共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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改进了单分子横向磁镊装置,可以直接用于观察单个DNA分子的伸长和扭转并随时更换样品池内的溶液,还可以同时操纵多个DNA分子,大大提高实验效率.此方法可以提供01到40pN范围的拉力,足以满足大部分单分子DNA实验的要求.用该装置实时观测到了DNA分子在拉力作用下的伸长以及在旋转磁场作用下的扭转,并成功地观察到了分子马达拉动DNA的动力学过程,从而验证了该装置的实用性.
关键词:
横向磁镊
单分子操纵
DNA拉伸
DNA扭转 相似文献
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随着单分子操纵技术的发明与发展,人们已经可以对单个生物大分子施以力或力矩,并测量它们的物理性质,DNA单分子的力学实验表明,在分子尺度上理解生物大分子的生化过程,力与能量是同等重要的结构与功能参数。一个梯子模型被用来描述双链DNA的外力拉伸曲线,在这个模型中,DNA是由许多碱基对(梯子的横杆,横杆之间存在吸引势)连接两条聚核苷酸虫链(梯子的两侧)形成的高分子,利用路径积分法得出的理论曲线与实验曲线吻合得很好,对于单链DNA,用分立的杂化高分子链统计理论的母函数方法来计算其弹性行为,得出与实验相符合的外力引起的解链相变结果。此外,对于抑瘤蛋白p53识别序列DNA微环弹性进行分析,发现其弹性模量只是通常随机序列的三分之一。 相似文献
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原子力显微术在原子级分辨表征、化学键识别、探测电荷密度分布等领域都有重要的应用.本文在介绍原子力显微术基本工作原理的基础上,着重介绍其在室温原子操纵、对原子/分子操纵过程的表征、以及绝缘基底上的电荷操纵三个方面的工作进展.主要内容有:1)原子力显微术的成像原理及其对典型分子的化学键分辨表征; 2)原子力显微术在室温下的力学操纵和原子识别能力; 3)用原子力显微术操纵分子表面异构或吸附构型变化并表征该过程中的相互作用力; 4)在绝缘基底上通过原子力显微术对单分子及多分子的电荷操纵.原子力显微术操纵在这些领域内的工作拓展了扫描隧道显微镜在原子/分子操纵方面的工作范围,为理解并精确控制操纵过程及构造纳米尺度器件提供了新的思路. 相似文献
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扫描隧道显微镜(STM)提供给我们一种表征单分子的局域物理和化学特性的特殊方法,甚至还能帮助我们操纵单分子以构造分子尺度的新型器件。本文中我们采用了两种新型STM技术分别来表征封装在富勒烯笼里面的金属原子和构造一种具有较强Kondo效应的分子器件。空间dI/dV映像谱被用来探索单个Dy@C82分子中能量分辨的金属-笼杂化态,揭示了有关Dy原子在碳笼中的空间位置和Dy-碳笼之间相互作用的重要信息。我们也通过控制STM针尖诱导的高电压脉冲来诱导CoPc分子的边缘脱氢化,从而改变了这个分子在Au(111)表面的吸附构型,导致吸附在Au表面的完整CoPc分子所不具备的Kondo效应产生。 相似文献
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本文报道了用单分子磁镊研究抗癌药顺铂导致的DNA凝聚过程.结果表明,当拉力比较小时,DNA凝聚的长度-时间曲线是连续缩短和阶跃缩短并存的复杂曲线.而当拉力较大但又不足以阻止DNA的凝聚时,凝聚曲线为连续缩短的双曲线.增加顺铂浓度只会增大凝聚速度而不会改变反应曲线的形状.实验结果与下列成环凝聚模型一致:在水溶液中顺铂能够与DNA形成双臂加合物,也能形成单臂加合物.当顺铂使DNA长链上相距较远的碱基间发生远程交联时,形成小环,导致DNA凝聚.小环间的进一步交联会引起DNA的完全凝聚.DNA凝聚产物十分稳定.
关键词:
顺铂
DNA凝聚
单分子操纵
抗癌药 相似文献
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《Comptes Rendus Physique》2002,3(4):501-508
Photon emission from a single molecule at room temperature exhibits nonclassical features. Continuous wave fluorescence excitation provides antibunching in the emitted photons sequence as a signature of the property to only emit one photon at a time. A short pulsed excitation can then produce single photons on demand, with an overall quantum efficiency up to 4.5% in our experimental setup. Direct measurement of the Mandel parameter Q(T) for an observation period of duration T follows a subpoissonian statistics on short time scale and superpoissonian statistics on longer time scale. The latter is attributed to blinking in the fluorescence due to the occurence of a metastable molecular triplet state. To cite this article: F. Treussart et al., C. R. Physique 3 (2002) 501–508. 相似文献
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Martin M Lastapis M Riedel D Dujardin G Mamatkulov M Stauffer L Sonnet P 《Physical review letters》2006,97(21):216103
At low temperature (5 K), a single biphenyl molecule adsorbed on a Si(100) surface behaves as a bistable device which can be reversibly switched by electronic excitation with the scanning tunneling microscope tip. Density functional theory suggests that the biphenyl molecule is adsorbed with one dissociated hydrogen atom bonded to a neighbor surface silicon atom. By desorbing this hydrogen atom with the STM tip, the interaction of the molecule with the surface is modified such that it becomes transformed into a multistable device with four stable states having switching yields increased by almost 2 orders of magnitude. 相似文献
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In this issue, Lee et al. report the experimental temperature-dependence of the unzipping force for two natural DNA sequences. For both sequences,
the curves show an anomaly at temperatures around 40
C. In this brief contribution, we stress that the anomaly is not easily explained within the established theoretical models
for the biophysics of DNA. As this puzzle questions our basic understanding of DNA, it must be resolved, most likely by a
combination of additional experiments and new theoretical work. 相似文献
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We study the elastic responses of double-(ds) and single-stranded (ss) DNA at external force fields. A double-strand-polymer
elastic model is constructed and solved by path integral methods and Monte Carlo simulations to understand the entropic elasticity,
cooperative extensibility, and supercoiling property of dsDNA. The good agreement with experiments indicates that short-ranged
base-pair stacking interaction is crucial for the stability and the high deformability of dsDNA. Hairpin-coil transition in
ssDNA is studied with generating function method. A threshold force is needed to pull the ssDNA hairpin patterns, stabilized
by base pairing and base-pair stacking, into random coils. This phase transition is predicted to be of first order for stacking
potential higher than some critical level, in accordance with experimental observations. 相似文献
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For solving the atomic structure of organic molecules such as small proteins which are difficult to crystallize, the use of a jet of doped liquid helium droplets traversing a continuous high energy electron beam is proposed as a means of obtaining electron diffraction patterns (serial crystallography). Organic molecules (such as small proteins) within the droplet (and within a vitreous ice jacket) may be aligned by use of a polarized laser beam. Iterative methods for solving the phase problem are indicated. Comparisons with a related plan for pulsed x-ray diffraction from single proteins in a molecular beam are provided. 相似文献
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We report a method in which temperature dependent single-molecule fluorescence measurements are used to study the kinetics and thermodynamics of the acid-base interaction in films of photoresist polymer. We use the two distinct fluorescent prototropic forms of Coumarin 6 (C6-->C6+) to indicate the state of the acid-base system. Data are analyzed using a statistical model of the intensity probability distributions, yielding temperature dependent proton exchange rates, which is confirmed through agreement with a simple two-state Monte Carlo model. The temperature dependent rates are used to calculate the activation enthalpy for proton exchange. 相似文献