Extensions of commutative rings in which trees of prime ideals contract to trees

Résumé  Une extensionA⊂B des anneaux (commutatifs) satisfait à la propriété si tout arbre dans Spec(B) couvre un arbre dans Spec(A). Il est possible qu'une extension entière d'un anneau Noethérien ne satisfait pas à . SiA⊂B soit unei-extension satisfaisante à soit “going-up” soit “going-down”, alorsA⊂B satisfait à . Cependant, une extension d'anneaux satisfaisante à “going-up”, “going-down”, et peut être nonunibranche dans hauteur >1. Un anneau intègreA a le spectre d'un arbre si et seulement siA⊂B satisfait àP pour tout anneau intègreB contenantA (resp., suranneau de BézoutB deA). De plus, si un anneau intègreA n'ait pas de spectre d'un arbre mais soit localement de dimension finie, (par exemple, tout anneau intègre Noethérien de dimension au moins 2), alors il existe un suranneau de BézoutB deA et un arbre saturé dans Spec(B) de sorte que card=4 et l'image de à l'égard de la flèche canonique Spec(B)→Spec(A) est un ensemble saturé tel que card =3 mais n'est pas d'arbre. On donne également des caractérisations associées des classes desi-domaines et des ai-domaines.      

The normal density of prime ideals in small regions

For a Gaussian prime (i) define ()=min|–| where runs through Gaussian primes satisfying ||>||. We prove that, subject to the Riemann Hypothesis for appropriateL-functions

A characterization of going-down-ring pairs of commutative rings

SoientA ⊆B des anneaux (commutaifs et unitaires). On dit que (A,B) est une paire d’anneaux de going-down siD est un anneau de going-down pour tout anneauD tel queA ⊆D ⊆B. On preuve que (A,B) est une paire d’anneaux de going-down si et seulement siA[b ₁,b ₂] est un anneau de going-down pour toutb ₁,b ₂ εB.     

Some algebraic invariants related to mixed product ideals

We compute some algebraic invariants (e.g. depth, Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity) for a special class of monomial ideals, namely the ideals of mixed products. As a consequence, we characterize the Cohen-Macaulay ideals of mixed products. Received: 25 October 2007     

Vector-Valued capacities

It is well-known that ifX is a compact metric space and ifI is a capacity onX then every analytic subset ofX isI-capacitable [2], [1]. We introduce the notion of vector-valued capacity in the case when the codomain is a Banach lattice and we prove an analogous theorem for analytic subsets of a Polish space. Finally, we show that every vectorvalued outer measure is a capacity and, in connection with the so-called “marginal problem”, we give an example of a capacity taking values in a reflexive Banach lattice.     

On the set of <Emphasis Type="Italic">t</Emphasis>-linked overrings of an integral domain

Let R be an integral domain with quotient field L. An overring T of R is t-linked over R if I ⁻¹ = R implies that (T : IT)  =  T for each finitely generated ideal I of R. Let O _t (R) denotes the set of all t-linked overrings of R and O(R) the set of all overrings of R. The purpose of this paper is to study some finiteness conditions on the set O _t (R). Particularly, we prove that if O _t (R) is finite, then so is O(R) and O _t (R) = O(R), and if each chain of t-linked overrings of R is finite, then each chain of overrings of R is finite. This yields that the t-linked approach is more efficient than the Gilmer’s treatment (Proc Am Math Soc 131:2337–2346, 2002). We also examine the finiteness conditions in some Noetherian-like settings such as Mori domain, quasicoherent Mori domain, Krull domain, etc. We establish a connection between O _t (R) and the set of all strongly divisorial ideals of R and we conclude by a characterization of domains R that are t-linked under all their overrings. This work was funded by KFUPM under Project # FT/18-2005.     

Log canonical thresholds of binomial ideals

We prove that the log canonical thresholds of a large class of binomial ideals, such as complete intersection binomial ideals and the defining ideals of space monomial curves, are computable by linear programming. Dedicated to Professor Toshiyuki Katsura on the occasion of his sixtieth birthday     

On the derivability of Lipschitz functions

We show that given any Borel measure onR, every Lipschitz function is μ-a.e. differentiable with respect to μ.     

Representation of Contractive Solutions of a Class of Algebraic Riccati Equations as Characteristic Functions of Maximal Dissipative Operators

Let

On two-point boundary value problems for systems of higher-order ordinary differential equations with singularities

The sufficient conditions of solvability and unique solvability of the two-point boundary value problems of Vallèe-Poussin and Cauchy-Niccoletti have been found for a system of ordinary differential equations of the form

Explicit formula for computing matrix exponential: An analytical approach

This paper is devoted to a practical formula for computing e ^tA, where A is anr×r matrix. Our main result is based on the combinatorial aspect of generalized Fibonacci sequences. Examples and applications are given. Date: June 9, 2003.     

Ultra smooth continua are smooth

In this paper we to define and study a class of metric continua called ultra smooth, which (by the definition) form a subclass of the class of continua being hereditarily unicoherent at some point. The major result is that every ultra smooth continuum is smooth.     

Fragmented domains have infinite Krull dimension

Résumé  On dit qu'un anneau intègreR est fragmenté si pour tout élément non-inversibler deR, il existe un élément non-inversibles deR tel que r∈∩Rs ⁿ. On montre, pour un anneau intègreR qui n'est pas un corps, qu'il existe un idéal maximal deR qui contient une cha?ne strictement croissante d'idéaux premiers deR. Si, de plus,R n'ax qu'un nombre fini d'idéaux maximaux, alors on peut reformuler l'affirmation précédente pour tout idéal maximal deR. Il découle que toute anneau intègreR, qui n'est pas un corps et qui possède un idéal premierP tel queR+PR _p soit fragmenté, doit être de dimension infinie (au sens de Krull). On donne un exemple d'un tel anneauR qui n'est pas fragmenté.      

On the almost sure central limit theorem and domains of attraction

We give necessary and sufficient criteria for a sequence (X _n) of i.i.d. r.v.'s to satisfy the a.s. central limit theorem, i.e.,

Almost complex and complex structures on real projective Stiefel manifolds

We give a complete list of real projective Stiefel manifolds which admit almost complex structures and show that many of them are in fact complex manifolds. The first named author was supported in part by Grants 1/1486/94 and 2/1225/96 of VEGA (Slovakia) during the preparation of this work.     

An Improved Cauchy Formula for Hypermonogenic Functions

A new Cauchy-type formula for hypermonogenic functions is derived. Hypermonogenic functions, introduced in [6], are a generalization of holomorphic functions to several dimensions. The power function x^m is hypermonogenic. This paper is dedicated to the memory of our friend and colleague Jarolim Bureš     

Hyperbolic Function Theory in the Clifford Algebra {\mathcal {C}}\ell_{n+1, 0}

The aim of this paper is to give the basic principles of hyperbolic function theory on the Clifford algebra . The structure of the theory is quite similar to the case of Clifford algebras with negative generators, but the proofs are not obvious. The (real) Clifford algebra is generated by unit vectors with positive squares e²_i = + 1. The hyperbolic Dirac operator is of the form where Q₀f is represented by the composition . If is a solution of H_kf = 0, then f is called k-hypergenic in Ω, where is an open set. We introduce some basic results of hyperbolic function theory and give some representation theorems on . Received: October, 2007. Accepted: February, 2008.     

Blow-up rings and rational singularities

Let A be a normal local ring which is essentially finite type over a field of characteristic zero. Let I⊂A be an ideal such that the Rees algebra R _A (I) is Cohen–Macaulay and normal. In this paper we address the question: “When does R _A (I) have rational singularities?” In particular, we study the connection between rational singularities of R _A (I) and the adjoint ideals of the powers I ⁿ (n∋ℕ). Received: 25 May 1998 / Revised version: 20 August 1998     

On <Emphasis Type="Italic">pq</Emphasis>-hyperelliptic Klein surfaces

In this paper we study compact Klein surfaces of algebraic genus d > 1 admitting p- and q-hyperelliptic involutions by which we mean involutions with the orbit spaces having algebraic genera p and q. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for p, q and d to exist such surfaces. It turns out that these conditions are also sufficient for the existence of such surfaces with commuting involutions what allow us to study this class also. We study the spectrum of hyperellipticity degrees of the product of these involutions and topological type of these surfaces. G. Gromadzki was supported by the grant SAB 2005-0049 of the Spanish Ministry of Education and Sciences. E. Tyszkowska was supported by BW 5100-5-0198-6.     

The duals of almost completely decomposable groups

In this paper, we classify the direct products of one-dimensional compact connected abelian groups by cardinal invariants dualizing Baer’s classification theorem of completely decomposable groups. Almost completely decomposable groups are finite rank torsion-free abelian groups which contain a completely decomposable group of finite index. An isomorphism theorem for their Pontrjagin dual groups is given by using the dual concept of a regulating subgroup.