二极管泵浦1064nm单频Nd:YAG激光器输出功率稳定控制系统设计

介绍了激光二极管(LD)端面泵浦1064 nm单频Nd:YAG激光器的工作原理和结构特点,分析了影响这种固体激光器输出功率稳定性的主要因素,设计并实验研究了一种用于稳定该激光器输出功率的控制方案.该方案在严格控制LD和Nd:YAG晶体工作温度的条件下,当单频Nd:YAG激光器的输出功率波动时,根据LD输出功率与其注入电流成正比这一变化规律,利用获得的功率误差信号反馈控制LD的注入电流,即可稳定单频Nd:YAG激光器的输出功率.实验结果表明:当LD泵浦1064 nm单频Nd:YAG激光器的输出功率约为11.5 mW时,采用所设计的控制系统,可使激光输出功率稳定性在130 min内优于1.3%.     

1064 nm Nd:YAG laser intracavity pumped at 946 nm

We present for the first time a Nd:YAG laser emitting at 1064 nm intracavity pumped by a 946 nm diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser. A 885 nm laser diode is used to pump the first Nd:YAG crystal emitting at 946 nm, and the second Nd:YAG laser emitting at 1064 nm intracavity pumped at 946 nm. We achieved an output power of 7.97 W at 1064 nm for an absorbed pump power at 946 nm of 9.55 W, corresponding to an optical efficiency of 83.4%. The beam quality M² quality factor is about 1.1 at the maximum output power.     

二极管泵浦1064nm单频Nd:YVO4激光器的研究

报道了一种用国产激光二极管泵浦的1064nm单频NdYVO4红外激光器的设计.利用布氏片和石英晶体组合构成的双折射滤光片技术,在泵浦功率为800mW时,实现了功率为360mW的1064nm红外单频输出.测量结果表明,偏振比超过了10001,功率稳定性优于0.5%,振幅噪声小于0.1%.     

二极管泵浦1064nm单频Nd∶YVO_4激光器的研究

报道了一种用国产激光二极管泵浦的1064nm单频Nd∶YVO4红外激光器的设计。利用布氏片和石英晶体组合构成的双折射滤光片技术,在泵浦功率为800mW时,实现了功率为360mW的1064nm红外单频输出。测量结果表明,偏振比超过了1000∶1,功率稳定性优于0 5%,振幅噪声小于0 1%。     

Micromachining of copper using Nd:YAG laser radiation at 1064, 532, and 355 nm wavelengths

The interaction phenomena of nanosecond time period Q-switched diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser pulses using 1064, 532 and 355 nm with 0.25 mm thick pure-copper foil was investigated at an incident laser intensity range of 0.5–57.9 GW/cm². For each sample, etch rate and surface structure were determined. Analysis of the results of the tests included scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A maximum etch rate of 13.3 μm per pulse was obtained for the etch rate tests carried out at 532 nm. The maximum etch rate obtainable for 1064 nm was 2.21 μm per pulse, and for 355 nm, 6.68 μm per pulse. The dramatic decrease in etch rate observed when processing at 1064 nm is thought to occur due the highly reflective nature of copper as the interaction wavelength is increased, plus the nature of the plasma formed above the material during the high-intensity laser–material interaction. This plasma then imparts energy to the surface of the processed area leading to surface melting of the area surrounding the hole as can be seen by the SEM photographs.     

High-efficiency diode-pumped acousto-optically Q-switched 1123 nm ceramic Nd:YAG laser

A high-efficiency diode-pumped acousto-optically (AO) Q-switched ceramic Nd:YAG (cNd:YAG) laser operating at 1123 nm is demonstrated for the first time. With an incident pump power of 17.11 W and a pulse repetition rate of 30 kHz, an average output power of 5.86 W is obtained. The optical-to-optical conversion efficiency is 34.2% and the slope efficiency is 39.1%.     

532 nm Nd:YAG激光的高效多波长受激喇曼转化

 Nd:YAG二倍频激光(532 nm)泵浦H2中的受激喇曼散射产生多级斯托克斯。其中一级、二级和三级斯托克斯的最高量子转换效率分别可达66%,60%和19%。在0.44 MPa下,可同时获得1 579 nm(19%),954 nm(30%),683 nm(33%),532 nm(14%),436 nm(3.7%)和368 nm(1.4%)的多波长输出。H2压力对多级斯托克斯转换有显著影响：高气压有利于产生高效的一级斯托克斯,而低气压则适合于高级斯托克斯和反斯托克斯的产生。     

Surface modifications of a titanium implant by a picosecond Nd:YAG laser operating at 1064 and 532 nm

Interaction of an Nd:YAG laser, operating at 1064 or 532 nm wavelength and pulse duration of 40 ps, with titanium implant was studied. Surface damage thresholds were estimated to 0.9 and 0.6 J/cm² at wavelengths 1064 and 532 nm, respectively. The titanium implant surface modification was studied by the laser beam of energy density of 4.0 and 23.8 J/cm² (at 1064 nm) and 13.6 J/cm² (at 532 nm). The energy absorbed from the Nd:YAG laser beam is partially converted to thermal energy, which generates a series of effects, such as melting, vaporization of the molten material, shock waves, etc. The following titanium/implant surface morphological changes were observed: (i) both laser wavelengths cause damage of the titanium in the central zone of the irradiated area, (ii) appearance of a hydrodynamic feature in the form of resolidified droplets of the material in the surrounding outer zone with the 1064 nm laser wavelength and (iii) appearance of wave-like microstructures with the 532 nm wavelength. Generally, both laser wavelengths and the corresponding laser energy densities can efficiently enhance the titanium/implant roughness. This implant roughness is expected to improve its bio-integration. The process of the laser interaction with titanium implant was accompanied by formation of plasma.     

Yellow light generation by frequency doubling of a diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser

We demonstrate the generation of TEM₀₀ mode yellow light in critically type II phase-matched KTiOPO₄ (KTP) with intracavity frequency doubling of a diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser at room temperature. After a 150 μm thick etalon have been inserted into the cavity, the stability and beam quality of the second harmonic generation (SHG) is enhanced. A continuous wave (CW) TEM₀₀ mode output power of 1.67 W at 556 nm is obtained at a pump level of 16 W. The total optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 10.44%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Watt-level yellow light generation by frequency doubling of Nd:YAG laser.     

1064 nm纳秒脉冲激光诱导硅表面微结构研究

利用Nd:YAG纳秒激光(波长为1064 nm)在不同气氛(空气、N₂,真空)中对单晶硅进行累积脉冲辐照,研究了表面微结构的演化情况.在激光辐照的初始阶段,与532和355 nm纳秒脉冲激光在硅表面诱导出波纹结构不同,1064 nm脉冲激光诱导出了微孔结构和折断线结构,并且硅的晶面取向不同,相应的折断线结构也不同.对于Si(111)面,两条折线交角为120°或60°,形成网状;而对于Si(100)面,两条折断线正交,从而将表面分成了15—20 μm的矩形块.结果表明,微孔结构的生长过程主要与相爆炸有关,而折断线的形成主要是热应力作用的结果.不同气氛对微结构形成的影响表明,刻蚀率和生长率与微结构的形成有密切的关系. 关键词： 纳秒激光 硅的微结构 相爆炸 热应力     

Compact and efficient diode-pumped actively Q-switched 1319 nm Nd:YAG ceramic laser

An efficient compact diode-pumped acousto-optic actively Q-switched Nd:YAG ceramic laser operating at 1319 nm was demonstrated. At an incident pump power of 23.7 W, an average output power of 4.8 W at a pulse repetition frequency of 30 kHz was obtained. The corresponding optical-to-optical conversion efficiency was 20.3%. A maximum single pulse energy of 316 μJ with a pulse duration of 78.5 ns was obtained at an incident pump power of 19.4 W and a pulse repetition frequency of 10 kHz.     

1064 nm Nd:YAG激光诱导铁等离子体特征参数的研究

利用1064 nm Nd:YAG激光器研究了激光诱导铁条等离子体的特征参数。为了减小测量误差和谱线自发辐射跃迁几率不确定性带来的计算误差,采用改进的迭代Boltzmann方法精确求解铁等离子体的电子温度为8058 K。Lorentz函数拟合Fe I 376.553 nm得到等离子体的电子数密度为8.71017 cm-3。分析表明等离子体的加热机制主要是逆轫致过程,其吸收系数是0.14 cm-1。实验数据证实激光诱导铁等离子体处于局部热力学平衡状态和光学薄状态。     

1064 nm Nd:YAG激光诱导铁等离子体特征参数的研究

利用1064 nm Nd:YAG激光器研究了激光诱导铁条等离子体的特征参数。为了减小测量误差和谱线自发辐射跃迁几率不确定性带来的计算误差,采用改进的迭代Boltzmann方法精确求解铁等离子体的电子温度为8058 K。Lorentz函数拟合Fe I 376.553 nm得到等离子体的电子数密度为8.71017 cm-3。分析表明等离子体的加热机制主要是逆轫致过程,其吸收系数是0.14 cm-1。实验数据证实激光诱导铁等离子体处于局部热力学平衡状态和光学薄状态。     

Efficient intra-cavity second harmonic generation by a diode-pumped actively Q-switched Nd:YAG laser

A compact and efficient intra-cavity doubled, actively Q-switched diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser has been developed. It generates as much as 1.55 W at 532 nm, with pulses of 400 ns at a repetition rate of 15 kHz, with an overall optical-to-optical efficiency of 15.5%. A beam quality factor M² ≈ 2.35 has been measured at this power level.     

High-peak-power diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser with a Brillouin phase-conjugation--pulse-compression mirror

We demonstrate stimulated Brillouin scattering compression of diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser pulses with a 3-ns duration into 350-ps pulses at a pulse-repetition rate of 100 Hz for what is believed to be the first time. The output pulse energy was 6.5 mJ, with a beam-quality factor M(2) of 1.15, and after final amplification the energy reached 36 mJ, with M(2) of 2.5.     

High power single wavelength 1338 nm Nd:YAG laser

Through reasonable coating design to suppress the 1064 nm strongest emission line as well as the 1318.8 nm one, a 1338 nm high-power Nd:YAG quasi-continuous wave (QCW) laser pumped with a Kr lamp has been successfully developed. As high as 102 W of average output power at the 1338 nm single wavelength has been obtained with the overall and slope efficiencies of 4.6% and 6.3%, respectively, when the average pump power is 2200 W. Its threshold power is about 400 W.     

Reflection losses of a multidisc diode-pumped Nd: YAG laser

This paper reports on the alignment requirements of a scalable multidisc laser with respect to the internal reflection losses of the resonator. Considering the polarization state of the mode, these losses are generated due to a polarization mismatch at the disc surfaces. Measurements of the polarization of the output beam from a laser containing tilted discs were compared with computer simulations. The losses were calculated for resonators containing discs deviating slightly from the ideal orientation in a random manner, in order to predict the alignment requirements for a multidisc system. Results for variable numbers of discs and angular deviations are presented.     

Reflection losses of a multidisc diode-pumped Nd: YAG laser

This paper reports on the alignment requirements of a scalable multidisc laser with respect to the internal reflection losses of the resonator. Considering the polarization state of the mode, these losses are generated due to a polarization mismatch at the disc surfaces. Measurements of the polarization of the output beam from a laser containing tilted discs were compared with computer simulations. The losses were calculated for resonators containing discs deviating slightly from the ideal orientation in a random manner, in order to predict the alignment requirements for a multidisc system. Results for variable numbers of discs and angular deviations are presented.     

Nd:YAG lasers at 1064 nm with 1-Hz linewidth

Two Nd:YAG lasers are tightly frequency-stabilized to separately located, vertically mounted ultrastable cavities, which are connected by single-mode optical fibers employing fiber phase noise cancellation. The optical heterodyne beat between two independent lasers shows that the linewidth of each laser reaches 1 Hz and the frequency drift is less than 0.3 Hz/s.     

飞秒光梳和碘稳频532nm Nd:YAG激光频率的测量

报道了中国计量科学研究院研制的基于掺钛蓝宝石(Ti:Sapphire)锁模飞秒脉冲激光器的飞秒光学频率梳装置，并利用此装置测量了碘稳频532nm(¹²⁷I₂R(56)32-10) Nd∶YAG固体激光器的频率，结果为 563260223512991±20Hz,相对不确定度为3.6×10^-14.这一数值是直接溯源到铯原子微波频率基准的光学频率测量结果.