Transition between anticipating and lag synchronization in chaotic external-cavity laser diodes

Chaotic synchronization is investigated by use of two diode lasers as transmitter and receiver. The transmitter laser is rendered chaotic by application of optical feedback in an external-cavity configuration. Changes in the spectrum of the synchronized system are shown to be associated with the transition between anticipating and lag synchronization.     

利用频谱仪提取双反馈混沌半导体激光器的外腔长度密钥

光反馈半导体激光器产生的高维宽带混沌载波,应用于光混沌通信系统中.主器的外腔长度用作混沌保密通信的附加密钥.本文实验研究了光反馈混沌半导体激光器外腔长度密钥的识别.通过对长腔光反馈产生的混沌频谱进行局部放大,分析其精细结构,结果表明:无论是单反馈半导体激光器还是有不同外腔长度比的双反馈半导体激光器,都可以利用频谱仪直接提取出激光器的外腔长度信息.     

大幅度增加弛豫振荡频率来实现毫米级外腔半导体激光器的外腔机制转换

混沌外腔半导体激光器输出明显存在弛豫振荡特征,弛豫振荡频率小于外腔振荡频率时,外腔半导体激光器输出态是短腔机制;反之,外腔半导体激光器输出态是长腔机制.首先对比分析了弛豫振荡频率为5.6 GHz,腔长对频谱有效带宽的影响.然后同时调节注入电流和载流子寿命来大幅度地增加弛豫振荡频率.最后在弛豫振荡频率为40 GHz、腔长为毫米级(4—20 mm)时,实现由短腔机制到长腔机制的转换,进而分析了外腔反馈率和外腔长对外腔半导体激光器频谱带宽的影响.分析结果表明:短腔机制下,输出混沌态不稳定,0.1 mm的偏差就会导致混沌态与非混沌态之间的转化;长腔机制下,输出混沌态稳定,输出混沌区域较大,证明长腔机制下更有益于获得宽带连续的混沌区域.在弛豫振荡频率为40 GHz、外腔长度为毫米级时,实现了外腔半导体激光器的长腔机制,从而增大了高带宽混沌的参数空间.     

Demonstration of optical synchronization of chaotic external-cavity laser diodes

An experimental demonstration of optical synchronization of chaotic external-cavity semiconductor laser diodes is reported for what is believed to be the first time. It is shown that at an optimum coupling strength between the master and the slave lasers high-quality synchronization can be obtained.     

Cascaded synchronization of external-cavity laser diodes

An experimental demonstration of optical synchronization of a chain of chaotic external-cavity laser diodes is reported for what is believed to be the first time. The experiment is performed in the low-frequency-fluctuation regime.     

反馈强度对外腔反馈半导体激光器混沌熵源生成的随机数序列性能的影响

外腔反馈半导体激光器在合适的反馈强度下将呈现混沌态, 其输出的激光混沌信号可作为物理熵源获取物理随机数序列. 着重研究了外腔反馈强度对最后获取的二元码序列的随机性的影响. 数值仿真结果表明, 随着反馈强度的增加, 外腔反馈半导体激光器输出的混沌信号的延时时间特征峰值呈现先逐渐减小再逐渐增大的过程, 而对应的排列熵特征值呈现先增大、后缓慢降低的过程, 即存在一个优化的反馈强度可使输出的混沌信号的延时特征得到有效抑制且复杂度高. 利用NIST Special Publication 800-22软件对基于不同反馈强度下外腔半导体激光器输出的混沌信号所产生的二元码序列的随机性进行了相关测试, 并讨论了反馈强度的大小对测试结果的影响.     

外腔半导体激光器随机数熵源的腔长分析

利用光反馈半导体激光器产生的混沌激光作为随机数熵源,详细研究了混沌源外腔长度对500Mbit/s随机数特性的影响.研究表明:在单路混沌源情况下,外腔反馈引起的谐振会使产生的随机序列具有弱周期性,且当外腔反馈时间与采样时间的比值为整数时,产生序列的随机性最差,仅能通过NIST统计测试2,3项;在两路混沌源情况下,当混沌源的外腔长不相等且不成比例时,通过两路异或处理可消除由外腔反馈引起的弱周期性,产生的随机序列能够通过NIST的全部统计测试项.     

光注入提高半导体激光器混沌载波发射机的带宽

外光反馈下的半导体激光器可视为混沌载波发射机.数值研究发现，外部强光注入可以显著提高混沌载波发射机的带宽，带宽提高的程度在一定范围内与注入光的强度成正比.当外部光注入系数k_inj=0.39时，混沌载波的带宽由无光注入时的2.7GHz增大到14.5GHz，提高了5倍多.研究还发现，在相同的注入强度条件下，当注入光的频率比半导体激光器的中心频率高2—4GHz时，可实现最大限度的带宽增强.此外，适当提高半导体激光器的偏置电流也可以在一定程度上提高其产生的混沌载波的带宽. 关键词： 半导体激光器 混沌 带宽     

Integrity of semiconductor laser chaotic communications to naïve eavesdroppers

The integrity of a chaotic encoding technique based on an external-cavity semiconductor laser transmitter-receiver system is experimentally examined. A semiconductor laser placed in the transmission path of the system is used to represent an eavesdropper intercepting a chaotic communication. The eavesdropper is able to obtain a copy of the transmission but is unable to decode the message. A chaotic communication system based on external-cavity semiconductor lasers is seen therefore to be secure against this form of interception.     

基于双光反馈半导体激光器的单向开环混沌同步通信

利用双光反馈半导体激光器作为混沌发射源, 构建了一个单向开环混沌通信系统, 并对系统的通信性能进行了相关仿真研究. 研究表明: 通过合理选取系统参量, 双光反馈半导体激光器所产生的混沌载波能很好地抑制外腔延时特征; 发射激光器和接收激光器在强注入锁定下能实现很好的混沌同步, 并且同步性能对频率失谐具有很好的容忍性; 采用附加混沌调制加密方式, 500 Mbits/s的信号能够很好地隐藏于混沌载波中, 并可在接收端成功解调. 关键词： 半导体激光器 单向耦合 混沌通信     

Enhancement of chaotic carrier bandwidth in laser diode transmitter utilizing external light injection

Semiconductor laser with optical feedback emitting chaotic optical signal can be treated as chaotic carrier transmitter. Based on laser rate equations, we numerically study the effect of external injection light on the bandwidth of chaotic carrier transmitter. Our numerical simulation shows that the bandwidth of the chaotic carrier transmitter can be enhanced significantly by external photons injection. Compared with the 2 GHz relaxation oscillation frequency of a solitary laser diode without optical injection, the bandwidth of a chaotic carrier transmitter is expanded to 14.5 GHz with injection parameter at k_inj = 0.39. Simulation results also demonstrate that the enhanced bandwidth depends obviously on the frequency detuning between the external injection laser diode and the chaotic carrier transmitter. The maximum bandwidth of the chaotic transmitter can be obtained when the frequency of the injected light is higher than the central frequency of the carrier transmitter between 2 GHz and 4 GHz.     

Bandwidth-enhanced chaos synchronization in strongly injection-locked semiconductor lasers with optical feedback

Bandwidth-enhanced chaos synchronization in strongly injection-locked semiconductor lasers with optical feedback is numerically studied based on laser rate equations. The bandwidth of the chaotic carrier frequency in a semiconductor laser with optical feedback is expanded roughly three times by strong optical injection compared with the bandwidth when there is no optical injection. Using a bandwidth-enhanced semiconductor laser as a chaotic transmitter and receiver, we synchronized transmitter and the receiver lasers in a complete chaos synchronization scheme.     

Enhancing the relaxation oscillation frequency of a chaotic semiconductor laser transmitter using optical dual-feedback light

A method to enhance the relaxation oscillation frequency and carrier bandwidth of a delayed feedback semiconductor laser transmitter is presented using additive optical feedback light. A formula for frequency detuning of the optical dual-feedback is developed to demonstrate that frequency detuning is added with the additive optical feedback light level. The function of the relaxation oscillation frequency of the chaotic laser is theoretically determined to show that it can be broadened by including the delay time and feedback level. Numerical results demonstrate that the bandwidth with the additive optical feedback light can be enhanced 1.7 times more than the bandwidth without it and the relaxation oscillation frequency of the chaotic laser is increased to 1.8 times more than that of the laser without it. The current can enhance the relaxation oscillation frequency and bandwidth of the transmitter more efficiently.     

Spatiotemporal communication with synchronized optical chaos

We propose a model system that allows communication of spatiotemporal information using an optical chaotic carrier waveform. The system is based on broad-area nonlinear optical ring cavities, which exhibit spatiotemporal chaos in a wide parameter range. Message recovery is possible through chaotic synchronization between transmitter and receiver. Numerical simulations demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed scheme, and the benefit of the parallelism of information transfer with optical wave fronts.     

非相干光反馈与非相干光注入混沌同步通信系统仿真分析

本文对非相干光反馈与非相干光注入激光混沌同步保密通信系统进行了理论仿真研究.本系统为Pecora-Carroll混沌同步系统,基于Lang-Kobayashi速率方程,建立了发送激光器和接收激光器的理论模型.利用该模型分析了同步建立时间、同步误差,混沌键控编码/解码以及调制速率等特性.仿真结果表明系统具有很好的同步性能和保密性,混沌同步时间约为1 ns,混沌键控编码速率可达1 Gbit/s.研究结果对非相干光反馈与非相干光注入激光混沌同步保密通信系统的设计具有重要参考价值.     

光纤混沌双芯双向保密通信系统研究

把量子阱激光混沌耦合反馈同步系统应用于光纤保密通信中,提出光纤混沌双芯双向保密通信设想.通过耦合外部光注入多量子阱激光混沌全光耦合反馈同步系统和光纤传输信道,建立了光纤混沌双芯双向通信系统物理模型.理论和数值证明了激光混沌同步,理论分析指出光纤中的自相位调制是限制激光混沌在光纤传输中同步的主要原因,并推导出混沌信号双芯双向传输中的非线性相移以及混沌激光功率限制和传输距离公式.数值实现了该系统在长距离二根光纤传输中的同步,详细地分析了系统同步时间随光纤传输长度的关系.模拟了调制频率06 GHz的混沌模拟通 关键词： 混沌 同步 光纤 保密通信     

混沌光注入垂直腔面发射激光器混沌输出的时延和带宽特性

提出并仿真论证了利用一个双光反馈垂直腔面发射激光器(定义为主VCSEL,M-VCSEL)产生的混沌光平行单向注入到另一个VCSEL(定义为副VCSEL,S-VCSEL)使所产生的混沌信号的延时特征(TDS)和带宽特性得以优化的技术方案.首先,基于VCSELs自旋反转模型,结合自相关分析方法,通过对系统参量进行优化,可使双光反馈M-VCSEL的X偏振分量(X-PC)和Y偏振分量(Y-PC)均输出混沌信号,且两路混沌信号的平均强度相当、TDS均较弱;在此基础上,将双光反馈M-VCSEL在优化条件下得到的混沌信号平行单向注入到S-VCSEL中,以获得两路TDS得到抑制、带宽更宽的混沌信号.通过考察两个偏振分量输出混沌信号的TDS以及混沌带宽在注入强度和频率失谐构成的参数空间的演化规律,确定了系统获取两路TDS被抑制、宽带宽的混沌信号所需的注入参数范围.     

Synchronization of chaos in unidirectionally coupled vertical-cavity surface-emitting semiconductor lasers

Synchronization of chaos is achieved experimentally in unidirectionally coupled external-cavity vertical-cavity surface-emitting semiconductor lasers operating in an open-loop regime. Synchronization is observed when the polarization of the transmitter is perpendicular to the polarization (x polarization) of the free-running receiver. The ratio of transmitter output to y-polarized receiver output power shows normal (positive-slope) synchronization. However, inverse (negative-slope) synchronization is found to arise between the transmitter output and the x-polarized receiver output power.     

Signal masking for chaotic optical communication using external-cavity diode lasers

Amplitude modulation is used to encode a message into the output of a chaotic laser-diode optical transmitter, and decoding of the message by use of a synchronized chaotic laser-diode receiver is demonstrated experimentally. The chaotic carrier is shown to effectively mask the transmitted message.     

Correlation dimension signature of wideband chaos synchronization of semiconductor lasers

Chaos data analysis has been performed on the chaotic output power time series data from a synchronized transmitter-receiver pair of semiconductor lasers. The system uses an asymmetric, bidirectional coupling configuration between the master (transmitter), which is a laser diode with optical feedback, and a stand-alone slave semiconductor laser. The correlation dimension of the chaotic time series has a minimum value of 4, which was obtained from high-bandwidth measurements. The correlation dimensions for both the master and the synchronized slave are identical when the cross-correlation coefficient of the synchronized chaos is above 0.9. These results establish correlation dimension analysis as an effective tool for the determination of the quality of wideband chaos synchronization.