HPLC-MS/MS法同时测定动物源性食品中9种吡咯里西啶类生物碱的含量

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)检测动物源性食品中9种吡咯里西啶类生物碱残留的分析方法。蜂蜜、乳制品及动物肝脏样品分别用0.05 mol/L盐酸、1%三氯乙酸、5%乙酸乙腈溶解,强阳离子固相萃取柱(Waters Oasis MCX)进行富集和净化后,用Phenomenex Kinetex C_(18)(4.6 mm×100 mm,2.6μm)色谱柱进行分离,以甲醇-0.1%甲酸-5 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在电喷雾正离子多反应监测模式下进行检测。9种吡咯里西啶类生物碱在0～100 ng/mL质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.99。在10、20和50μg/kg加标水平下,5种不同基质中9种吡咯里西啶类生物碱的平均回收率为71.0%～103%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.0%～9.8%,方法的检出限为3μg/kg,定量下限为10μg/kg。该方法简单、快速、准确,适用于动物源性食品中吡咯里西啶类生物碱的同时测定。     

分散固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蜂蜜中生物碱

建立了分散固相萃取-高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(QuEChERS-HPLC-MS/MS)同时测定蜂蜜中吡咯里西啶生物碱(倒千里光、千里光菲林、千里光宁、克氏千里光宁)和异喹啉类生物碱(小檗碱、荷叶碱)的方法。蜂蜜样品经乙腈提取,乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷(PSA)吸附剂净化,HPLC-MS/MS测定。采用Agilent Poroshell 120SB-C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,2.7μm)分离。以0.1%甲酸溶液和乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾正离子(ESI+)模式电离,多反应监测模式(MRM)下进行测定,外标法定量。结果表明,在0.1~100μg/L范围内,6种生物碱的相关系数均大于0.99;在1~100μg/kg的添加水平下,所有生物碱回收率均在70%~110%之间;6种生物碱日内精密度小于15%,日间精密度小于20%;方法检出限和定量限分别为0.3和1.0μg/kg。本方法可用于蜂蜜中吡咯里西啶生物碱和异喹啉类生物碱的同时定性和定量分析。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蜂蜜中18种生物碱及风险评估

建立了蜂蜜中马桑内酯、雷公藤类、异喹啉类和吡咯里西啶类等18种生物碱的固相萃取/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(SPE/UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定方法，并根据实际样品检测结果进行初步风险评估。蜂蜜样品经0.1%甲酸水超声提取、MCX固相萃取柱富集与净化后，使用Waters ACQUITY UPLC^TM BEH Phenyl色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)分离，以0.1%甲酸水和甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱，采用UPLC-MS/MS进行测定，基质匹配标准曲线法定量。目标化合物在对应质量浓度范围内线性关系良好，相关系数(r²)均大于0.993；方法的定量下限为0.05～25μg/kg；平均回收率为77.2%～115%，相对标准偏差(RSD)不大于12%。40份蜂蜜样品中有6份样品检出吡咯里西啶类生物碱，含量为1.09～18.7μg/kg。该方法准确度好，灵敏度高，重现性好，适用于蜂蜜中多种生物碱的同时测定。初步风险评估提示，蜂蜜存在一定的安全风险。     

高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法同时测定化妆品中24种香豆素类化合物

建立了高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱法同时测定化妆品中24种香豆素类化合物含量。水基、乳液、膏霜类样品和唇膏、粉饼等固态类样品分别采用甲醇、甲醇-四氢呋喃(1∶1)混合溶液超声提取后,经Agilent Poroshell120 SB-C₁₈色谱柱(100 mm×4.6mm,2.7μm)分离,以甲醇-5 mmol/mL甲酸铵(含0.1%甲酸)溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流量为0.5 mL/min,多反应监测模式检测。24种香豆素类化合物在各自质量浓度范围内与色谱峰面积线性关系良好,相关系数均不小于0.999 5,检出限为0.002～0.8μg/kg,定量限为0.004～3μg/kg。在低、中、高三个浓度加标水平下,样品平均加标回收率为84.8%～112.9%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.2%～9.8%(n=6)。该方法操作简便、灵敏度高、准确性好,可用于化妆品中香豆素类化合物的定性筛查和定量测定。     

QuEChERS-超高效合相色谱-串联质谱法测定化妆品中45种糖皮质激素

建立了QuEChERS处理,超高效合相色谱-串联质谱(UPC~2-MS/MS)测定化妆品中45种糖皮质激素(GCs)含量的方法。样品经NaCl饱和溶液分散、乙腈涡旋提取、QuEChERS法净化后,以Torus 2-PIC色谱柱(100 mm×3.0 mm,1.7μm)为分析柱,以超临界CO_2为主要流动相,0.1%(V/V)甲酸甲醇溶液为共溶剂梯度洗脱,以97%甲醇溶液(V/V,含0.1%甲酸)为补偿液,电喷雾电离源的三重四极杆质谱在正离子、多反应监测模式下测定,外标法定量。结果表明:45种GCs在0.20～100μg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好(R~2≥0.9935),检出限为0.05～0.10μg/kg,定量限为0.15～0.30μg/kg;在3个加标水平下的平均回收率为74.4%～110.7%,相对标准偏差为2.9%～11%。该法为化妆品中多种GCs的测定提供了技术支持。     

基于QuEChERS提取的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定4种不同基质类型化妆品中15种硝基咪唑类禁用药物

建立了同时测定4种不同基质类型化妆品中15种硝基咪唑类(NMZs)禁用药物的高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)。样品经溶剂超声提取,改良的QuEChERS方法净化后,过0.22μm滤膜上机检测。采用XSelect CSH C_(18)色谱柱(2.1 mm×150 mm,3.5μm)进行分离,以0.1%甲酸乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液作为流动相梯度洗脱,流速为0.25 mL/min。采用正离子模式电喷雾电离(ESI~+),多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,基质匹配标准曲线外标法定量。结果表明,15种硝基咪唑类药物在5～500μg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数(r~2)0.99,检出限(LOD)和定量下限(LOQ)分别为0.8～200μg/kg和4～400μg/kg。3个不同浓度加标水平下,平均加标回收率为86.8%～115%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.3%～8.4%。该方法前处理简单、分离效果好、回收率高,适用于化妆品中硝基咪唑类禁用药物的测定。     

超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱快速分析化妆品中17种喹诺酮类药物

建立了一种水剂、乳液和非蜡基膏霜类化妆品中17种喹诺酮类药物的超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UPLC-Q Orbitrap HRMS)分析方法。样品采用0.1%甲酸(体积分数)乙腈混合溶液超声提取,正己烷液液萃取脱脂,经Agilent Poroshell EC C_(18)(4.6 mm×150 mm,2.7μm)色谱柱分离后,以全扫描/二级离子扫描(Full Scan/dd-MS~2)进行定性筛查和定量检测,内标法定量。结果表明,17种喹诺酮类药物均在0.05～20.0μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系(r~20.996 0),检出限和定量下限分别为0.5、1.0μg/kg。在2、4、20μg/kg 3个加标水平下,回收率为82.3%～108%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为3.5%～8.6%。该方法快速准确,灵敏度高,可用于化妆品中喹诺酮类药物的测定。     

固相萃取/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定儿童化妆品中新康唑等4种抗生素

建立了测定儿童化妆品中新康唑等4种抗生素的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS)。样品经70%乙腈水溶液超声提取后,使用SCX固相萃取小柱净化,以0.1%甲酸水和乙腈作为流动相,经Waters ACQUITY BEH C₁₈(2.1 mm×100 mm,2.5μm)色谱柱分离,使用多反应监测模式(MRM)进行测定。结果表明,4种抗生素线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均为0.999,方法检出限(LOD)和定量下限(LOQ)分别为0.005～0.250μg/g和0.010～0.500μg/g。4种抗生素在3种基质和3个加标水平的平均回收率为89.3%～113%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.90%～7.2%。该方法高效、准确、特异性好,满足新康唑等4种抗生素在儿童化妆品中的测定需求。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定化妆品中6种生物碱

建立了一种同时测定化妆品中6种生物碱(秋水仙碱、萝芙碱、藜芦定、西伐丁、麦角胺、麦角克碱)的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。试样用0.1%甲酸-乙腈混合溶剂超声提取,Cleanert PCX固相萃取柱净化,经Thermo Hypersil GOLD色谱柱分离后在多反应监测模式下检测。结果表明:6种生物碱在0.2~20μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r20.999 0),方法定量下限为2.0~5.3μg/kg,3个加标水平下的平均回收率为83.9%~101.1%,相对标准偏差为0.7%~6.6%。该方法快速准确、灵敏度高,适用于化妆品中生物碱的安全性评价。     

高效液相色谱-质谱联用法快速筛查化妆品中112种禁用药物

建立了同时筛查确认化妆品中喹诺酮类、糖皮质激素类、硝基咪唑类、四环素类、大环内酯类、磺胺类、头孢类和性激素8类112种禁用药物的高效液相色谱-质谱联用分析方法。试样采用0. 2%甲酸乙腈作为提取液,通过Qu ECh ERS净化后过滤膜上机检测。以0. 2%甲酸水-0. 2%甲酸乙腈溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,C18色谱柱分离,质谱动态多反应监测(DMRM)模式进行分析。结果表明,112种药物的定量下限为2. 0～10. 0μg/kg;加标回收率为82. 0%～108%;相对标准偏差(RSD)为2. 0%～7. 9%。该方法操作简单、快速、高效,适用于化妆品中上述几类禁用药物的快速筛查和测定。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.