共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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车用燃料油氧化脱硫技术进展 总被引:24,自引:15,他引:24
概述了应用于车用燃料油的多种脱硫技术,主要包括加氢脱硫、催化裂化脱硫、吸附脱硫、萃取脱硫、生物脱硫等,并详细介绍了氧化脱硫技术及其脱硫机理。氧化脱硫技术主要包括:含硫化合物的氧化和分离两个步骤,从原子结构上来看,硫原子比碳原子多5个3d轨道,使得含硫化合物更容易接受氧原子而被氧化,通过氧化剂将有机硫化合物氧化成砜类,就能增加其极性,使其更容易溶于极性溶剂,从而达到与烃类分离的目的。与其他脱硫技术相比氧化脱硫技术的投资少,操作条件温和且不消耗氢气,对加氢脱硫难以脱除的二苯并噻吩(DBT)类化合物有较高的脱硫效率,能达到超深度脱硫的要求。 相似文献
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Corey氧化剂及其在选择性氧化中的应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Corey氧化剂(PCC)是一种为世界公认的有效选择性氧化剂之一,应用非常广泛。本文就1982年以来PCC的发展状况和趋势作一较详细的介绍和评述。包括:一、对醇类的氧化;二,对甾族化合物的氧化;三、对话泼亚甲基的氧化;四、对含活泼碳碳双键化合物的氧化;五、对硅、硼金属有机化合物的氧化;六、载体在PCC选择性氧化中的应用;七、超声泼在PCC选择性氧化中的应用。 相似文献
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通过离子交换分别制得强碱,弱碱树脂负载的聚合物铬(VI)试剂,并研究了其对不同结构醇的氧化性能及反应条件。 相似文献
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光催化氧化作为高级氧化技术的一种在环境保护领域具有重要的应用前景。就目前而言,量子效率低、反应速度慢等缺点制约了光催化氧化的应用。投加无机氧化剂能够通过抑制空穴电子对的复合及产生其它氧化物种等方式强化光催化、提高光催化效率,推进光催化在实际中应用的进程。本文较详细地阐述了不同无机氧化剂强化光催化的机理、研究进展,并对无机氧化剂在光催化氧化中的应用前景进行展望。 相似文献
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单糖二级羟基的氧化及氧化剂的电化学行为曹玲华,刘育亭(新疆大学化学系,乌鲁木齐,830046)关键词吡喃糖,呋喃糖,氧化,氧化剂的电化学行为近年来,Corey等[1,2]研制的新试剂PCC(Pyridiniumchlorochromate)和PDC(... 相似文献
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燃料油超深度脱硫:二苯并噻吩在改性活性炭上的吸附 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Ultra-deep desulfurization of fuel oils is used for producing clean fuels to meet new emission control standards, and also for producing sulfur-free hydrogen for use in fuel cell systems, where the hydrogen is produced by the reforming of fuel oils[1~2]. 相似文献
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液体燃料催化氧化脱硫 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
随着世界清洁燃料中含硫标准的不断提高,传统的加氢除硫方法面临的问题也更加严峻。在近年发展起来的非传统除硫新技术中,催化氧化脱硫技术的研究进展较快。本文介绍了催化氧化脱硫法这一新技术的理论基础及其基本原则,重点概述了近年来在液体燃料催化氧化法脱硫从而获得清洁燃料这一研究领域所取得的最新成果,并对该领域研究的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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Muhammad Saeed Aswa Firdous Muhammad Saleh Zaman Fatima Izhar Mubeshar Riaz Sabah Haider Muzamil Majeed Shahzaib Tariq 《中国化学会会志》2023,70(4):789-824
Nowadays, desulfurization of fuel oil has raised concern globally because of strict industrial and environmental legislations. Albeit hydrodesulfurization (HDS) has been extensively used in oil refineries to produce low sulfur oil (< 10 ppm) but not been proven as effective method for the removal of dibenzothiophene (DBT), benzothiophene (TH) and their derivatives. Subsequently, adsorptive desulfurization (ADS) and oxidative desulfurization (ODS) methods have been developed to achieve high removal efficiency. In the past decade, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and its composites as oxidative catalysts, as well as adsorbents, have attracted the researchers owing to high surface area, tunable properties, and reusable. The present review comprises use of MOFs and their composites for the removal of sulfur from fuel oil via ODS and ADS processes. Additionally, physicochemical properties of MOFs, mechanism, pros and cons of both process, regeneration, and future challenges have been discussed briefly. Moreover, current limitations and future prospective are also discussed. 相似文献
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通过对比废弃塑料(PE)和渣油的热重曲线(TG/DTG),研究了两者的热解特性,论证了利用延迟焦化方法处理聚乙烯类废弃塑料的理论可行性;同时通过模拟延迟焦化实验,针对性地考察了废弃聚乙烯延迟焦化及废弃聚乙烯与渣油共延迟焦化的反应特性,采用模拟蒸馏方法分析了燃料油产物的成分组成,探讨了废弃聚乙烯延迟焦化方法制取燃料油的生产可行性。结果表明,PE的主要热解温区为350℃~480℃,渣油的为250℃~460℃,两者的热解特性有很大的相似性。PE热解的液体产物中汽油和柴油馏分达到62%,蜡油馏分为38%;PE热解的气相产物为小分子的烃类和氢气。PE与渣油共延迟焦化的液体产物中汽油馏分明显比渣油单独焦化的增加。 相似文献
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模拟油品氧化脱硫及反应动力学研究 《燃料化学学报》2011,39(8):611-614
在H2O2/WO3/ZrO2氧化体系中对以甲苯为溶剂、二苯并噻吩(DBT)为模型含硫化合物的模拟油品(硫的质量分数为1540×10-6)进行了氧化脱硫研究,考察了反应温度、反应时间、氧化剂加入量、催化剂用量对DBT转化率的影响。实验结果表明,在反应温度50℃,反应时间90min,氧化剂加入量油/H2O2的体积比为20∶1和催化剂用量0.02g/mL的适宜氧化脱硫条件下,96%以上的DBT氧化为容易分离脱除的二苯并噻吩砜(DBTOs);同时研究了DBT氧化反应动力学,得知DBT氧化反应为一级反应,表观活化能Ea为55.37kJ/mol,指前因子A为3.35×107min-1。 相似文献
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以Ti-MWW为催化剂,考察了不同氧化剂对分别含有苯并噻吩、二苯并噻吩和4,6-二甲基二苯并噻吩等有机硫化物模拟油品氧化反应的影响,结果表明,叔丁基过氧化氢对有机含硫化合物的氧化活性明显高于过氧化氢水溶液。以叔丁基过氧化氢为氧化剂,三种噻吩类含硫化合物氧化的难易顺序为二苯并噻吩> 4, 6-二甲基二苯并噻吩> 苯并噻吩,其氧化活性顺序与含硫化合物中硫原子的电子云密度和空间位阻有关。考察了Ti-MWW/叔丁基过氧化氢催化氧化体系对成品柴油的催化氧化脱硫,结果表明,成品柴油中的含硫化合物可被有效地氧化脱除,在优化的反应条件下,经过两次氧化、萃取后,成品柴油中的总硫含量从1015μg/mL降低至11μg/mL,总脱硫率达到99%。 相似文献
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Gwi-Taek Jeong Don-Hee Park Choon-Hyoung Kang Woo-Tai Lee Chang-Shin Sunwoo Chung-Han Yoon Byung-Chul Choi Hae-Sung Kim Si-Wouk Kim Un-Taek Lee 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2004,114(1-3):747-758
Fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) show large potential applications as diesel substitutes, also known as biodiesel fuel. Biodiesel
fuel as renewable energy is an alternative that can reduce energy dependence on petroleum as well as air pollution. Several
processes for the production of biodiesel fuel have been developed. Transesterification processes under alkali catalysis with
short-chain alcohols give high yields of methyl esters in short reaction times. We investigated transesterification of rapeseed
oil to produce the FAMEs. Experimental reaction conditions were molar ratio of oil to alcohol, concentration of catalyst,
type of catalyst, reaction time, and temperature. The conversion ratio of rapeseed oil was enhanced by the alcohol:oil mixing
ratio and the reaction temperature. 相似文献
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Biodiesel fuel is an alternative and renewable energy source, which may help to reduce air pollution, as well as our dependence
on petroleum for energy. Several processes have already been developed for the production of biodiesel. Alkali-catalyzed transesterification
with short-chain alcohols, for example, generates high yields of methyl esters in short reaction times. In this study, we
have evaluated the efficacy of batch (one- and two-stage) transesterification of rapeseed oil in the production of rapeseed
methyl ester. The conversion of rapeseed oil exhibited similar reaction patterns and yields in 30- and 1-L reaction systems.
Approximately 98% of the rapeseed oil was converted at 400 rpm within 20 min, under the following conditions: 1% (w/w) KOH,
1∶10 methanol molar ratio, and at 60°C. In the 30-L, two-stage transesterification process, approx 98.5% of the rapeseed oil
was converted at a 1∶4.5 molar ratio and 1% (w/w) KOH at 60°C for 30 min (first reaction condition), and at a 1∶1 molar ratio
and 0.2% (w/w) KOH at 60°C for 30 min (second reaction condition). 相似文献