酰胺-尿素-NaBr熔体中电沉积Tb-Co合金的研究

在353K的乙酰胺 尿素 NaBr熔体中,Co(Ⅱ)一步不可逆还原为金属Co,测得α为0.23和D0为1.25×10-6cm2·s-1;Tb(Ⅲ)不能单独还原为Tb,但是可以被Co2+诱导而共沉积。由恒电位电解法得到非晶态的Tb Co合金;Tb的含量随阴极电位的负移、Tb3+ Co2+摩尔比增大及电解时间延长而增大,Tb的最大含量可达83.91wt%。Tb Co合金膜经高温晶化后用X射线衍射分析其组成为(TbCo3)12R。     

聚苯胺和聚吡咯膜电极对Fe（Ⅱ）和Sb（Ⅲ）电催化作用

Ｆｅ（Ⅱ）和Ｓｂ（Ⅲ）的氧化还原峰电流在聚苯胺（ＰＡｎ）和聚吡啶（ＰＰｙ）膜电极上比在铂丝电极上高出一倍至数倍。在膜电极上氧化峰电位与还原峰电位之差值（△Ｅｐ）也比在铂丝电极上显著减小．说明两种膜电极对Ｆｅ（Ⅱ）和Ｓｂ（Ⅲ）离子的电极反应有较好的电催化活性。在电位扫描速度较低时，两种离子在聚合物膜电极上的氧化和还原反应的催化活性相近。     

用聚乙二醇-硫酸铵-铝试剂体系萃取分离铁(Ⅲ)、铝(Ⅲ)、铜(Ⅱ)、钴(Ⅱ)、镉(Ⅱ)、锰(Ⅱ)、镍(Ⅱ)

研究了在聚乙二醇-硫酸铵-铝试剂体系中Fe（Ⅲ）、Al（Ⅲ）、Cu（Ⅱ）、Co（Ⅱ）、Cd（Ⅱ）、Mn（Ⅱ）、Ni（Ⅱ）的萃取分离行为．结果表明，在pH 5．0～6．5HAc-NaAc 缓冲溶液中，Fe（Ⅲ）、Al（Ⅲ）可被 PEG相几乎完全萃取，而 Cu（Ⅱ）、Co（Ⅱ）、Cd（Ⅱ）、Mn（Ⅱ）基本上不被萃取，从而实现了 Fe（Ⅲ）与 Cu（Ⅱ）、Co（Ⅱ）、Cd（Ⅱ）、Mn（Ⅱ）及Al（Ⅲ）与 Fe（Ⅲ）、Co（Ⅱ）、Cu（Ⅱ）混合离子的定量萃取分离。井研究了不同类型的表面活性剂对PEG相萃取行为的影响。     

微晶酚酞预富集-分光光度法测定痕量Co(Ⅱ)

建立了一种以微晶酚酞作为固态吸附剂对样品中痕量的Co（Ⅱ）分离富集的新方法,富集后的co（Ⅱ）可直接用光度法测定。控制一定条件,Co（Ⅱ）能与常见阳离子Ni（Ⅱ）、Cd（Ⅱ）、Al（Ⅲ）、Ca（Ⅱ）、Mg（Ⅱ）、Pb（Ⅱ）、Mn（Ⅱ）、Fe（Ⅲ）、Bi（Ⅲ）等完全分离,且富集时基本不受SO4^2-、NO3^-、Br^-、Cl^-、I^-等阴离子影响。微晶酚酞对Co（Ⅱ）的吸附容量为23．5mg／g;富集因数可达200倍,回收率在97．6％以上,RSD为1．1％～2．3％。已用于环境水样及日常用水中Co（Ⅱ）的富集测定。     

基于过渡金属配合物的阻变存储材料

阻变型电存储依靠外加电场作用下存储介质的导电性高低差异,即电学双稳态或多稳态来实现数据存取,并具有高容量、高柔韧性、低成本、低能耗、可规模化等优点,为下一代高密度存储技术提供新前景. 除了无机氧化物、碳纳米材料、有机小分子和有机聚合物半导体材料之外,近年来,过渡金属配合物在阻变型电存储方面的应用也引起广泛关注. 本文对迄今为止报道的大部分基于过渡金属配合物的阻变存储材料进行了总结和讨论,主要包括第VⅢ族金属[包括Fe（Ⅱ）、Ru（Ⅱ）、Co（Ⅲ）、Rh（Ⅲ）、Ir（Ⅲ）、Pt（Ⅱ）等配合物]、第IB族和ⅡB族金属[Cu（Ⅱ）、Au（Ⅲ）、Zn（Ⅱ）等配合物]和镧系过渡金属配合物[Eu（Ⅲ）及其它],并对各种配合物的存储行为和存储机理进行了探讨. 过渡金属配合物具有清晰可逆的氧化还原过程,通过改变配体的结构和金属的种类可以很方便地调节材料的前线轨道能级和能隙,利于形成电学双稳态或多稳态,达到二进制或多进制存储的目的,具有潜在应用价值.     

二甲基甲酰胺中Y-Mg-Co合金膜的电化学制备

研究了二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）中Y(Ⅲ) 和Mg(Ⅱ) 及Co(Ⅱ)在Pt电极上的电化学行为.结果表明,Y(Ⅲ)、Mg(Ⅱ)及Co(Ⅱ)在Pt电极上一步不可逆还原为Y(0)、Co(0)和Mg(0).在301 K时,利用循环伏安法分别测定出Mg(ClO4)2-LiClO4-DMF中Mg(Ⅱ)的扩散系数和传递系数为2.95×10－6 cm2•s－1和0.11；CoCl2-LiClO4-DMF中Co(Ⅱ)的扩散系数和传递系数为1.34×10－5 cm2•s－1和0.24；Y(NO3)3-LiClO4-DMF中Y(Ⅲ)的扩散系数和传递系数为1.68×10－5 cm2•s－1和0.10.在铜电极上于－1.50～－3.00 V(vs SCE)下恒电位电沉积,得到黑色、光滑致密、粘附性好的Y-Mg-Co合金膜,其中Y含量为3.88％～58.66％;Mg含量为4.51％～17.52％.     

金属离子在液相氧化中的催化作用——Ⅷ.在丙酸氧化反应中Mn(Ⅲ)-Co(Ⅲ)催化体系不同离子的功能

本文仔细地研究了Mn(Ⅲ)-Co(Ⅲ)催化体系中不同离子在丙酸氧化中的功能:Mn(Ⅲ)离子首先与丙酸作用并被还原成Mn(Ⅱ)离子;Co(Ⅲ)离子可在反应体系中将Mn(Ⅱ)再氧化,而还原了的Co(Ⅱ)离子可为氧再生.这样建立起的氧化还原体系形成了催化循环.     

金属卟啉的电化学性质与其催化氧化α-蒎烯性能的关系

 采用循环伏安法对一系列四苯基金属卟啉的电化学氧化还原性质进行了研究,考察了四苯基金属卟啉的第一还原电位与其催化氧化α-蒎烯性能的关系. 结果表明,各四苯基金属卟啉催化空气氧化α-蒎烯转化率的大小顺序为 TPPMnⅢCl＞TPPCoⅢCl＞TPPFeⅢCl＞TPPCuⅡ≈TPPNiⅡ≈TPPZnⅡ,除TPPCoⅢCl外,基本与其第一还原电位的大小顺序一致. 随着卟啉环上取代基供电子能力的减弱,各取代基铁卟啉和锰卟啉的第一还原电位E1值均逐渐减小,表现在催化体系中是它们越容易被还原而引发反应,催化氧化α-蒎烯的转化率逐渐升高. 四苯基铁卟啉和锰卟啉的第一还原电位E1与其卟啉环上对位取代基常数σ*之间均有良好的线性关系.     

电化学和紫外光谱研究In（Ⅲ）与2，2＇-联吡啶的相互作用

在HAc—NaAc（pH=4．0）缓冲溶液中,用循环伏安法（CV）、交流阻抗法（EIS）、紫外光谱和紫外差光谱研究了In（Ⅲ）与2,2’-联吡啶（bpy）的相互作用。结果表明：In（Ⅲ）离子的循环伏安图呈现一对准可逆的氧化还原波,bpy与In（Ⅲ）作用后,In（Ⅲ）的氧化还原峰电流明显降低、式量电位正移,扩散系数减小,电化学反应阻抗增大;In（Ⅲ）与bpy作用后,bpy的紫外光谱发生了明显变化,紫外差光谱表明In（Ⅲ）与bpy结合比为1：2。     

固体六氰合铁酸钴微粒在聚电解质中的现场显微红外光谱电化学

报道了六氰合铁酸钴（COHCF）微粒在聚电解质中的光谱电化学及电催化行为．CoHCF的循环伏安呈现一对可逆氧化还原峰，电位扫速在100mV／s范围内，峰电流与扫速成正比．现场红外光谱表明，氧化还原属于CoHCF中的Fe（Ⅱ／Ⅲ）的转化CoHCF微粒可以催化抗坏血酸的氧化，使氧化电位负移，氧化电流增大．根据现场红外光谱推测，催化作用是通过抗坏血酸的烯酸基与CoHCF相互作用实现的．     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.