On a multiple time-scales perturbation analysis of a Stefan problem with a time-dependent Dirichlet boundary condition

In this paper, a classical Stefan problem with a prescribed and small time-dependent temperature at the boundary is studied. By using a multiple time-scales perturbation method, it is shown analytically how the moving boundary profile is influenced by the prescribed temperature at the boundary and the initial conditions. Only a few exact solutions are available for this type of problems and it turns out that the constructed approximations agree very well with these exact solutions. In particular, approximations of solutions for this type of problems, with periodic and decaying temperatures at the boundary, are constructed. Furthermore, these approximations are valid on a long time scale, and seems to be not available in the literature.     

Stationary Boltzmann's Equation With a Source Term

Stationary problems for the nonlinear Boltzmann equation with a source term in a three dimensional rectangular domain with specularly reflecting boundaries are considered. It is proved that these problems possess unique solutions close to equilibrium provided a source term is sufficiently small. It is also shown that the solutions are asymptotically stable under small perturbations as solutions of the time dependent Boltzmann equation.     

Stationary internal layers in a reaction-advection-diffusion integro-differential system

A class of singularly perturbed nonlinear integro-differential problems with solutions involving internal transition layers (contrast structures) is considered. An asymptotic expansion of these solutions with respect to a small parameter is constructed, and the stability of stationary solutions to the associated integro-parabolic problems is investigated. The asymptotics are substantiated using the asymptotic method of differential inequalities, which is extended to the new class of problems. The method is based on well-known theorems about differential inequalities and on the idea of using formal asymptotics for constructing upper and lower solutions in singularly perturbed problems with internal and boundary layers.     

Continuity of Solutions of a Class of Fractional Equations

In practice many problems related to space/time fractional equations depend on fractional parameters. But these fractional parameters are not known a priori in modelling problems. Hence continuity of the solutions with respect to these parameters is important for modelling purposes. In this paper we will study the continuity of the solutions of a class of equations including the Abel equations of the first and second kind, and time fractional diffusion type equations. We consider continuity with respect to the fractional parameters as well as the initial value.     

Sharp Growth Estimates for Modified Poisson Integrals in a Half Space

For continuous boundary data, including data of polynomial growth, modified Poisson integrals are used to write solutions to the half space Dirichlet and Neumann problems in Rⁿ. Pointwise growth estimates for these integrals are given and the estimates are proved sharp in a strong sense. For decaying data, a new type of modified Poisson integral is introduced and used to develop asymptotic expansions for solutions of these half space problems.     

Generalized green operator of a boundary-value problem with degenerate pulse influence

We establish necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability of inhomogeneous linear boundaryvalue problems for systems of ordinary differential equations with pulse influence in the case where the number of boundary conditions is not equal to the order of the differential system (Noetherian problems). We construct a generalized Green operator for boundary-value problems not all solutions of which can be extended from the left endpoint to the right endpoint of the interval where these solutions are constructed.     

Rarefaction Wave Interaction and Shock-Rarefaction Composite Wave Interaction for a Two-Dimensional Nonlinear Wave System

In order to construct global solutions to two-dimensional(2 D for short)Riemann problems for nonlinear hyperbolic systems of conservation laws,it is important to study various types of wave interactions.This paper deals with two types of wave interactions for a 2 D nonlinear wave system with a nonconvex equation of state:Rarefaction wave interaction and shock-rarefaction composite wave interaction.In order to construct solutions to these wave interactions,the authors consider two types of Goursat problems,including standard Goursat problem and discontinuous Goursat problem,for a 2 D selfsimilar nonlinear wave system.Global classical solutions to these Goursat problems are obtained by the method of characteristics.The solutions constructed in the paper may be used as building blocks of solutions of 2 D Riemann problems.     

Nonstationary solutions of a generalized Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation

Nonstationary solutions of the Cauchy problem are found for a model equation that includes complicated nonlinearity, dispersion, and dissipation terms and can describe the propagation of nonlinear longitudinal waves in rods. Earlier, within this model, complex behavior of traveling waves has been revealed; it can be regarded as discontinuity structures in solutions of the same equation that ignores dissipation and dispersion. As a result, for standard self-similar problems whose solutions are constructed from a sequence of Riemann waves and shock waves with stationary structure, these solutions become multivalued. The interaction of counterpropagating (or copropagating) nonlinear waves is studied in the case when the corresponding self-similar problems on the collision of discontinuities have a nonunique solution. In addition, situations are considered when the interaction of waves for large times gives rise to asymptotics containing discontinuities with nonstationary periodic oscillating structure.     

Lp-Estimates for a Solution to the Dirichlet Problem and to the Neumann Problem for the Heat Equation in a Wedge with Edge of Arbitrary Codimension

The Dirichlet problem and the Neumann problem in a wedge with edge of an arbitrary codimension are studied. On the basis of the Green functions of these problems in a cone, estimates for solutions are obtained. Coercive estimates for the solutions are also obtained in the Kondrat'ev spaces. Bibliography: 14 titles.     

Certain classes of problems on linear conjugation for a two-dimensional vector admitting explicit solutions

We consider the structure of the set of piecewise meromorphic solutions to the linear conjugation problem for a two-dimensional vector and study its relations with the fractional-linear conjugation problem. We prove that under the assumption of the piecewise meromorphic solvability of any of these problems there exists a canonical system of solutions to the linear conjugation problem and describe classes of problems which are solvable in a closed form.     

Equivalent forms of a generalized KKM theorem and their applications

In this paper, we study various types of variational relation problems. We establish the existence of solutions for these types of problems and point out some important particular cases and their applications. We also show that some existence theorems of solution for these types of problems and some existence theorems of variational inclusion problems are equivalent to a generalized KKM theorem. Applying our results we obtain existence theorems of common fixed point, generalized maximal element theorems, a generalized coincidence theorems and a section theorem.     

Boundary value problems of electroelasticity for a plate with an inclusion and a half-space with a slit

Problems of determining the mechanical and electrical fields in a piezoelectric plate reinforced with an inclusion or in a half-space weakened by a cut are considered. Using the methods of the theory of analytic functions these problems are reduced to a system of singular integro-differential equations (for a plate) or to a singular integral equation with a fixed singularity (for a half-space). Approximate and exact solutions of the problems are obtained by the method of orthogonal polynomials and integral transforms.     

Matrix correction of a dual pair of improper linear programming problems

A matrix is sought that solves a given dual pair of systems of linear algebraic equations. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions to this problem are obtained, and the form of the solutions is found. The form of the solution with the minimal Euclidean norm is indicated. Conditions for this solution to be a rank one matrix are examined. On the basis of these results, an analysis is performed for the following two problems: modifying the coefficient matrix for a dual pair of linear programs (which can be improper) to ensure the existence of given solutions for these programs, and modifying the coefficient matrix for a dual pair of improper linear programs to minimize its Euclidean norm. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability of the first problem are given, and the form of its solutions is described. For the second problem, a method for the reduction to a nonlinear constrained minimization problem is indicated, necessary conditions for the existence of solutions are found, and the form of solutions is described. Numerical results are presented.     

Asymptotic expansions of solutions to inverse problems for a hyperbolic equation with a small parameter multiplying the highest derivative

Two inverse problems for a hyperbolic equation with a small parameter multiplying the highest derivative are considered. The existence and uniqueness of their solutions are proved. As the small parameter tends to zero, the solutions of the inverse problems are proved to converge to solutions of inverse problems for a parabolic equation.     

Exponential function method for solving nonlinear ordinary differential equations with constant coefficients on a semi-infinite domain

A new approach, named the exponential function method (EFM) is used to obtain solutions to nonlinear ordinary differential equations with constant coefficients in a semi-infinite domain. The form of the solutions of these problems is considered to be an expansion of exponential functions with unknown coefficients. The derivative and product operational matrices arising from substituting in the proposed functions convert the solutions of these problems into an iterative method for finding the unknown coefficients. The method is applied to two problems: viscous flow due to a stretching sheet with surface slip and suction; and mageto hydrodynamic (MHD) flow of an incompressible viscous fluid over a stretching sheet. The two resulting solutions are compared against some standard methods which demonstrates the validity and applicability of the new approach.     

非均匀半平面问题的弹性力学解

本文使用非均匀平面弹性力学的基本方程,通过富氏积分变换,求得了应力函数通解。在此基础上对弹性模量E(x)=E_oexp[βx]为指数型的非均匀半平面问题,具体求得了当边界上受任意载荷作用的精确解。最后经退化处理,还得到了有名的Boussnesq解,这说明本文的方法是成功的。     

Particular solutions of the linearized Boltzmann equation for a binary mixture of rigid spheres

Particular solutions that correspond to inhomogeneous driving terms in the linearized Boltzmann equation for the case of a binary mixture of rigid spheres are reported. For flow problems (in a plane channel) driven by pressure, temperature, and density gradients, inhomogeneous terms appear in the Boltzmann equation, and it is for these inhomogeneous terms that the particular solutions are developed. The required solutions for temperature and density driven problems are expressed in terms of previously reported generalized (vector-valued) Chapman–Enskog functions. However, for the pressure-driven problem (Poiseuille flow) the required particular solution is expressed in terms of two generalized Burnett functions defined by linear integral equations in which the driving terms are given in terms of the Chapman–Enskog functions. To complete this work, expansions in terms of Hermite cubic splines and a collocation scheme are used to establish numerical solutions for the generalized (vector-valued) Burnett functions.     

Particular solutions of the linearized Boltzmann equation for a binary mixture of rigid spheres

Particular solutions that correspond to inhomogeneous driving terms in the linearized Boltzmann equation for the case of a binary mixture of rigid spheres are reported. For flow problems (in a plane channel) driven by pressure, temperature, and density gradients, inhomogeneous terms appear in the Boltzmann equation, and it is for these inhomogeneous terms that the particular solutions are developed. The required solutions for temperature and density driven problems are expressed in terms of previously reported generalized (vector-valued) Chapman–Enskog functions. However, for the pressure-driven problem (Poiseuille flow) the required particular solution is expressed in terms of two generalized Burnett functions defined by linear integral equations in which the driving terms are given in terms of the Chapman–Enskog functions. To complete this work, expansions in terms of Hermite cubic splines and a collocation scheme are used to establish numerical solutions for the generalized (vector-valued) Burnett functions.     

Some exact solutions for fractional generalized Burgers’ fluid in a porous space

This work is concerned with deriving the equation for describing the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of a fractional generalized Burgers’ fluid in a porous space. Modified Darcy's law has been taken into account. Closed form solutions for velocity are obtained in three problems. The solutions for Navier–Stokes, second grade, Maxwell, Oldroyd-B and Burgers’ fluids appear as the limiting cases of the obtained solutions. A parametric study of some physical parameters involved in the problems is performed to illustrate the influence of these parameters on the velocity profiles.     

An analytical technique for solving a class of strongly nonlinear conservative systems

Recently, an analytical technique has been developed to determine approximate solutions of strongly nonlinear differential equations containing higher order harmonic terms. Usually, a set of nonlinear algebraic equations is solved in this method. However, analytical solutions of these algebraic equations are not always possible, especially in the case of a large oscillation. Previously such algebraic equations for the Duffing equation were solved in powers of a small parameter; but the solutions measure desired results when the amplitude is an order of 1. In this article different parameters of the same nonlinear problems are found, for which the power series produces desired results even for the large oscillation. Moreover, two or three terms of this power series solution measure a good result when the amplitude is an order of 1. Besides these, a suitable truncation formula is found in which the solution measures better results than existing solutions. The method is mainly illustrated by the Duffing oscillator but it is also useful for many other nonlinear problems.