共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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We show that the redshift-space quadrupole will be a powerful tool for constraining dark energy even if the baryon oscillations are missing from the monopole power spectrum and bias is scale and time dependent. We calculate the accuracy with which next-generation galaxy surveys such as KAOS will measure the quadrupole power spectrum, which gives the leading anisotropies in the power spectrum in redshift space due to linear velocity, and the so-called "Finger of God" and Alcock-Paczynski effects. Combining the monopole and quadrupole power spectra, in the complete absence of baryon oscillations (Omegab=0), leads to a roughly 500% improvement in constraints on dark energy compared with those from the monopole spectrum alone. 相似文献
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We consider a recently proposed scenario for the generation of primordial cosmological perturbations, the so called Cosmological
Slingshot scenario. We first obtain a general expression for the Slingshot primordial power spectrum which extends previous
results by including a blue pre-bounce residual contribution at large scales. Starting from this expression we numerically
compute the CMB temperature and polarization power spectra arising from the Slingshot scenario and show that they excellently
match the standard WMAP 3-year best-fit results. In particular, if the residual blue spectrum is far above the largest WMAP
observed scale, the Slingshot primordial spectrum fits the data well by only fixing its amplitude and spectral index at the
pivot scale k
p = 10−3
h Mpc−1. We finally show that all possible distinctive Slingshot signatures in the CMB power spectra are confined to very low multipoles
and thus very hard to detect due to large cosmic variance dominated error bars at these scales. 相似文献
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Optimum Temporal Pulse Shape of Launched Light for Optical Time Domain Reflectometry Type Sensors Using Brillouin Backscattering 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We investigated numerically the relationship between the temporal shape of an optical pulse launched into an optical fiber and the power spectrum of the Brillouin backscattered light it produces. We analyzed the measurement error of the peak-power frequency of the Brillouin backscattered light power spectra obtained from the launched light with various pulse shapes. In this investigation and analysis, we characterized the pulse shape by the width, leading-trailing time, and steepness. Regardless of the launched pulse shape, the peak-power frequency-measurement error increases as the pulse width shortens. For identical launched pulse widths, a triangular pulse generates the Brillouin backscattered-light power spectrum with both the narrowest profile and the largest peak power, and consequently provides the minimum error when we measure the peak-power frequency. This shows that a temporally triangular pulse is the best for the launched light. 相似文献
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使用振幅调制和功率谱相减的联合变换相关器作多目标检测 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
提出一种使用振幅调制和功率谱相减的联合变换相关器作多目标检测,这一方法对联合功率谱作了修正,先将联合功率谱减去纯输入景物的功率谱和参考图象的功率谱,再将所得修正的联合功率谱乘以振幅调制滤波函数。分析和量化了输入景物噪声对联合变换相关器性能的影响。这种方法比条纹调节的联合变换相关器和修正的条纹调节的联合变换相关器能产生更好的相关输出和适应输入景物噪声的能力。 相似文献
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The MHD turbulence theory developed by Iroshnikov and Kraichnan predicts a k(-1.5) power spectrum. Solar wind observations, however, often show a k(-5/3) Kolmogorov scaling. Based on 3 years worth of Ulysses magnetic field data where over 28,000 current sheets are identified, we propose that the current sheet is the cause of the Kolmogorov scaling. We show that for 5 longest current-sheet-free periods the magnetic field power spectra are all described by the Iroshnikov-Kraichnan scaling. In comparison, for 5 periods that have the most number of current sheets, the power spectra all exhibit Kolmogorov scaling. The implication of our results is discussed. 相似文献
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微分是(近)红外光谱多元分析校正中最常使用也是最有效的光谱基线漂移校正方法。由于数据数目较少及相邻数据在光谱意义或数学意义上缺乏连续性,微分不能直接用于离散波长光谱消除基线漂移。为此,提出了一种结合插值拟合和微分校正离散光谱基线漂移的新方法。思路是采用三次样条插值法对离散波长光谱进行拟合,然后对拟合光谱进行Savitaky-Golay卷积求导,再从微分光谱中取出对应于原离散波长光谱数值的数值,构成离散波长光谱的微分光谱,从而实现离散波长光谱的基线漂移校正。通过分别由模拟离散波长光谱数据和实际的离散波长光谱数据建立多元校正模型检验新方法效果。采用ABC干粉灭火剂和土壤的近红外光谱数据及性质建立了PLS和MLR模型。结果表明,新方法能有效消除离散波长光谱的基线漂移对多元分析校正产生的不利影响,明显地提高了多元分析校正模型的准确性,对改善离散波长光谱仪器分析准确度具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。 相似文献
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Dynamical and spatial aspects of sandpile cellular automata 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kim Christensen Hans C. Fogedby Henrik Jeldtoft Jensen 《Journal of statistical physics》1991,63(3-4):653-684
The Bak, Tang, and Wiesenfeld cellular automaton is simulated in 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 dimensions. We define a (new) set of scaling exponents by introducing the concept of conditional expectation values. Scaling relations are derived and checked numerically and the critical dimension is discussed. We address the problem of the mass dimension of the avalanches and find that the avalanches are noncompact for dimensions larger than 2. The scaling of the power spectrum derives from the assumption that the instantaneous dissipation rate of the individual avalanches obeys a simple scaling relation. Primarily, the results of our work show that the flow of sand down the slope does not have a 1/f power spectrum in any dimension, although the model does show clear critical behavior with scaling exponents depending on the dimension. The power spectrum behaves as 1/f
2 in all the dimensions considered. 相似文献
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The problem of classification of images that have a perfectly random nature is considered. We propose a new approach to solve this problem that is based on the use of the synthetic discriminant functions being synthesized to separate linearly the power spectra of random image fields to be classified. In the stage of both discriminant function synthesis and classification, the statistical technique of power spectrum estimation is employed. The realization of the proposed approach by means of a hybrid computer-optical technique is discussed, and its efficiency is illustrated by two examples of real-world texture classification. 相似文献
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We develop an analytic approach to calculation of the temperature and polarisation power spectra of the cosmic microwave background due to inflationary gravitational waves. This approach complements the more precise numerical results by providing insight into the physical origins of the features in the power spectra. We explore the use of analytic approximations for the gravitational-wave evolution, making use of the WKB approach to handle the radiation-matter transition. In the process, we describe scaling relations for the temperature and polarisation power spectra. We illustrate the dependence of the amplitude, shape, and peak locations on the details of recombination, the gravitational-wave power spectrum, and the cosmological parameters, and explain the origin of the peak locations in the temperature and polarisation power spectra. The decline in power on small scales in the polarisation power spectra is discussed in terms of phase-damping. In an appendix we detail numerical techniques for integrating the gravitational-wave evolution in the presence of anisotropic stress from free-streaming neutrinos. 相似文献
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R C Waag D Dalecki P E Christopher 《The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America》1989,85(1):423-431
A model of scattering is used to relate average differential scattering cross section and power spectra of scattering medium variations. The model expresses the average differential scattering cross section as a sum of the power spectrum of medium compressibility variations, the power spectrum of density variations weighted by the square of the cosine of the scattering angle, and the cross-power spectrum of compressibility and density variations weighted by twice the cosine of the scattering angle. Known values of the average differential scattering cross section at a minimum of three different scattering angles and temporal frequencies corresponding to the same spatial frequency are used to calculate each of the three power spectra. Since noise and statistical fluctuations are present in actual measurements of average differential scattering cross section, the calculations of power spectra are obtained from an overdetermined set of equations to which a solution is found by using a singular value decomposition. Data derived from a model for scattering from a cloud of correlated particles are employed to show the influence of additive noise. Calculations are also made from measurements of scattering from three suspensions of particles that have a different average radius in each suspension but are similarly modeled by scattering from a cloud. Additionally, the calculations are applied to measurements of average differential scattering cross section of calf liver. The results show that determination of the power spectra of scattering medium variations can be made under practical conditions, and also imply that density variations contribute significantly to scattering by calf liver. 相似文献
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检调焦是高分辨力遥感相机得到高质量图像的关键技术之一。线阵CCD遥感相机在推扫过程中地面景物不断变化,而一般的图像清晰度评价函数只能在相同的图像内容下作比较来判断系统是否合焦。在介绍了遥感相机离焦原因及常用检调焦方法的基础上,用遥感图像验证了图像的功率谱对自然景物具有一定的不变性,分析了将其用于相机检调焦的可行性。实验表明,在系统合焦时,不同图像的功率谱值基本相同;而系统离焦时,功率谱值随着离焦程度的增加而逐渐减小,以此提出了以两幅不同图像功率谱的比值作为CCD遥感相机调焦的评价函数。 相似文献
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Plochocka-Polack P Groshaus JG Rappaport M Umansky V Gallais Y Pinczuk A Bar-Joseph I 《Physical review letters》2007,98(18):186810
We study the absorption spectrum of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in a magnetic field. We find that at low temperatures, when the 2DEG is spin polarized, the absorption spectra, which correspond to the creation of spin up or spin down electrons, differ in magnitude, linewidth, and filling factor dependence. We show that these differences can be explained as resulting from the creation of a Mahan exciton in one case, and of a power law Fermi-edge singularity in the other. 相似文献
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A 30-MeV femto-second electron linac is built at the Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, which can produce high power, coherent THz undulator radiation. We report the experimental facility and measurement of the power, frequency spectrum. First experiments show the averaged power at THz to be about 20mW. 相似文献
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F. Atrio-Barandela J. Einasto S. Gottlöber V. Müller A. Starobinsky 《JETP Letters》1997,66(6):397-403
We calculate the temperature anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) for several initial power spectra of density
perturbations with a built-in scale suggested by recent optical data on the spatial distribution of rich clusters of galaxies.
Using cosmological models with different values of the spectral index, baryon fraction, Hubble constant, and cosmological
constant, we compare the calculated radiation power spectrum with the CMB temperature anisotropies measured by the Saskatoon
experiment. We show that spectra with a spike at 120h
−1 Mpc are in agreement with the Saskatoon data. The combined evidence from cluster and CMB data favors the presence of a peak
and a subsequent break in the initial matter power spectrum. Such a feature is similar to the prediction of an inflationary
model wherein an inflaton field is evolving through a kink in the potential.
Pis’ma Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 66, No. 6, 373–378 (25 September 1997)
Published in English in the original Russian journal. Edited by Steve Torstveit. 相似文献