Poor rich demarcation of Matthew effect on scale-free systems and its application

In a scale-free network,only a minority of nodes are connected very often,while the majority of nodes are connected rarely. However,what is the ratio of minority nodes to majority nodes resulting from the Matthew effect In this paper,based on a simple preferential random model,the poor-rich demarcation points are found to vary in a limited range,and form a poor-rich demarcation interval that approximates to k/m ∈ [3,4]. As a result,the (cumulative) degree distribution of a scale-free network can be divided into three intervals: the poor interval,the demarcation interval and the rich interval. The inequality of the degree distribution in each interval is measured. Finally,the Matthew effect is applied to the ABC analysis of project management.     

Consensus of Multi-Agent Systems with Prestissimo Scale-Free Networks

In this paper, the relations of the network topology and the moving consensus of multi-agent systems are studied. A consensus-prestissimo scale-free network model with the static preferential-consensus attachment is presented on the rewired link of the regular network. The effects of the static preferential-consensus BA network on the algebraic connectivity of the topology graph are compared with the regular network. The robustness gain to delay is analyzed for variable network topology with the same scale. The time to reach the consensus is studied for the dynamic network with and without communication delays. By applying the computer simulations, it is validated that the speed of the convergence of multi-agent systems can be greatly improved in the preferential-consensus BA network model with different configuration.     

Modeling Topology and Nonlinear Dynamical Behavior of the Weighted Scale-Free Networks

An improved weighted scale-free network, which has two evolution mechanisms： topological growth and strength dynamics, has been introduced. The topology structure of the model will be explored in details in this work. The evolution driven mechanism of Olami-Feder Christensen （OFC） model is added to our model to study the self-organlzed criticality and the dynamical behavior. We also.consider attack mechanism and the study of the model with attack is also investigated in this paper. We tlnd there are differences between the model with attack and without attack.     

Co-evolution of the brand effect and competitiveness in evolving networks

The principle that ‘the brand effect is attractive’ underlies the preferential attachment. Here we show that the brand effect is just one dimension of attractiveness. Another dimension is competitiveness. We firstly introduce a general framework that allows us to investigate the competitive aspect of real networks, instead of simply preferring popular nodes. Our model accurately describes the evolution of social and technological networks. The phenomenon that more competitive nodes become richer can help us to understand the evolution of many competitive systems in nature and society. In general,the paper provides an explicit analytical expression of degree distributions of the network. In particular, the model yields a nontrivial time evolution of nodes’ properties and the scale-free behavior with exponents depending on the microscopic parameters characterizing the competition rules. Secondly, through theoretical analyses and numerical simulations, we reveal that our model has not only the universality for the homogeneous weighted network, but also the character for the heterogeneous weighted network. Thirdly, we also develop a model based on the profit-driven mechanism. It can better describe the observed phenomenon in enterprise cooperation networks. We show that the standard preferential attachment,the growing random graph, the initial attractiveness model, the fitness model, and weighted networks can all be seen as degenerate cases of our model.     

Relaxation Dynamics in Condensation on Weighted Scale-Free Networks

Most of the realistic networks are weighted scale-free networks. How this structure influences the condensation on it is a challenging problem. Recently, we make a first step to discuss its condensation [Phys. Rev. E 74 （2006） 036101] and here we focus on its evolutionary process of phase transition. In order to show how the weighted transport influences the dynamical properties, we study the relaxation dynamics in a zero range process on weighted scale-free networks. We find that there is a hierarchical relaxation dynamics in the evolution and there is a scaling relation between the relaxation time and the jumping exponent. The relaxation dynamics can be illustrated by a mean-field equation. The theoretical predictions are confirmed by our numerical simulations.     

Multi-goal Control of Chaotic Connected Complex Networks

Beam transport network （BTN） with small world （SW） （so-called BTN-SW） and Lorenz chaotic connected network with scale-free （SF） are taken as two typical examples, we proposed a global linear coupling and combined with local error feedback methods in sub-networks to realize multi-goal control method of halo and chaos in two networks above. The simulation results show that the methods above is effective for any chaotic connected networks and has a potential of applications in based-halo-chaos secure communication.     

Weighted Evolving Networks with Self-organized Communities

In order to describe the self-organization of communities in the evolution of weighted networks, we propose a new evolving model for weighted community-structured networks with the preferential mechanisms functioned in different levels according to community sizes and node strengths, respectively. Theoretical analyses and numerical simulations show that our model captures power-law distributions of community sizes, node strengths, and link weights, with tunable exponents of v ≥ 1, γ 〉 2, and α 〉 2, respectively, sharing large clustering coefficients and scaling clustering spectra, and covering the range from disassortative networks to assortative networks. Finally, we apply our new model to the scientific co-authorship networks with both their weighted and unweighted datasets to verify its effectiveness.     

具有非均匀传输和抗攻击差异的网络病毒传播模型

针对实际网络中节点存在抗攻击差异以及边的非均匀传输等情况,基于平均场理论,提出具有抗攻击差异和非均匀传输特性的网络病毒传播平均场SIR模型.该模型中,通过引入脆弱性函数和传输函数,分别描述节点的抗攻击差异以及边的非均匀传输能力.通过对所提模型的分析,得到传播阈值的理论结果.理论分析和仿真表明,节点的抗攻击差异以及边的非均匀传输,都可导致出现正的传播阈值,使得病毒传播风险有效降低.     

Remarks on interpretations of the Eotvos experiment and misinterpretation of E=mc^2

The Eotvos experiment on the verification of equivalence between inertial mass and gravitational mass of a body is famous for its accuracy. A question is, however, can these experimental results be applied to the case of a physical space in general relativity, where the space coordinates could be arbitrary？ It is pointed out that it can be validly applied because it has been proven that Einstein＇s equivalence principle for a physical space must have a frame of reference with the Euclidean-like structure. Will claimed further that such an overall accuracy can be translated into an accuracy of the equivalence between inertial mass and each type of energy. It is shown that, according to general relativity, such a claim is incorrect. The root of this problem is due to an inadequate understanding of special relativity that produced the famous equation E=mc^2, which must be understood in terms of energy conservation. Concurrently, it is pointed out that this error is a problem in Will＇s book, ‘Theory and Experiment in Gravitational Physics＇.     

First-Principles Calculations of Atomic and Electronic Properties of T1 and In on Si（111）

The atomic and electronic structures of T1 and In on Si（111） surfaces are investigated using the firstprinciples total energy calculations. Total energy optimizations show that the energetically favored structure is 1/3 ML T1 adsorbed at the T4 sites on Si（111） surfaces. The adsorption energy difference of one T1 adatom between （√3 × √3） and （1 × 1） is less than that of each In adatom. The DOS indicates that TI 6p and Si 3p electrons play a very important role in the formation of the surface states. It is concluded that the bonding of TI adatoms on Si（111） surfaces is mainly polar covalent, which is weaker than that of In on Si（111）. So T1 atom is more easy to be migrated than In atom in the same external electric field and the structures of T1 on Si（111） is prone to switch between （√3 × √3） and （1 × 1）.     

Study on the pre-chopper in CSNS LEBT

Physical designing of the pre-chopper in CSNS LEBT is carried out, which includes the deflecting voltage, the length and the width of the deflecting plates, and the gap between the deflecting plates. The most outstanding feature of the design is that both the gap and the width vary with the beam envelope size. So both the requried deflecting voltage and the loaded capacitance are lowered. In order to avoid destruction of the space charge neutralization by the pre-chopper in the whole LEBT, an electron-trapping electrode is arranged to confine the electrostatic field of the pre-chopper to the local area. To examine the reliability of the pre-chopping design in CSNS LEBT, a similar pre-chopping design in ADS RFQ LEBT is set up and an experiment on the pre-chopper is prepared. 3-dimensional simulations are carried out to determine the loaded capacitance and the applied voltage of the electron-trapping electrode.     

Entropy of Quantum Dynamical Systems and Sufficient Families in Orthomodular Lattices with Bayessian State

The purpose of the present paper is to study the entropy hs（Ф） of a quantum dynamical systems Ф = （ L, s, Ф）, where s is a bayessian state on an orthomodular lattice L. Having introduced the notion of entropy hs（ Ф, A） of partition A of a Boolean algebra B with respect to a state s and a state preserving homomorphism Ф, we prove a few results on that, define the entropy of a dynamical system hs（Ф）, and show its invariance. The concept of sufficient families is also given and we establish that hs （Ф） comes out to be equal to the supremum of hs （Ф,A）, where A varies over any sufficient family. The present theory has then been extended to the quantum dynamical system （ L, s, Ф）, which as an effect of the theory of commutators and Bell inequalities can equivalently be replaced by the dynamical system （B, s0, Ф）, where B is a Boolean algebra and so is a state on B.     

Synchronization in a Mutualism Ecosystem Induced by Noise Correlation

Understanding the cause of the synchronization of population evolution is an important issue for ecological improvement. Here we present a Lotka-Volterra-type model driven by two correlated environmental noises and show, via theoretical analysis and direct simulation, that noise correlation can induce a synchronization of the mutualists. The time series of mutual species exhibit a chaotic-like fluctuation, which is independent of the noise correlation, however, the chaotic fluctuation of mutual species ratio decreases with the noise correlation. A quantitative parameter defined for characterizing chaotic fluctuation provides a good approach to measure when the complete synchronization happens.     

Metric of States

Metric of quantum states plays an important role in quantum information theory. In this letter, we find the deep connection between quantum logic theory and quantum information theory. Using the method of quantum logic, we can get a famous inequality in quantum information theory, and we answer a question raised by S. Gudder.     

Status and accuracy of the Monte Carlo generators for luminosity measurements

The status and accuracy of the precision Monte Carlo generators used for luminosity measurements at flavour factories is reviewed. It is shown that, thanks to a considerable, long-term effort in tuned comparisons between the predictions of independent programs, as well as in the validation of the generators against the presently available calculations of the next-to-next-to-leading order QED corrections to Bhabha scattering, the theoretical accuracy reached by the most precise tools is of about one per mille. This error estimate is valid for realistic experimental cuts, appears to be quite robust and is already sufficient for very accurate luminosity measurements. However, recent progress and possible advances to further improve it are also discussed.     

Beam tail effect of a performance-enhanced EC-ITC RF gun

The beam tail effect of multi-bunches will influence the electron beam performance in a high intensity thermionic RF gun. Beam dynamic calculations that illustrate the working states of single beam tail and multi-pulse feed-in of a performance-enhanced EC-ITC （external cathode independent tunable cavity） RF gun for an FEL （free electron laser） injector are performed to estimate the extracted bunch properties. By using both Parmela and homemade MATLAB codes, the effects of a single beam tail as well as interactions of multi-pulses are analyzed, where a ring-based electron algorithm is adopted to calculated RF fields and the space-charge field. Furthermore, the procedure of unexpected deviated-energy particles mixed with an effective bunch head is described by the MATLAB code as well. As a result, the performance-enhanced EC-ITC RF gun is proved to have the capability to extract continual stable bunches suitable for a high requirement THz-FEL.     

D^0D^0 mixing and other recent charm results from BABAR

Studies in which BABAR data have shown evidence for mixing in the neutral charm meson system are presented. A new measurement of the lifetime difference parameter ycp = （1.16±0.22±0.18）% is described. Results are also presented from a systematic study of DK and D＊K invariant mass distributions from a 470 fb^-1 sample of asymmetric e^＋e^- interactions recorded by the BABAR detector at the PEP-Ⅱ storage rings. A new charmed-strange meson has been observed with mass [3044 ± 8stat （-5^＋30 ）syst] MeV/c^2 and width [239± 35stat （-42^＋46）syst]MeV/c^2.     

Coordinated Control of Multi-Agent Systems with a Varying-Velocity Leader and Input Saturation

In this paper, we investigate a leader-following tracking problem for multi-agent systems with bounded inputs. We propose a distributed bounded protocol for each follower to track a leader whose states may not be completely measured. We theoretically prove that each agent can follow the leader with estimable track errors. Finally, some numerical simulations are presented to illustrate our theoretical results.     

Pattern recognition and data mining software based on artificial neural networks applied to proton transfer in aqueous environments

In computational physics proton transfer phenomena could be viewed as pattern classification problems based on a set of input features allowing classification of the proton motion into two categories： transfer ＇occurred＇ and transfer ＇not occurred＇. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the use of artificial neural networks in the classification of proton transfer events, based on the feed-forward back propagation neural network, used as a classifier to distinguish between the two transfer cases. In this paper, we use a new developed data mining and pattern recognition tool for automating, controlling, and drawing charts of the output data of an Empirical Valence Bond existing code. The study analyzes the need for pattern recognition in aqueous proton transfer processes and how the learning approach in error back propagation （multilayer perceptron algorithms） could be satisfactorily employed in the present case. We present a tool for pattern recognition and validate the code including a real physical case study. The results of applying the artificial neural networks methodology to crowd patterns based upon selected physical properties （e.g., temperature, density） show the abilities of the network to learn proton transfer patterns corresponding to properties of the aqueous environments, which is in turn proved to be fully compatible with previous proton transfer studies.     

Design and construction progress of BRIF

A new RIB project, the Beijing Radioactive Ion-beam Facility （BRIF）, has been running at CIAE since 2004. In this project, a 100 MeV H-cyclotron, CYCIAE-100, is selected as the driving accelerator providing a 75-100 MeV, 200-500 μA proton beam. An ISOL system employs two stage separators to reach the mass resolution of 20000. Its RIB beam will be injected into the existing Tandem and a superconducting booster installed down stream of the Tandem will increase the energy by 2 MeV/q. The progress of BRIF, giving special emphasis to CYCIAE-100, will be introduced in this paper.