凝胶-微乳液化学剪裁制备明胶复合Ni-Fe纳米微粒

用凝胶 微乳液化学剪裁技术制备了明胶包裹的复合纳米级铁 镍超细微粒。XRD、TEM、EDS测试表明 :微粒为明胶包裹球形超细微粒。微球的平均粒径为 5 3nm ,单个微粒的粒径为 2 5nm。每个复合微球中约有2 1个铁镍粒子 ,该复合微粒的比饱和磁化强度σs=33 76 (× 10 3 / 4πAm 2 ·g 1) ,矫顽力Hc =13381Am 1,剩磁σr=6 86 (× 10 3 / 4πAm 2 ·g 1) ,具有硬磁体的性质。X 射线衍射和X 射线能谱分析表明有Ni Fe合金相形成。     

纳米微粒的微乳液制备法

Ｗ／Ｏ微乳液制备纳米微粒是一新兴的研究领域。本文系统地介绍了乳浮液制备法的基本原理、微乳液“水池”中纳米微粒的鉴定方法、目前该领域的研究进展，并提出了适用于制备纳米微粒的微乳液体系的选择标准及该领域研究工作的展望。     

反相微乳液化学剪裁制备明胶-γ-Fe2O3纳米复合微粒

复合纳米微粒;反相微乳液化学剪裁制备明胶-γ-Fe2O3纳米复合微粒     

反相微乳液化学剪裁制备明胶-γ-Fe2O3纳米复合微粒

用反相微乳液化学剪裁技术制备了明胶包裹的复合 γ-Fe2 O3纳米量级超细微粒 .XRD、TEM、EDS、SEM和 IR测试表明 ,微粒为明胶包裹球形超细微粒 .微球的粒径为 1 .2～ 3 .2 μm,平均粒径约 2 .6μm,而微粒的粒径为 1 5 nm.每个复合微球中约有 80～ 2 1 3个氧化铁粒子 .该复合微粒的比饱和磁化强度 3 0 .3 44π ×1 0 3A/ m,矫顽力 Hc=62 0 7A/ m,剩磁 Br=2 .944π × 1 0 3A/ m.具有硬磁体的性质     

Span/Tween混合表面活性剂微乳液制备纳米铁及脱硝研究

研究了以Span 80和Tween 60为混合表面活性剂的微乳液的形成。以电导率及目测法为表征手段,利用正交试验,分析了多因素对W/O型微乳液最大增容水量的影响,探明了该乳液形成的适宜条件。     

助表面活性剂对阴/阳离子表面活性剂复配形成微乳液的影响

中相微乳液;盐度扫描;助表面活性剂对阴/阳离子表面活性剂复配形成微乳液的影响     

纳米氧化锌的微乳液法制备

纳米ZnO颗粒尺寸较小,比表面积较大,其粉体具有非常高的化学活性,表现出表面与界面效应、小尺寸效应、量子尺寸效应和宏观量子隧道效应.纳米ZnO在电、磁、光、热等方面具有一般ZnO所无法比拟的性能,广泛用于气体敏感材料、涂料和高效催化剂等许多领域.因而,制备高质量的纳米ZnO是非常重要的.     

单一及复合表面活性剂对联苯菊酯微乳液的影响

通过对单一及复合型表面活性剂水溶液临界胶束浓度(CMC)和表面张力(γcmc)的测定分析,研究了表面活性剂对以水为介质、环己酮为溶剂形成的联苯菊酯质量分数为2.5%微乳液相行为及稳定性的影响.结果表明,在几种单一非离子表面活性剂中,苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚嵌段型非离子表面活性剂EPE的γcmc最低,为28.18 mN/m;按m(EPE):m(SDBS)=2∶1形成的复合型表面活性剂水溶液的γcmc更低,为27.60 mN/m,有利于O/W型微乳液的形成,当其质量分数为10%时,配制联苯菊酯质量分数为2.5%微乳液的有效成分热贮分解率为2.35%.     

反相胶束微乳液法制备氧化钇纳米微晶

纳米结晶;反相胶束微乳液法制备氧化钇纳米微晶     

Cds纳米微粒的聚四氟乙烯多孔膜法制备及其表面修饰

硫化镉;Cds纳米微粒的聚四氟乙烯多孔膜法制备及其表面修饰;纳米粒;多孔膜;表面修饰;聚四氟乙烯     

CdS/TiO2复合纳米粒子的光学性质

在Brij35/正己醇/环己烷/水构成的反相微乳体系中，分别合成了CdS、TiO2纳米粒子和TiO2包覆CdS（CdS/TiO2）的复合纳米粒子.测定了它们的紫外-可见吸收和荧光光谱.结果表明， CdS/TiO2复合纳米粒子在可见光区的吸收比相应的两组分的吸收之和更强.纳米CdS和纳米TiO2均有较强的荧光.而且在相同浓度时纳米TiO2的荧光比纳米CdS的荧光更强.但在CdS/TiO2复合纳米粒子中，TiO2的荧光被淬灭，而CdS的荧光稍有降低.     

微乳液法合成沸石/介孔二氧化硅复合微球

利用简单微乳液自组装体系, 制备了介孔二氧化硅与Y型或Ti-MWW沸石晶体复合形成的沸石/介孔二氧化硅微球(ZMMS). 硅源正硅酸四丁酯与阳离子型季铵盐表面活性剂形成稳定的O/W微乳液形成大颗粒, 沸石颗粒由于疏水作用而进入油相, 同时, 季铵盐表面活性剂和正硅酸四丁酯组装形成介孔材料. 优化合成条件可以有效控制复合微球的沸石/介孔二氧化硅质量比(0～2.3)和直径(186～965 μm). 两种沸石/介孔二氧化硅复合微球材料的介孔孔径分别为3.98 nm(Y型沸石)和3.75 nm (Ti-MWW型沸石). Ti-MWW沸石/介孔二氧化硅复合微球在液相催化环氧化反应中表现出良好的机械强度, 并且能够达到与Ti-MWW沸石原粉相当的催化活性.     

Novel Synthesis of CeO2 Nanoparticles Within Formamide/Tri(ethyleneglycol)monododecyl Ether/n-Octane Nonaqueous Microemulsion Systems

The present study evaluates a new method to prepare Cerium oxide (CeO₂) nanoparticles by formamide/tri(ethyleneglycol)monododecyl ether (C₁₂E₃)/n-octane oil-continuous nonaqueous microemulsion. The effect of the polar phase (formamide/water) on the phase behavior, drop size, and conductivity behavior of the reverse microemulsion were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the phase and morphology of synthesized CeO₂ nanoparticles. It was found that the CeO₂ powders synthesized within nonaqueous microemulsions and aqueous microemulisons had an average particle size of 30–50 nm and 15–40 nm, respectively. The experimental results indicate the formation mechanism of CeO₂ nanoparticles in formamide nonaqueous microemulsion and aqueous microemulsion is similar, and the formamide nonaqueous microemulsion can be used as nanoreactors for preparation of nanoparticles.     

Hexagonal Nanoarchitecture of Composite Monolayer of Magnetite Nanoparticles and Geminus Surfactant 1,3‐Propylenebis(dodecyldimethylammonium) Dibromide

Negatively charged magnetite nanoparticles with an average size of about 10 nm have been synthesized by a chemical coprecipitation method using sodium dodecyl benzene sulphonate as a surface modifying reagent. Composite Langmuir monolayer of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and geminus surfactant 1,3‐propylenebis(dodecyldimethylammonium) dibromide (C₁₂‐C₃‐C₁₂) was prepared on the subphase of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle hydrosols. In the presence of the magnetite nanoparticles, the collapse pressure of the composite monolayer and the limited mean molecular area of C₁₂‐C₃‐C₁₂ are higher than those on pure water subphase. Transmission electron microscopy observation of a C₁₂‐C₃‐C₁₂/Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle complex shows that Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and geminus surfactant had an unexpected hexagonal nanoarchitecture at the air‐liquid interface when the surface pressure of the composite monolayer increased to about 12 mN·m^?1. A mechanism for constructing the particular nanopatterned configuration of the C₁₂‐C₃‐C₁₂/Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle complex in the Langmuir layer directly from the unique molecular structure of the geminus surfactant and the interfacial interactions between C₁₂‐C₃‐C₁₂ and the components in the subphase was proposed.     

微乳液一步法合成Fe3O4磁流体

微乳液一步法合成Fe3O4磁流体;微乳液;磁流体;拟三元相图;一步法     

磁场对复配乳化剂/苯胺微乳液聚合体系相行为的影响

首次在酸性条件下, 以十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)和聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚(TX-100)为复配乳化剂, 制备SDBS/TX-100/正丁醇(nBA)/苯胺(An)/盐酸(HCl)微乳液体系, 并通过该体系的拟三元相图, 考察了恒定磁场(0.4 T)、助表面活性剂(nBA)与复配乳化剂的质量比(K_m＝m_nBA/m_SDBS/TX-100)及SDBS与TX-100的质量比(S_m＝m_SDBS/m_TX-100)对复配乳化剂/苯胺微乳液聚合体系相行为和电导行为的影响. 结果表明: 随着K_m的增加, 微乳区面积先增大后减小, 当K_m＝1.0时, 形成的微乳区面积最大|随着S_m的减少, 微乳区面积逐渐增大|外加磁场可以增大微乳区面积, 且随着S_m的减小, 磁场对微乳液体系的作用逐渐减弱. 循环伏安的测试结果表明, 复合乳化剂微乳液法制备的聚苯胺, 其循环伏安性能优于单组分乳化剂(SDBS或TX-100)微乳液法制备的聚苯胺.     

微乳液聚合制备聚(甲基丙烯酸丁酯-乙烯基吡咯烷酮)纳米粒子

以BPO和FeSO4为氧化还原引发体系,使用非离子型的乳化剂吐温80,在低乳化剂浓度下(w<0.06)进行甲基丙烯酸丁酯和乙烯基吡咯烷酮的微乳液聚合,制备了粒径窄分布的纳米乳胶粒子。研究了微乳液聚合的引发方式、单体配比和单体加入方式对聚合反应、乳胶粒子粒径及其分布的影响,分析了界面引发微乳液聚合的机制。     

磁性纳米氧化铁与CdTe量子点相互作用的光谱学研究

采用荧光光谱及紫外-可见吸收光谱研究了不同条件下磁性纳米氧化铁(MION)与CdTe量子点的相互作用, 发现MION对CdTe量子点荧光有猝灭作用. 由Stern-Volmer方程分析得到MION与CdTe量子点结合反应的荧光猝灭速率常数K_q值为7.68×10¹⁵ mol•L^－1•s^－1, 结合紫外-可见吸收光谱进一步证实此过程为静态猝灭过程. 并由Lineweaver-Burk方程得到MION与CdTe量子点结合的热力学焓变(?H^?)值为21.6 kJ•mol^－1、熵变(?S^?)值为210.3 J• mol^－1•K^－1和自由能变(?G^?)值为－41.1 kJ•mol^－1 (298 K). 对其相互作用机理进行探讨, 结果表明MION对CdTe量子点作用为自发过程, 主要存在静电作用.     

LSGMC5含量对于二甲醚燃料电池复合Ni-Fe阳极性能的影响

用浸渍法制备了掺杂不同质量分数的La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.15Co0.05O3-δ (LSGMC5)粉末的Ni8-Fe2-LSGMC5复合阳极, 并采用交流阻抗和直流极化技术考察了以氢气和二甲醚为燃气时该复合阳极的电化学性能及相应电池的功率输出特性. 结果表明, 在电极中掺入LSGMC5 粉末, 能显著地改善电极的形貌和电极/电解质界面结构, 减小欧姆电阻和极化电阻. 电极中LSGMC5 粉末含量对于氢气及二甲醚电化学氧化性能的影响显著不同. 以二甲醚为燃气时, 电极极化电阻随LSGMC5 粉末含量的增加而减小, 其中LSGMC5 掺杂量为30%的复合阳极具有最高的电化学性能, 相应电池在1073、1023、973 K 时的输出功率分别为1.00、0.61、0.40 W·cm-2; 以氢气为燃气时, LSGMC5 掺杂量为20%的复合阳极具有最好的电化学性能, 随着LSGMC5 掺杂量的进一步增加, 电极极化电阻显著增大.     

Interfacial Behavior,Structure, and Thermodynamics of Water in Oil Microemulsion Formation in Relation to the Variation of Surfactant Head Group and Cosurfactant

Interfacial behavior, structural, and thermodynamic parameters in relation to the formation of water-in-oil (w/o) microemulsion (μE) with varied surfactant head groups and cosurfactants have been evaluated through dilution technique at different temperature and [water]/[surfactant] mole ratio. Dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), sodium dodecylsulphate (SDS), and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (Tween-20) were used as surfactants and n-butanol and n-pentanol were used as cosurfactants. Distribution of cosurfactants between bulk oil and the interface using fixed amount of surfactant at varied [water]/[surfactant] mole ratio and temperature has been studied to evaluate thermodynamic parameters. Associated structural parameters, such as droplet dimension and aggregation number of surfactant and cosurfactant at the droplet interface, have also been evaluated. Spontaneity of the μE formation followed the order DTAB>SDS>Tween-20 for both butanol and pentanol in the studied range of temperature. Correlations of the results in terms of the evaluated physicochemical parameters have been attempted.