Sum List Coloring Graphs

Let G=(V,E) be a graph with n vertices and e edges. The sum choice number of G is the smallest integer p such that there exist list sizes (f(v):v ∈ V) whose sum is p for which G has a proper coloring no matter which color lists of size f(v) are assigned to the vertices v. The sum choice number is bounded above by n+e. If the sum choice number of G equals n+e, then G is sum choice greedy. Complete graphs K_n are sum choice greedy as are trees. Based on a simple, but powerful, lemma we show that a graph each of whose blocks is sum choice greedy is also sum choice greedy. We also determine the sum choice number of K_2,n, and we show that every tree on n vertices can be obtained from K_n by consecutively deleting single edges where all intermediate graphs are sc-greedy.     

外平面图的全染色与列表全染色

本文证明了,如果G是满足条件Δ(G)≥4的外平面图,则x_T~L(G)=Δ(G) 1,同时对Δ(G)=3给出了XT(G)=Δ(G) 1的简短的新证明,从而蕴含Δ(G)≥3时,XT(G)=Δ(G) 1,其中XT(G)是G的点边全色数,x_T~L(G)是G的点边列表全色数。     

Sum choice numbers of some graphs

Let f be a function assigning list sizes to the vertices of a graph G. The sum choice number of G is the minimum ∑_v∈V(G)f(v) such that for every assignment of lists to the vertices of G, with list sizes given by f, there exists proper coloring of G from the lists. We answer a few questions raised in a paper of Berliner, Bostelmann, Brualdi, and Deaett. Namely, we determine the sum choice number of the Petersen graph, the cartesian product of paths , and the complete bipartite graph K_3,n.     

Partial Online List Coloring of Graphs

For a graph G, let be the maximum number of vertices of G that can be colored whenever each vertex of G is given t permissible colors. Albertson, Grossman, and Haas conjectured that if G is s‐choosable and , then . In this article, we consider the online version of this conjecture. Let be the maximum number of vertices of G that can be colored online whenever each vertex of G is given t permissible colors online. An analog of the above conjecture is the following: if G is online s‐choosable and then . This article generalizes some results concerning partial list coloring to online partial list coloring. We prove that for any positive integers , . As a consequence, if s is a multiple of t, then . We also prove that if G is online s‐choosable and , then and for any , .     

List Point Arboricity of Dense Graphs

Let G be a simple graph. The point arboricity ρ(G) of G is defined as the minimum number of subsets in a partition of the point set of G so that each subset induces an acyclic subgraph. The list point arboricity ρ _l (G) is the minimum k so that there is an acyclic L-coloring for any list assignment L of G which |L(v)| ≥ k. So ρ(G) ≤ ρ _l (G) for any graph G. Xue and Wu proved that the list point arboricity of bipartite graphs can be arbitrarily large. As an analogue to the well-known theorem of Ohba for list chromatic number, we obtain ρ _l (G + K _n ) = ρ(G + K _n ) for any fixed graph G when n is sufficiently large. As a consequence, if ρ(G) is close enough to half of the number of vertices in G, then ρ _l (G) = ρ(G). Particularly, we determine that , where K _2(n) is the complete n-partite graph with each partite set containing exactly two vertices. We also conjecture that for a graph G with n vertices, if then ρ _l (G) = ρ(G). Research supported by NSFC (No.10601044) and XJEDU2006S05.     

Equitable List Coloring of Graphs with Bounded Degree

A graph G is equitably k‐choosable if for every k‐list assignment L there exists an L‐coloring of G such that every color class has at most vertices. We prove results toward the conjecture that every graph with maximum degree at most r is equitably ‐choosable. In particular, we confirm the conjecture for and show that every graph with maximum degree at most r and at least r³ vertices is equitably ‐choosable. Our proofs yield polynomial algorithms for corresponding equitable list colorings.     

最大度为4的图的无圈列表边染色

对于图G=(V(G),E(G)),如果一个映射φ:E(G)→{1,2,…,k},使得G中任意相邻的两边e₁,e₂满足φ(e₁)≠φ(e₂),并且G中不含有双色圈,则称φ为G的一个无圈边染色.对于给定的列表分配L={L(e)|e∈E(G)},如果存在图G的一个无圈边染色φ,使得对于任意边e∈E(G),均有φ(e)∈L(e),则称染色φ为G的一个无圈L-边染色.如果对于任意的列表分配L,当对所有的边e∈E(G)满足|L(e)|≥k时,图G均存在无圈L-边染色,那么称G是无圈k-边可选的.使图G无圈k-边可选的最小的正整数k,称为G的无圈列表边色数,用a’_l(G)表示.本文证明了对于最大度△≤4的连通图G,如果|E(G)|≤2|V(G)|-1,则a’_l(G)≤6,扩展了Basavaraju和Chandran文[J.Graph Theory,2009,61(3):192-209]的结果.     

图的邻点可区别无圈边染色的一个界

图G的一个正常边染色被称作邻点可区别无圈边染色,如果G中无二色圈,且相邻点关联边的色集合不同.应用概率的方法得到了图G的一个邻点可区别无圈边色数的上界,其中图G为无孤立边的图.     

Coloring of Plane Graphs with Unique Maximal Colors on Faces

The Four Color Theorem asserts that the vertices of every plane graph can be properly colored with four colors. Fabrici and Göring conjectured the following stronger statement to also hold: the vertices of every plane graph can be properly colored with the numbers 1, …, 4 in such a way that every face contains a unique vertex colored with the maximal color appearing on that face. They proved that every plane graph has such a coloring with the numbers 1, …, 6. We prove that every plane graph has such a coloring with the numbers 1, …, 5 and we also prove the list variant of the statement for lists of sizes seven.     

Acyclic List Edge Coloring of Graphs

A proper edge coloring of a graph is said to be acyclic if any cycle is colored with at least three colors. An edge-list L of a graph G is a mapping that assigns a finite set of positive integers to each edge of G. An acyclic edge coloring ? of G such that for any is called an acyclic L-edge coloring of G. A graph G is said to be acyclically k-edge choosable if it has an acyclic L‐edge coloring for any edge‐list L that satisfies for each edge e. The acyclic list chromatic index is the least integer k such that G is acyclically k‐edge choosable. We develop techniques to obtain bounds for the acyclic list chromatic indices of outerplanar graphs, subcubic graphs, and subdivisions of Halin graphs.     

阿基米德图的面唯一极大染色

给定平面图G的一个正常κ-顶点染色φ:V(G)→{1,2,…,κ},若对G的每个面f,与f关联的顶点所染颜色的极大颜色在与f关联的顶点中仅出现一次,则称φ是图G的面唯一极大κ-染色.图G存在面唯一极大κ-染色的κ的最小值称为G的面唯一极大色数,记作χfum(G).本文研究了阿基米德图的面唯一极大色数,证得若图G是阿基米德图,则χfum(G)=4.     

蛛网图及渔网图的邻点可区别I-全染色

通过揭示完全蛛网图和渔网图的结构特点,研究了它们的邻点可区别I-全染色问题,并运用构造法给出了其邻点可区别I-全染色,从而获得了它们的邻点可区别I-全色数.     

若干笛卡尔积图的邻点可区别E-全染色

图G(V,E)的k是一个正整数,f是V(G)∪E(G)到{1,2,…,k}的一个映射,如果u,v∈V(G),则f(u)≠f(v),f(u)≠f(uv),f(v)≠f(uv),C(u)≠C(v),称f是图G的邻点可区别E-全染色,称最小的数k为图G的邻点可区别E-全色数.得到了Pm×Pn,Pm×Cn,Cm×Cn的邻点可区别E-全色数,其中C(u)={f(u)}∪{f(uv)uv∈E(G)}.     

圈的关联图的一般邻点可区别染色指标

给出了圈的关联图的一般邻点可区别色指标和一般邻点可区别全染色指标.     

List coloring of Cartesian products of graphs

A well-established generalization of graph coloring is the concept of list coloring. In this setting, each vertex v of a graph G is assigned a list L(v) of k colors and the goal is to find a proper coloring c of G with c(v)∈L(v). The smallest integer k for which such a coloring c exists for every choice of lists is called the list chromatic number of G and denoted by χ_l(G).We study list colorings of Cartesian products of graphs. We show that unlike in the case of ordinary colorings, the list chromatic number of the product of two graphs G and H is not bounded by the maximum of χ_l(G) and χ_l(H). On the other hand, we prove that χ_l(G×H)?min{χ_l(G)+col(H),col(G)+χ_l(H)}-1 and construct examples of graphs G and H for which our bound is tight.     

Acyclic Edge Coloring of Triangle‐Free Planar Graphs

An acyclic edge coloring of a graph is a proper edge coloring such that there are no bichromatic cycles. The acyclic chromatic index of a graph is the minimum number k such that there is an acyclic edge coloring using k colors and is denoted by a′(G). It was conjectured by Alon, Sudakov and Zaks (and much earlier by Fiamcik) that a′(G) ? Δ + 2, where Δ = Δ(G) denotes the maximum degree of the graph. If every induced subgraph H of G satisfies the condition |E(H)| ? 2|V(H)|?1, we say that the graph G satisfies Property A. In this article, we prove that if G satisfies Property A, then a′(G) ? Δ + 3. Triangle‐free planar graphs satisfy Property A. We infer that a′(G) ? Δ + 3, if G is a triangle‐free planar graph. Another class of graph which satisfies Property A is 2‐fold graphs (union of two forests). © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory     

Neighbor Sum Distinguishing Total Coloring of Triangle Free IC-planar Graphs

A graph is IC-planar if it admits a drawing in the plane such that each edge is crossed at most once and two crossed edges share no common end-vertex.A proper total-k-coloring of G is called neighbor sum distinguishing if∑_c(u)≠∑_c(v)for each edge uv∈E(G),where∑_c(v)denote the sum of the color of a vertex v and the colors of edges incident with v.The least number k needed for such a total coloring of G,denoted byχ∑"is the neighbor sum distinguishing total chromatic number.Pilsniak and Wozniak conjecturedχ∑"(G)≤Δ(G)+3 for any simple graph with maximum degreeΔ(G).By using the famous Combinatorial Nullstellensatz,we prove that above conjecture holds for any triangle free IC-planar graph with△(G)≥7.Moreover,it holds for any triangle free planar graph withΔ(G)≥6.     

List Coloring with a Bounded Palette

Král' and Sgall (J Graph Theory 49(3) (2005), 177–186) introduced a refinement of list coloring where every color list must be subset to one predetermined palette of colors. We call this ‐choosability when the palette is of size at most ? and the lists must be of size at least k . They showed that, for any integer , there is an integer , satisfying as , such that, if a graph is ‐choosable, then it is C‐choosable, and asked if C is required to be exponential in k . We demonstrate it must satisfy . For an integer , if is the least integer such that a graph is ‐choosable if it is ‐choosable, then we more generally supply a lower bound on , one that is super‐polynomial in k if , by relation to an extremal set theoretic property. By the use of containers, we also give upper bounds on that improve on earlier bounds if .     

若干冠图的邻点可区别V-全染色

应用构造染色函数法研究了冠图C_m·C_n、C_m·C_n的邻点可区别V-全染色.通过对P_m·C_n的邻点可区别V-全染色的研究巧妙给出了C_m·C_n邻点可区别V-全染色,并得到了这些图的邻点可区别V-全色数,从而验证了图的邻点可区别V-全染色猜想.