Cosmic microwave background polarization signals from tangled magnetic fields

Tangled, primordial cosmic magnetic fields create small rotational velocity perturbations on the last scattering surface of the cosmic microwave background radiation. For fields which redshift to a present value of B0 = 3 x 10(-9) G, these vector modes are shown to generate polarization anisotropies of order 0.1-4 microK on small angular scales (500相似文献   

Cosmic microwave background spectrum and G-varying cosmology

It is shown that G-varying cosmologies provide a better fit to the observed data on cosmic microwave background, than the standard Friedmann models.     

Cosmic microwave background radiation anisotropies and data analysis

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Cosmic microwave background and first molecules in the early universe

Besides the Hubble expansion of the universe, the main evidence in favor of the big-bang theory was the discovery, by Penzias and Wilson, of the cosmic microwave background (hereafter CMB) radiation. In 1990, the COBE satellite (Cosmic Background Explorer) revealed an accurate black-body behavior with a temperature around 2.7 K. Although the microwave background is very smooth, the COBE satellite did detect small variations—at the level of one part in 100 000—in the temperature of the CMB from place to place in the sky. These ripples are caused by acoustic oscillations in the primordial plasma. While COBE was only sensitive to long-wavelength waves, the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP)—with its much higher resolution—reveals that the CMB temperature variations follow the distinctive pattern predicted by cosmological theory. Moreover, the existence of the microwave background allows cosmologists to deduce the conditions present in the early stages of the big bang and, in particular, helps to account for the chemistry of the universe. This report summarizes the latest measurements and studies of the CMB with the new calculations about the formation of primordial molecules. The PLANCK mission—planned to be launched in 2009—is also presented.     

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第一讲 微波背景辐射的各向异性、偏振及宇宙电离的历史

文章对微波背景辐射的各向异性、偏振及宇宙电离的历史给出了评述性介绍.从大爆炸理论的预言,到观测的发现,到其各向异性及偏振的探测,微波背景辐射（CMB）向人们揭示了丰富的宇宙学信息.文章在对基本理论作了简单介绍后,着重讲述了最新的CMB的观测结果及其物理意义.特别对微波背景各向异性探测器（Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe, WMAP）的偏振观测及其对宇宙重新电离的限制给出了较详细的叙述.