Conversion of bright nondiffracting beams into dark nondiffracting beams by use of the topological properties of polarized light

We present a method for the generation of an axial phase dislocation on a wave front, which is induced by topological properties of polarized light. This effect is shown to be useful for conversion of bright nondiffracting beams into dark nondiffracting beams. Experiments showing the generation of dark nondiffracting beams have been performed.     

Higher-order stimulated Brillouin scattering with nondiffracting beams

We report on an experimental investigation of stimulated Brillouin scattering pumped with a Bessel beam. Owing to the extended interaction length along the diffraction-free propagation, higher-order Stokes components are generated in a bulk Brillouin-active medium with odd and even orders propagating in opposite directions. The spatial, spectral, and temporal properties of the interacting waves are discussed.     

无衍射特殊光束的产生与三维表征

无衍射光束(如贝塞尔光束、艾里光束)因具有无衍射、自愈合的特性, 在很多领域都有广泛的应用. 本文提出使用纯相位型空间光调制器对光场的复振幅进行调控, 从而可以产生多种复杂模式的无衍射光束, 如强度可独立调控的多个零阶贝塞尔光束, 两个高阶贝塞尔光束干涉生成的花瓣状无衍射光束, 具有多个主瓣的加速光束等特殊的无衍射光束. 通过在待测焦场附近放置一个平面反射镜, 使其沿光轴快速扫描光场, 并由数字相机同步拍摄反射回来的一系列二维光场强度分布信息, 可实现对无衍射光束三维光场强度分布的快速测量和表征. 本实验方法和技术可以快速产生各种复杂的特殊光场并获得其精确的三维可视化重建效果, 在光学显微、光学俘获、光学微加工等领域有潜在的应用价值.     

Reconfigurable directional couplers and junctions optically induced by nondiffracting Bessel beams

We put forward the concept of reconfigurable structures optically induced by mutually incoherent nondiffracting Bessel beams in Kerr-type nonlinear media. We address collinear couplers and X junctions and show how one can tune the switching properties of such structures by varying the intensity of the Bessel beams.     

Generation of nondiffracting Bessel beams by use of a spatial light modulator

A laser beam with phase singularities is an interesting object to study in optics and may have important applications in guiding atoms and molecules. We explore the characteristics of a singularity in a nondiffracting Bessel beam experimentally by use of a programmable spatial light modulator with 64-level phase holograms. The diffraction efficiency with 64-level phase holograms is greatly improved in comparison with that obtained with a binary grating. The experiments show that the size and deflection angle of the beam can be controlled in real time. The observations are in agreement with scalar diffraction theory.     

Interference of intersecting singular beams

A vorticity of the light field created by interference of two intersecting Laguerre–Gaussian singular beams is analysed. It is demonstrated that the number and location of the vortices present in the field depend on the propagation length as well as on the topological charges of the individual beams, their intersection angle and amplitude ratio.     

Interference patterns of two non-diffracting beams

The interference field of two non-diffracting beams is derived analytically. We arrange the experiments with an axicon illuminated by two monochromatic oblique beams. Based on the diffraction properties of an axicon in the case of oblique illumination, the intensity distribution of interference pattern was calculated, and it was demonstrated to be the superposition of zero-order Bessel functions. The locus of interference fringes is also analyzed to be hyperbola according to the zero formula of zero-order Bessel function. The experimental results are verified the numerical simulation.     

Combination resonance of beams under traveling follower load systems

The regions of simple parametric and combination resonances of a thin walled beam under a sequence of equidistant follower loads moving at constant speed are estimated by using the stability criterion with the characteristic exponent, and the effects on the combination resonance of load mass, speed and frequency of load are examined.     

Interference of light beams modulated in anti-phase

A double slit experiment has been performed in which the condition that only one slit was open at any instant of time was satisfied approximately. The intensity of the light was such that (a) the time between the detection of successive photons contributing to any fringe was much less than the transit time of the photons through the interferometer, and (b) the electro-optic shutters were switched several times between the detection of quanta. The light source used was a He-Ne laser and the modulation was obtained using a single ADP crystal. The theoretical background to the experimental method is given and the experimental results are shown.     

Interference with beams sheared in orthogonal axes

Modifications to a cyclic interferometer have been made in order to obtain interference with lateral displacement, or linear compression, of the wavefronts in orthogonal axes. The interference patterns recorded with these shears are compared to the interference patterns obtained with conventional lateral and linear compressive shears.     

Interference of a pair of symmetric Collett-Wolf beams

We present a study of the interference of light produced by a pair of mutually correlated Gaussian Schell-model sources. The spatial distributions of the fields produced by these sources are symmetric with respect to a plane through their common center and differ by a phase factor exp(i phi). When phi = 0, the resulting radiation is a beam with an intensity distribution that displays a narrow bright line at its center. When the sources can be regarded as Collett-Wolf sources, the resulting bright line diverges much more slowly than the beam itself. When phi = pi the radiated beam has an intensity distribution with a narrow dark line at its center. The theoretical results are supported by experimental results obtained by use of a modified Michelson interferometer and suggest that the interference of a pair of correlated Collett-Wolf beams can be used to produce a pseudo-nondiffracting beam.     

Interference law for coherent stochastic electromagnetic beams

Two-beam interference law for the superposition of stochastic, spatially coherent, electromagnetic beams is derived. Only a single phase is found to enter the interference law, in spite of the vector nature of the problem. The meaning of the phase is elucidated.     

稀疏阵列交叉波束相干信号空间功率合成（英）

以稀疏阵相干信号干涉合成原理为基础,建立了相干信号空间功率合成数学模型。基于合成效率的概念,推导分析了交叉波束下波束交叉角度与目标点合成效率的关系。设计了栅基实验,对实验中栅格尺度的选定原则进行了推算分析,为利用计算机无失真地复现多点源功率合成能量分布规律打下了理论基础。通过仿真分析了波束交叉角度对有效功率点分布的影响。结果表明,在多点源与目标点等距、各点源频率相同、极化方向一致的情况下,目标点合成效率仅与空间中各点源之间夹角有关。当波束交叉时,有效功率点密集度与波束交叉角度有关。     

Parabolic nondiffracting optical wave fields

We demonstrate the existence of parabolic beams that constitute the last member of the family of fundamental nondiffracting wave fields and determine their associated angular spectrum. Their transverse structure is described by parabolic cylinder functions, and contrary to Bessel or Mathieu beams their eigenvalue spectrum is continuous. Any nondiffracting beam can be constructed as a superposition of parabolic beams, since they form a complete orthogonal set of solutions of the Helmholtz equation. A novel class of traveling parabolic waves is also introduced for the first time.     

稀疏阵列交叉波束相干信号空间功率合成（英）

以稀疏阵相干信号干涉合成原理为基础,建立了相干信号空间功率合成数学模型。基于合成效率的概念,推导分析了交叉波束下波束交叉角度与目标点合成效率的关系。设计了栅基实验,对实验中栅格尺度的选定原则进行了推算分析,为利用计算机无失真地复现多点源功率合成能量分布规律打下了理论基础。通过仿真分析了波束交叉角度对有效功率点分布的影响。结果表明,在多点源与目标点等距、各点源频率相同、极化方向一致的情况下,目标点合成效率仅与空间中各点源之间夹角有关。当波束交叉时,有效功率点密集度与波束交叉角度有关。     

Dynamic stability of thin walled beams under traveling follower load systems

It is found that the perturbation equation of motion of a thin walled beam under a traveling follower load system becomes Hill's equation and that parametrically excited unstable coupled vibration occurs. The boundary frequency equations of the simple parametric resonance, from which the unstable regions are estimated, are obtained by Bolotin's method. Stability maps of a simply supported beam are shown, with account taken of the effects of load mass and damping.     

Thermal calcium atom interferometer comprised of three copropagating traveling laser beams

Received: 24 March 1998/Revised version: 2 June 1998