Stationary discontinuity and flutter instability of wave propagation in elasto-plastic saturated porous media

In the present work a model based on the Biot theory for simulating coupled hydrodynamic behavior in saturated porous media is utilized with integration of the inertial coupling effect between the solid-fluid phases of the media into the model. The non-associated Drucker-Prager criterion to describe nonlinear constitutive behavior of pressure dependent elasto-plasticity for the media is particularly considered. With no consideration of compressibility of solid grains and the pore fluid, the discontinuity and instability of the wave propagation in saturated porous media are analyzed for the plane strain problems in detail. The critical conditions of stationary discontinuity and flutter instability in the wave propagation are given. The results and conclusions obtained by the present work will provide some bases or clues for overcoming the difficulties in numerical modeling of wave propagation in the media subjected to dynamic loading. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (19832010)     

Finite element analysis of wave propagation in fluid-saturated porous media

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正交各向异性含液饱和多孔介质中应力波的传播

基于Biot的孔隙介质理论，研究了正交各向异性含液饱和多孔介质中应力波的传播特性．本文引入动态渗透率，导出了整个实频域内应力波传播的复特征方程及其解析解，给出了各种应力波成分的波速和衰减的解析表达武，计算了频散曲线和衰减曲线，并讨论了各类应力波之间的耦合关系及介质的各向异性对应力波传播的影响．     

Wave propagation in fractured porous media

A theory of wave propagation in fractured porous media is presented based on the double-porosity concept. The macroscopic constitutive relations and mass and momentum balance equations are obtained by volume averaging the microscale balance and constitutive equations and assuming small deformations. In microscale, the grains are assumed to be linearly elastic and the fluids are Newtonian. Momentum transfer terms are expressed in terms of intrinsic and relative permeabilities assuming the validity of Darcy's law in fractured porous media. The macroscopic constitutive relations of elastic porous media saturated by one or two fluids and saturated fractured porous media can be obtained from the constitutive relations developed in the paper. In the simplest case, the final set of governing equations reduce to Biot's equations containing the same parameters as of Biot and Willis.Now at Izmir Institute of Technology, Anafartalar Cad. 904, Basmane 35230, Izmir, Turkey.     

Spherical wave propagation in saturated soils

I.IntroductionSaturatedsoilistheonecommonlyencounteredinengineeringandfluid-solidcoupledmedium.Forsimplicity,saturatedsoilisoftentreatedasone-phasemediumfortheanalysisofdynamicresponse.Itisreasonabletotakeintoaccounttwo-phase(solidandfluid)fordynamicresponseofsoils.SinceBolt'stheoryonwavepropagationanddynamicconsolidationofsaturatedsoilswerefounded(Bolt,1941,Bolt,1956),agreatprogresshasbeendeveloped.inthefieldofdynamicanalysisofsaturatedsoils.Halpern(1986)presentedsteady-statevibrationrespon…     

Characteristic analysis for stress wave propagation in transversely isotropic fluid-saturated porous media

According to generalized characteristic theory, a characteristic analysis for stress wave propagation in transversely isotropic fluid-saturated porous media was performed. The characteristic differential equations and compatibility relations along bicharacteristics were deduced and the analytical expressions for wave surfaces were obtained. The characteristic and shapes of the velocity surfaces and wave surfaces in the transversely isotropic fluid-saturated porous media were discussed in detail. The results also show that the characteristic equations for stress waves in pure solids are particular cases of the characteristic equations for fluid-saturated porous media.     

Scaling mixing during miscible displacement in heterogeneous porous media

This paper discusses scaling of mixing during miscible flow in heterogeneous porous media. In large field systems dispersivity appears to depend on system length due to heterogeneities. Three types of scaling are discussed to investigate the heterogeneous effects. Dimensional analysis of mixing during flow through geometerically scaled heterogeneous models is illustrated using measured dispersion. Fractal analysis of mixing in statistically scaled heterogeneous porous media is discussed. Analog scaling of pressure transients in heterogeneous porous media is suggested as an in-situ method of estimating dispersion.Notation L Length - M mass - t time, (1) indicates dimensionless - a dispersivity (L) - V local velocity (L/t) - c concentration (l). - v velocity (L/t) - C₁ fluid compressibility (Lt²/M) - v time averaged velocity (LJt) - D dispersion VA) - W width (L) - D fractional dimension (1) - x coordinate (L) - d Euclidean dimension (1) - Y Y=In \-k (l) - \-d average particle size (L) - y coordinate (L) - g acceleration due to gravity (L/t2) - _c fractal cutoff (L) - \-k average permeability (L2) - viscosity (LM/t) - L length (L) - porosity (1) - L correlation scale (1/L) - density (N/L³) - N Number of sites (l) - ² variance (dimension depends on variable) - p pressure (W/t²L) - spectral exponent (l) - [R] randomnumber (1) - r radius (L) - t time (t)     

A wavelet finite-difference method for numerical simulation of wave propagation in fluid-saturated porous media

In this paper, we consider numerical simulation of wave propagation in fluidsaturated porous media. A wavelet finite-difference method is proposed to solve the 2-D elastic wave equation. The algorithm combines flexibility and computational efficiency of wavelet multi-resolution method with easy implementation of the finite-difference method. The orthogonal wavelet basis provides a natural framework, which adapt spatial grids to local wavefield properties. Numerical results show usefulness of the approach as an accurate and stable tool for simulation of wave propagation in fluid-saturated porous media.     

Fast Fourier homogenization for elastic wave propagation in complex media

In the context of acoustic or elastic wave propagation, the non-periodic asymptotic homogenization method allows one to determine a smooth effective medium and equations associated with the wave propagation in a given complex elastic or acoustic medium down to a given minimum wavelength. By smoothing all discontinuities and fine scales of the original medium, the homogenization technique considerably reduces meshing difficulties as well as the numerical cost associated with the wave equation solver, while producing the same waveform as for the original medium (up to the desired accuracy). Nevertheless, finding the effective medium requires one to solve the so-called “cell problem”, which corresponds to an elasto-static equation with a finite set of distinct loadings. For general elastic or acoustic media, the cell problem is a large problem that has to be solved on the whole domain and its resolution implies the use of a finite element solver and a mesh of the fine scale medium. Even if solving the cell problem is simpler than solving the wave equation in the original medium (because it is time and source independent, based on simple tetrahedral meshes and embarrassingly parallel) it is still a challenge. In this work, we present an alternative method to the finite element approach for solving the cell problem. It is based on a well-known method designed by H. Moulinec and P. Suquet in 1998 in structural mechanics. This iterative technique relies on Green functions of a simple reference medium and extensively uses Fast Fourier Transforms. It is easy to implement, very efficient and relies on a simple regular gridding of the medium. Through examples we show that the method gives excellent results, even, under some conditions, for discontinuous media.     

Body wave propagation in rotating elastic media

We investigate the propagation of elastic waves through an elastic medium submitted to an angular rotation Ω. Wave propagation is shown to be directly related to the Kibel number Ki=ω/Ω, where ω is the wave frequency. Two dispersive waves W₁ and W₂ are obtained which tend to the classical dilatational and shear waves, respectively, when Ki tends to infinity. Wave W₁ shows a cutoff frequency ω_c=Ω below which it does not propagate. The case of small angular rotation Ω is also studied. The corrections to be introduced to dilatational and shear waves are then shown to be of order O(Ki⁻¹).     

Shock waves in saturated thermoelastic porous media

The objective of this paper is to develop and present the macroscopic motion equations for the fluid and the solid matrix, in the case of a saturated porous medium, in the form of coupled, nonlinear wave equations for the fluid and solid velocities. The nonlinearity in the equations enables the generation of shock waves. The complete set of equations required for determining phase velocities in the case of a thermoelastic solid matrix, includes also the energy balance equation for the porous medium as a whole, as well as mass balance equations for the two phase. In the special case of a rigid solid matrix, the wave after an abrupt change in pressure propagates only through the fluid.     

On dispersive propagation of surface waves in patchy saturated porous media

Frequency-dependent velocity and attenuation for Rayleigh-wave propagation along a vacuum/patchy saturated porous medium interface are investigated in the low frequency band (0.1–1000 Hz). Conventional patchy saturation models for compressional waves are extended to account for Rayleigh wave propagation along a free surface. The mesoscopic interaction of fluid and solid phases, as a dominant loss mechanism in patchy saturated media, significantly affects Rayleigh-wave propagation and attenuation. Researches on the dispersion characteristics at low frequencies with different gas fractions in patchy saturated media also demonstrate a strong correlation between the Rayleigh-wave mode and the fast compressional wave. Especially, the strongest attenuation with the maximum value of 1/Q$1/Q$ for Rayleigh waves are obtained in the frequency range of 1–200 Hz. Numerical results show that the significant dependence of velocity and attenuation on frequencies and gas fractions presents a distinctive dynamical response of Rayleigh waves in the time domain.     

A hyperbolic mathematical modeling for describing the transition saturated/unsaturated in a rigid porous medium

This work proposes a mathematical model to study the filling up of an unsaturated porous medium by a liquid identifying the transition from unsaturated to saturated flow and allowing a small super saturation. As a consequence the problem remains hyperbolic even when saturation is reached. This important feature enables obtaining numerical solution for any initial value problem and allows employing Glimm’s scheme associated with an operator splitting technique for treating drag and viscous effects. A mixture theory approach is used to build the mechanical model, considering a mixture of three overlapping continuous constituents: a solid (porous medium), a liquid (Newtonian fluid) and a very low-density gas (to account for the mixture compressibility). The constitutive assumption proposed for the pressure gives rise to a continuous function of the fluid fraction. The complete solution of the Riemann problem associated with the system of conservation laws, as well as four examples, considering all the four possible connections, namely, 1-shock/2-shock, 1-rarefaction/2-rarefaction, 1-rarefaction/2-shock and 1-shock/2-rarefaction are presented.     

Multiresolution Symplectic Scheme for wave propagation in complex media

A fast adaptive symplectic algorithm named Multiresolution Symplectic Scheme (MSS) was first presented to solve the problem of the wave propagation (WP) in complex media, using the symplectic scheme and Daubechies‘ compactly supported orthogonal wavelet transform to respectively discretise the time and space dimension of wave equation. The problem was solved in multiresolution symplectic geometry space under the conservative Hamiltonian system rather than the traditional Lagrange system. Due to the fascinating properties of the wavelets and symplectic scheme, MSS is a promising method because of little computational burden, robustness and reality of long-time simulation.     

Thawing in saturated porous media

A mathematical model for thawing in a saturated porous medium is considered. The well-posedness of the corresponding mathematical problem is proved and similarity solutions are found.

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Sommario Si considera un modello matematico per to scongelamento in un mezzo poroso saturo. Viene dimostrata la buona posizione del corrispondente problema matematico e si trovano soluzioni di similarità.

     

流体饱和多孔介质黏弹性动力人工边界

基于Biot流体饱和多孔介质本构方程,分别考察具有辐射阻尼性质的外行柱面波和球 面波在圆柱面和球面人工边界上引起的法向、切向应力的表达式. 在应力表达形式上,固相 介质和孔隙流体的法向和切向应力都是由两项组成,它们分别与质点的位移和速度成正比, 因此,可在人工边界的法向和切向设置连续分布的并联弹簧------黏滞阻尼器,用来模拟人工边 界以外的无限域介质对来自有限计算域的外行波动的能量吸收作用,从而形成了流体饱和多 孔介质的黏弹性动力人工边界. 流体饱和多孔介质的黏弹性动力人工边界可方便地与大型通 用软件结合,用于分析饱和土中复杂的结构-地基动力相互作用问题. 算例表明流体饱和多 孔介质黏弹性动力人工边界具有较好的精度和稳定性.     

Perturbation growth and localization in fluid-saturated inelastic porous media under quasi-static loadings

Instabilities in inelastic saturated porous media are investigated here for general three-dimensional states under quasi-static loadings using a perturbation approach and focussing in particular on the two limiting cases of the onset of growth and of blowing up of perturbations.For associative flow rules for the skeleton, both onset of growth and blowing up of perturbations depend only on the underlying drained properties. Unbounded growth is obtained when the condition of localization for the underlying drained deformation (singularity of the drained acoustic tensor) is approached or just passed. Onset of growth has always a divergence growth character and critical conditions are always associated to the shortwavelength regime leading to the fact that the failure mode is expected to be a localized one.For non-associative behaviour of the skeleton we show in contrast that the onset of growth and unbounded growth may be defined either by the drained or undrained properties. One or the other depends on the details of the constitutive behaviour but also on the type of loadings. In particular, unbounded growth occurs when either the condition of localization under drained or undrained conditions is first passed. Transition from decaying to growing behaviour may have a divergence character or flutter-type character. Here the critical conditions are associated either to the shortwavelength or to the longwavelength regimes and therefore the failure mode may be localized or diffuse.The hierarchy between criticality of drained and undrained properties is analysed for a general class of constitutive equations and the results are fully and explicitly illustrated for saturated porous media with skeleton obeying Drucker-Prager like constitutive model.     

非均匀吸收介质中地震波的广义传播矩阵解法

本文在复频域内,通过应用混合变量粘弹性波方程和线性常微分方程组的指数矩阵解法,给出了一种计算非均匀吸收介质中地震波传播的广义传播矩阵解法。该方法适用于各种粘弹性模型,可模拟任意震源及所产生的各种体波、面波,数值结果表明具有很高的计算精度。     

Low-frequency dilatational wave propagation through unsaturated porous media containing two immiscible fluids

An analytical theory is presented for the low-frequency behavior of dilatational waves propagating through a homogeneous elastic porous medium containing two immiscible fluids. The theory is based on the Berryman–Thigpen–Chin (BTC) model, in which capillary pressure effects are neglected. We show that the BTC model equations in the frequency domain can be transformed, at sufficiently low frequencies, into a dissipative wave equation (telegraph equation) and a propagating wave equation in the time domain. These partial differential equations describe two independent modes of dilatational wave motion that are analogous to the Biot fast and slow compressional waves in a single-fluid system. The equations can be solved analytically under a variety of initial and boundary conditions. The stipulation of “low frequency” underlying the derivation of our equations in the time domain is shown to require that the excitation frequency of wave motions be much smaller than a critical frequency. This frequency is shown to be the inverse of an intrinsic time scale that depends on an effective kinematic shear viscosity of the interstitial fluids and the intrinsic permeability of the porous medium. Numerical calculations indicate that the critical frequency in both unconsolidated and consolidated materials containing water and a nonaqueous phase liquid ranges typically from kHz to MHz. Thus engineering problems involving the dynamic response of an unsaturated porous medium to low excitation frequencies (e.g., seismic wave stimulation) should be accurately modeled by our equations after suitable initial and boundary conditions are imposed.     

考虑耦合质量影响的饱和多孔介质动力响应分析的显式有限元法

根据Biot饱和多孔介质动力方程,采用解耦技术,提出了考虑耦合质量Pd影响的饱和多孔介质中动力响应分析的显式有限元法。文中建立并推导了显式有限元的公式,编制了相应的计算程序并进行了实例计算。计算结果与解析解进行了对比,两者符合很好,表明本文方法是处理饱和多孔介质动力问题的一种有效方法。文中还分析了耦合质量ρa对固相和液相动位移的影响。