Wedge Products and Cotensor Coalgebras in Monoidal Categories

The construction of the cotensor coalgebra for an “abelian monoidal” category which is also cocomplete, complete and AB5, was performed in Ardizzoni et al. (Comm Algebra 35(1):25–70, 2007). It was also proved that this coalgebra satisfies a meaningful universal property which resembles the classical one. Here the lack of the coradical filtration for a coalgebra E in is filled by considering a direct limit of a filtration consisting of wedge products of a subcoalgebra D of E. The main aim of this paper is to characterize hereditary coalgebras , where D is a coseparable coalgebra in , by means of a cotensor coalgebra: more precisely, we prove that, under suitable assumptions, is hereditary if and only if it is formally smooth if and only if it is the cotensor coalgebra if and only if it is a cotensor coalgebra , where N is a certain D-bicomodule in . Because of our choice, even when we apply our results in the category of vector spaces, new results are obtained. This paper was written while A. Ardizzoni was member of G.N.S.A.G.A. with partial financial support from Mi.U.R.     

Covering Coalgebras and Dual Non-singularity

Localisation is an important technique in ring theory and yields the construction of various rings of quotients. Colocalisation in comodule categories has been investigated by some authors (see Jara et al., Commun. Algebra, 34(8):2843–2856, 2006 and Nastasescu and Torrecillas, J. Algebra, 185:203–220, 1994). Here we look at possible coalgebra covers π : D → C that could play the rôle of a coalgebra colocalisation. Codense covers will dualise dense (or rational) extensions; a maximal codense cover construction for coalgebras with projective covers is proposed. We also look at a dual non-singularity concept for modules which turns out to be the comodule-theoretic property that turns the dual algebra of a coalgebra into a non-singular ring. As a corollary we deduce that hereditary coalgebras and hence path coalgebras are non-singular in the above sense. We also look at coprime coalgebras and Hopf algebras which are non-singular as coalgebras.     

Subgroups of the Brauer Group of a Cocommutative Coalgebra

We introduce Shur and projective Schur subgroup of the Brauer group of a cocommutative coalgebra by means of twisted cogroup coalgebras and we study their properties. In particular we show that these subgroups are always torsion (in contrast with the whole Brauer group). Moreover, when C is coreflexive and irreducible both subgroups coincide with the coradical ones. We illustrate the theory with several examples.     

Cotensor Coalgebras in Monoidal Categories

We introduce the concept of cotensor coalgebra for a given bicomodule over a coalgebra in an Abelian monoidal category ?. If ? is also cocomplete, complete, and AB5, we show that such a cotensor coalgebra exists and satisfies a meaningful universal property which resembles the classical one. Here the lack of the coradical filtration is filled by considering a direct limit of a filtration consisting of wedge products. We prove that this coalgebra is formally smooth whenever the comodule is relative injective and the coalgebra itself is formally smooth.     

Homological Dimension of Coalgebras and Crossed Coproducts

Let H be a Hopf k-algebra. We study the global homological dimension of the underlying coalgebra structure of H. We show that gl.dim(H) is equal to the injective dimension of the trivial right H-comodule k. We also prove that if D = C H is a crossed coproduct with invertible , then gl.dim(D) gl.dim(C) + gl.dim(H). Some applications of this result are obtained. Moreover, if C is a cocommutative coalgebra such that C ^* is noetherian, then the global dimension of the coalgebra C coincides with the global dimension of the algebra C ^*.     

Valued Gabriel quiver of a wedge product and semiprime coalgebras

We describe the valued Gabriel quiver of a wedge product of coalgebras and study the category of comodules of a semiprime coalgebra. In particular, we prove that any monomial semiprime k-tame fc-tame coalgebra is string. We also prove a version of Eisenbud-Griffith theorem for coalgebras, namely, any hereditary semiprime strictly quasi-finite coalgebra is serial.     

On the Derived Invariance of Cohomology Theories for Coalgebras

We study the derived invariance of the cohomology theories Hoch ^*, H ^* and HC ^* associated with coalgebras over a field. We prove a theorem characterizing derived equivalences. As particular cases, it describes the two following situations: (1) f: CD a quasi-isomorphism of differential graded coalgebras, (2) the existence of a cotilting bicomodule _C T _D . In these two cases we construct a derived-Morita equivalence context, and consequently we obtain isomorphisms Hoch ^*(C)Hoch ^*(D) and H ^*(C)H ^*(D). Moreover, when we have a coassociative map inducing an isomorphism H ^*(C)H ^*(D) (for example, when there is a quasi-isomorphism f: CD), we prove that HC ^*(C)HC ^*(D).     

Quasi-co-Frobenius Coalgebras. II

Abstract

We prove new characterizations of Quasi-co-Frobenius (QcF) coalgebras and co-Frobenius coalgebras. Among them, we prove that a coalgebra is QcF if and only if C generates every left and every right C-comodule. We also prove that every QcF coalgebra is Morita-Takeuchi equivalent to a co-Frobenius coalgebra.     

The Splitting Problem for Coalgebras: A Direct Approach

In this note we give a new and elementary proof of a result of Năstăsescu and Torrecillas (J. Algebra, 281:144–149, 2004) stating that a coalgebra C is finite dimensional if and only if the rational part of any right module M over the dual algebra is a direct summand in M (the splitting problem for coalgebras). Research supported by a CNCSIS BD-type grant, and by the bilateral project BWS04/04 “New Techniques in Hopf Algebra Theory and Graded Ring Theory” of the Flemish and Romanian governments.     

The structure theorem for weak module coalgebras

Let H be a weak Hopf algebra, let C be a weak right H-module coalgebra, and let $ \bar C = {C \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {C C}} \right. \kern-0em} C} \cdot Ker \sqcap ^L $ . We prove a structure theorem for weak module coalgebras, namely, C is isomorphic as a weak right H-module coalgebra to a weak smash coproduct $ \bar C $ × H defined on a k-space $$ \{ \Sigma c_{(0)} \otimes h_2 \varepsilon (c_{( - 1)} h_1 )|c \in C,h \in H\} $$ if there exists a weak right H-module coalgebra map ?: C → H.     

When is a Coalgebra a Generator?

Let C be a coalgebra over a field k. The aim of this paper is to study the following problem : (P) If C is a k-coalgebra such that C is a generator for the category of left comodules, is C a left quasi-co-Frobenius coalgebra ? The converse always holds. We show that if C has a finite coradical series, the answer is positive.     

Cofree Compositions of Coalgebras

We develop the notion of the composition of two coalgebras, which arises naturally in higher category theory and in the theory of species. We prove that the composition of two cofree coalgebras is again cofree, and we give sufficient conditions that ensure the composition is a one-sided Hopf algebra. We show that these conditions are satisfied when one coalgebra is a graded Hopf operad ${\mathcal{D}}$ and the other is a connected graded coalgebra with coalgebra map to ${\mathcal{D}}$ . We conclude by computing the primitive elements for compositions of coalgebras built on the vertices of multiplihedra, composihedra, and hypercubes.     

CoHochschild homology of chain coalgebras

Generalizing the work of Doi and of Idrissi, we define a coHochschild homology theory for chain coalgebras over any commutative ring and prove its naturality with respect to morphisms of chain coalgebras up to strong homotopy. As a consequence we obtain that if the comultiplication of a chain coalgebra C is itself a morphism of chain coalgebras up to strong homotopy, then the coHochschild complex admits a natural comultiplicative structure. In particular, if K is a reduced simplicial set and C_∗K is its normalized chain complex, then is naturally a homotopy-coassociative chain coalgebra. We provide a simple, explicit formula for the comultiplication on when K is a simplicial suspension.The coHochschild complex construction is topologically relevant. Given two simplicial maps g,h:K→L, where K and L are reduced, the homology of the coHochschild complex of C_∗L with coefficients in C_∗K is isomorphic to the homology of the homotopy coincidence space of the geometric realizations of g and h, and this isomorphism respects comultiplicative structure. In particular, there is an isomorphism, respecting comultiplicative structure, from the homology of to H_∗L|K|, the homology of the free loops on the geometric realization of K.     

Representation-Directed Incidence Coalgebras of Intervally Finite Posets and the Tame-Wild Dichotomy

Incidence coalgebras C = K ^□ I of intervally finite posets I that are representation-directed are characterized in the article, and the posets I with this property are described. In particular, it is shown that the coalgebra C = K ^□ I is representation-directed if and only if the Euler quadratic form q _C : ?^(I) → ? of C is weakly positive. Every such a coalgebra C is tame of discrete comodule type and gl. dimC ≤ 2. As a consequence, we get a characterization of the incidence coalgebras C = K ^□ I that are left pure semisimple in the sense that every left C-comodule is a direct sum of finite dimensional subcomodules. It is shown that every such coalgebra C = K ^□ I is representation-directed and gl. dimC ≤ 2. Finally, the tame-wild dichotomy theorem is proved, for the coalgebras K ^□ I that are right semiperfect.     

Smooth noncompact operators from <Emphasis Type="Italic">C</Emphasis>(<Emphasis Type="Italic">K</Emphasis>), <Emphasis Type="Italic">K</Emphasis> scattered

Let X be a Banach space, K be a scattered compact and T: B _C(K) → X be a Fréchet smooth operator whose derivative is uniformly continuous. We introduce the smooth biconjugate T**: B _C(K)** → X** and prove that if T is noncompact, then the derivative of T** at some point is a noncompact linear operator. Using this we conclude, among other things, that either is compact or that ℓ₁ is a complemented subspace of X*. We also give some relevant examples of smooth functions and operators, in particular, a C ^1,u -smooth noncompact operator from B _{c O} which does not fix any (affine) basic sequence. P. Hájek was supported by grants A100190502, Institutional Research Plan AV0Z10190503.     

Cancellation Problems and Dimension Theory

In this note, we study the global dimension of coalgebras and discuss the class of coalgebras of global dimension less or equal to 1. The coalgebras in this class, which contains all the cosemisimple coalgebras, are called hereditary coalgebras. If C is a finite dimensional coalgebra, then C is hereditary if and only if C (the convolution algebra of C) is a hereditary algebra. Any direct sum of hereditary coalgebras is hereditary too. This gives us many examples of infinite dimensional hereditary coalgebras. A coalgebra is left hereditary if and only if it is right hereditary. Moreover, there do not exist hereditary Hopf algebras of finite dimension which are not cosemisimple.     

On the wedge product and coprime coalgebras

The wedge product of subcoalgebras of a coalgebra can be used to define coprime coalgebras. On the other hand, coprime elements in the big lattice of preradicals in module categories also lead to the definition of coprime modules. Considering a coalgebra C as a module over its dual algebra C*, this yields another notion of coprimeness for coalgebras. Under special conditions, the two definitions coincide. __________ Translated from Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Matematika, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 45–49, 2005.     

Ergodic Retraction Theorem and Weak Convergence Theorem for Reversible Semigroups of Non-Lipschitzian Mappings

Let G be a semitopological semigroup. Let C be a closed convex subset of a uniformly convex Banaeh space E with a Frechet differentiable norm, and T = {Tt ： t ∈ G} be a continuous representation of G as nearly asymptotically nonexpansive type mappings of C into itself such that the common fixed point set F（T） of T in C is nonempty. It is shown that if G is right reversible, then for each almost-orbit u（.） of T, ∩s∈G ^-CO{u（t） ： t ≥ s} ∩ F（T） consists of at most one point. Furthermore, ∩s∈G ^-CO{Ttx ： t ≥ s} ∩ F（T） is nonempty for each x ∈ C if and only if there exists a nonlinear ergodic retraction P of C onto F（T） such that PTs - TsP = P for all s ∈ G and Px ∈^-CO{Ttx ： s ∈ G} for each x ∈ C. This result is applied to study the problem of weak convergence of the net {u（t） ： t ∈ G} to a common fixed point of T.     

Upper Triangular Operator Matrices, SVEP and Browder, Weyl Theorems

A Banach space operator T ∈ B(χ) is polaroid if points λ ∈ iso σ(T) are poles of the resolvent of T. Let denote, respectively, the approximate point, the Weyl, the Weyl essential approximate, the upper semi–Fredholm and lower semi–Fredholm spectrum of T. For A, B and C ∈ B(χ), let M _C denote the operator matrix . If A is polaroid on , M ₀ satisfies Weyl’s theorem, and A and B satisfy either of the hypotheses (i) A has SVEP at points and B has SVEP at points , or, (ii) both A and A* have SVEP at points , or, (iii) A^* has SVEP at points and B ^* has SVEP at points , then . Here the hypothesis that λ ∈ π₀(M _C ) are poles of the resolvent of A can not be replaced by the hypothesis are poles of the resolvent of A. For an operator , let . We prove that if A* and B* have SVEP, A is polaroid on π ^a ₀(M _C) and B is polaroid on π ^a ₀(B), then .