反相液相色谱法测定万氏牛黄清心丸中栀子苷、黄芩苷和盐酸小檗碱

1引言万氏牛黄清心丸由牛黄、朱砂、黄连、黄芩、栀子和郁金六味中药组成。2005年版中国药典(一部)中对该药的含量测定项仅规定了朱砂和黄连,而对丸中重要有效成分栀子苷和黄芩苷的含量测定没做相应规定。2实验部分2.1仪器和试剂1100型HPLC仪,含DAD UV-V is检测器、Chem statio     

RP-HPLC法测定3种中药复方制剂中的黄芩苷

采用反相高效液相色谱法分离测定芩连片、复方鱼腥草片、槐角丸3种中药复方制剂中的黄芩苷。以ODS柱为固定相,甲醇 水(V(甲醇)∶V(水)=60∶40,H3PO4调至pH2 5)作流动相,检测波长275nm,黄芩苷检出限为5.03ng,并在6 03～102.48μg mL范围内呈线性关系,回收率97.0%～99.9%。     

黄芩中黄芩苷的亚临界水提取及高效液相色谱分析

建立了黄芩药材中黄芩苷的亚临界水提取 高效液相色谱测定方法。分别考察了温度、压力、提取时间、提取物颗粒度、溶剂比等因素对提取量的影响,并与有机溶剂提取法比较。结果表明,当两者具有相同的提取效果时,亚临界水提取法的提取时间及提取溶剂的消耗量大大减少,避免了使用有机溶剂造成的污染。黄芩苷提取最佳条件为:样品颗粒度80～100目,溶剂比0.2 mL/mg ,5 MPa,130 ℃保持10 min。并通过提取 高效液相色谱联机分析实现了对提取物的实时监测。该技术有望成为从中药材中提取脂溶性成分的有效方法。     

微波助提取及HPLC检测杜仲叶中的绿原酸

本文分别用微波辅助提取、超声助提取、冷凝回流提取、室温冷浸提取4种方法提取杜仲叶中的绿原酸,并将4种提取方法进行比较,用反相高效液相色谱法检测其含量。实验采用日本岛津C18(15 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱,V(甲醇)∶V(水)∶V(冰醋酸)=60∶40∶0.3为流动相,流速为0.8 mL/min,紫外检测波长为332 nm,进样体积为10μL。实验结果表明:绿原酸在4.07×10-4~2.22μg范围内线性关系良好,回收率为103.22%(RSD=1.28%)。本法具有良好的精密度、重现性,结果准确可靠,可作为杜仲药材及绿原酸类产品的质量控制方法。     

万氏牛黄清心丸中黄芩甙及小檗碱的高效液相色谱条件优化及分离测定

用高效液相色谱法（ＨＰＬＣ）分离测定万氏牛黄清心丸中的黄芩甙和小檗碱组分,建立了色谱优化指标ＮＣＲＦ,用均匀设计法设计色谱条件进行实验,并对实验结果进行逐步多元回归分析,获得最佳色谱条件为乙腈：水＝２５：７５;ｐＨ２．６０,含０．７％三乙胺。色谱柱为ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＣ＿（１８）,５μ（２５０×４．６ｍｍ）,结果令人满意。     

固相萃取/超高效液相色谱法测定龙胆泻肝丸中栀子苷、龙胆苦苷与黄芩苷

建立了一种快速测定龙胆泻肝丸中栀子苷、龙胆苦苷和黄芩苷3种有效成分的超高效液相色谱方法。样品经50%甲醇提取,C18固相萃取(SPE)小柱净化后,采用Ultimate XB-C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×50 mm,1.8μm)进行分离,以乙腈-0.1%磷酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱。考察了不同规格色谱柱、流动相梯度比例、进样体积、柱温和流速对分离效果的影响,并对SPE柱流出液的平衡体积进一步考察,在最佳分析条件下进行液相色谱分析,该方法显示了良好的线性关系(r≥0.999 8),其定量下限(LOQ)为0.24～0.44 mg/L,加标回收率为95%～99%。该方法快速、准确,可满足实际检测需要。     

高效液相色谱-管碟法联合分析牛黄解毒片中抑菌物质黄芩苷、甘草苷

联合运用高效液相色谱法和管碟法分析牛黄解毒片中抑菌物质黄芩苷、甘草苷。以Diamonsil C₁₈柱(250mm×4.6 mm,5μm)为分析柱,0.15%磷酸水溶液为流动相A、乙腈为流动相B,流量为1.0 mL/min,检测波长为280nm,柱温为30℃,进样体积为10μL。采用高效液相色谱法测定12批不同厂家的牛黄解毒片,记录色谱图;运用《中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统》(2012年版)建立指纹图谱,并进行相似度评价和共有峰指认。采用管碟法,以阿莫西林为对照,测定牛黄解毒片对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性;使用SPSS 21.0软件对牛黄解毒片的抑菌活性指标值与指认峰峰面积进行灰色关联度分析。建立高效液相色谱指纹图谱,12批不同厂家牛黄解毒片的相似度均不低于0.937,并确认甘草苷与黄芩苷为共有峰;甘草苷的灰色关联度值为0.696,黄芩苷的灰色关联度值为0.680。黄芩苷与甘草苷是牛黄解毒片中的2种抑菌物质。     

加压毛细管电色谱在芎菊上清片中栀子苷及黄芩苷分离检测中的应用

采用加压毛细管反相电色谱技术,建立了一种用于分离检测芎菊上清片中栀子苷和黄芩苷的高效简便新方法。色谱柱为EP-100-20/45-3 C18毛细管柱(总长度45 cm,有效长度20 cm,直径为100μm,ODS填料内径3μm),柱温为25℃,流动相采用20 mmol/L Na H2PO4-乙腈(71∶29),流动相的总流速为0.035m L/min,分离电压为+2.0 k V,检测波长为240 nm。经等度洗脱,栀子苷和黄芩苷可实现快速分离,峰面积的相对标准偏差(RSD)不大于2.8%,回收率为91.9%~101.2%,测得该芎菊上清片中栀子苷的含量为2.616 mg/g,黄芩苷的含量为11.220 mg/g。该方法的选择性好、柱效高、试剂用量少,用于芎菊上清片中黄芩苷和栀子苷的分离检测,结果满意。     

微波辅助提取-高效液相色谱法测定苦参中5种苦参生物碱的含量

取粒径在0.18～0.25mm的药材粉末于提取罐中,用水作提取剂,在110℃、压力为15MPa、功率为780W的条件下进行微波提取(PMAE)5min,经离心后取上清液为提取液。提取液经无水乙醇处理提纯后得到待测物的甲醇溶液,从中分取部分溶液按选定条件用液相色谱-质谱(LC-MS)联用做定性分析,用高效液相色谱(HPLC)做定量分析。LC-MS结果表明:提取液中含有氧化苦参碱、氧化槐果碱、槐定碱、苦参碱和槐果碱,与其它3种提取方法比较,PMAE的提取率高且提取时间短。HPLC定量时,采用C18色谱柱,以不同比例的甲醇、乙腈和0.1%氨水溶液(pH 10.3)的混合溶液作流动相进行梯度淋洗,可分离上述5种生物碱,以峰面积和浓度间的线性关系进行定量。5种生物碱的回收率在93.9%～101.0%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在0.53%～2.6%之间。     

微波法提取连翘苷的工艺研究

以连翘叶为原料,连翘苷含量为检测指标,以提取溶剂、液料比、微波功率、提取时间为因素,采用四因素三水平L9(34)正交设计优选出连翘苷的最佳提取条件。结果表明,最佳提取条件为用液料比10∶1的75%乙醇微波(300 W)提取3次,每次120 S,得到连翘苷含量为0.52%。提取工艺合理可行,稳定可靠。     

微波辅助萃取与超声波萃取丹参中丹酚酸B的比较研究

本文对微波辅助萃取和超声波萃取丹参中丹酚酸B进行了比较研究,并用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定了丹参中丹酚酸B.考察了微波辅助萃取和超声波萃取参数的影响,在各自最佳萃取条件下进行了丹参中的丹酚酸B提取率的比对,结果表明:微波辅助萃取6 min的提取率高于超声波萃取30 min的提取率.微波辅助萃取法与超声波萃取法相比具有省时、高效和溶剂用量少的特点.利用指纹图谱比较了两种萃取方式提取的化学成分的差异,结果显示两种萃取方法提取的主要成分组成基本相同,其共有成分比例相近.     

月桂酰基苹果酸酯胶束电动色谱-质谱法同时测定牛黄上清片中5种生物碱

建立了基于月桂酰基苹果酸酯的胶束电动色谱-质谱法同时分离测定牛黄上清片中黄连碱、小檗碱、药根碱、黄柏碱以及川芎嗪5种有效成分含量的新方法。以7.5 mmol/L月桂酰基苹果酸酯-15 mmol/L氨水-50 mmol/L醋酸铵(含12.5%的乙腈,pH=7.0)为电泳介质,未涂层弹性石英毛细管(88 cm×50 μm)为分离通道,50%异丙醇水溶液(含3 mmol/L乙酸)为鞘液,在25 kV的运行电压下,各组分可以在18 min内得到基线分离。各组分的浓度与其峰面积呈现良好的线性关系,迁移时间和峰面积的相对标准偏差均小于5%,样品中5种生物碱成分的样品加标回收率在96.0%～105%之间。该法简便、快速、准确、重现性好,可用于牛黄上清片中这5种有效成分含量的同时测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定感冒止咳颗粒中黄芩苷的含量

采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法,用C18色谱柱,甲醇-水-冰乙酸为(55:45:1,V/V/V)流动相,在波长276 nm处测定感冒止咳颗粒中黄芩苷的含量.黄芩苷在0.101～1.01μg范围内与峰面积有良好的线性关系(r=0.9998),平均回收率为100.26%,相对标准偏差为1.52%(n=6).该法操作简便,分析速度快,结果准确,可用于感冒止咳颗粒中黄芩苷含量的测定.     

L-半胱氨酸衍生物配体交换手性色谱固定相

应用密闭微波萃取装置对芦荟中的有效成分芦荟甙进行了微波萃取研究,并利用透射电子显微镜对微波萃取机理进行了初步探讨,讨论了不同萃取剂、溶剂浓度、萃取时间和微波功率等对提取率的影响,在萃取剂为乙醇-水体系,溶剂（乙醇）体积分数为70％、萃取时间为4min及微波功率为340W的条件下,萃取效果最佳,与索氏提取及超声波萃取法相比,本法具有萃取速度快、提取率高及溶剂用量少等特点。     

微波辅助-顶空液相微萃取/高效液相色谱分析水样中的邻硝基苯酚

建立了基于微波辅助-顶空液相微萃取在线联用、高效液相色谱法测定水样中邻硝基苯酚的分析方法。采用L16(45)正交实验设计对影响萃取的各种因素,如萃取有机溶剂、微波辐射功率、萃取时间、离子强度、样品液体积,进行了优化。优化后萃取条件为,以乙酸丁酯作为萃取溶剂,功率和时间分别为100W和12min条件下,离子强度为0的样品溶液体积为20mL。在优化萃取条件下,邻硝基苯酚的检出限LOD(S/N=3)为0.94μg/L,萃取富集倍数为30,实际水样的加标回收率为85.2%。理论分析和实验结果表明,微波辅助-顶空液相微萃取在线联用方法具有简便、快速、高效、节省溶剂、选择性好、应用范围广的特点。     

微波辅助提取-高效液相色谱分析制备鸡骨草中相思子碱和下箴刺桐碱的研究

建立了鸡骨草中相思子碱和下箴刺桐碱的微波辅助提取-高效液相色谱(MAE-HPLC)分析方法.优化得到的最佳微波辅助提取条件为:以25%甲醇为溶剂、固液比1:10(m/V)、提取温度50℃、提取时间10 min.分析了广东、广西等7个不同产地鸡骨草中相思子碱和下箴刺桐碱含量,其中相思子碱含量范围0.03～0.84 mg/...     

Eco-friendly and Cleaner Process Using Online Microwave-assisted Steam Extraction Coupled with Solid-phase Extraction for Trace Analysis of Sulfonamides in Animal Feed

An environmentally friendly method for extracting sulfonamides(SAs) residues from animal feed was described and applied. The method used online microwave-assisted steam extraction coupled with solid phase extraction(MASE-SPE), which was followed by the analysis using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS). The SAs residues were extracted successively with water steam under microwave irradiation, and thus directly introduced into an SPE column containing cation-exchange resin. The SAs were then eluted with methanol-ammonia(90:10, volume ratio) from the SPE column and followed by HPLC-MS/MS. The limits of detection(LODs) for the analytes ranged from 0.24 ng/g to 0.49 ng/g. The limits of quantification(LOQs) ranged from 0.82 ng/g to 1.63 ng/g. Average recoveries of SAs were 76.3%-92.1%. The developed method was a reliable and environmentally friendly alternative to previous methods with respect to time, solvent and labor consumption for the analysis of SAs in animal foodstuffs.     

Microwave-assisted Extraction of Rutin and Quercetin from Flos Sophorae

Three microwave-assisted extraction(MAE) procedures were studied. The first procedure was household microwave oven dynamic extraction(HMODE). The second procedure was special microwave oven bath extraction (SMOBE). The third procedure was microwave resonant cavity dynamic extraction (MRCDE). The results obtained by the three microwave-assisted extraction procedures were compared with those obtained by using traditional Soxhlet extraction. The results indicate that the MAE not only took a shorter time, but also simplified the procedure, and made the extraction a higher yield. At the same time the results obtained by the three MAE procedures were also compared with each other.     

Determination of Explosives in Water Using Disposable Pipette Extraction and High Performance Liquid Chromatography

The use of disposable pipette extraction was examined for the simple and rapid determination of seven high explosives (cyclotrimethyl-enetrinitramine, cyclotetramethyl-enetetranitramine, 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl-methylnitramine, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, nitroglycerin, and pentaerythritol tetranitrate) in water. The current study involved the determination of slightly polar and nonpolar explosives in water with a reversed phase sorbent followed by high performance liquid chromatography. The method was based on a styrene divinylbenzene sorbent loosely placed inside a 5-mL pipette tip. Water samples were drawn into the tip and mixed with the sorbent. Air bubbles were also drawn through the tip following sample solution to enhance mixing. Because disposable pipette extraction uses small amounts of sorbent, minimal solvent is required to elute analytes and solvent evaporation is not necessary. The method provided rapid sample preparation, and required less than five minutes to extract 1.0 mL of water sample in the current study. Matrix-matched calibration was performed, and the limits of detection (LOD) were determined to be below 0.1 µg mL^?1 for all targeted explosives in water with an enrichment factor of two. Coefficients of determination (r²) were greater than 0.9990 for all studied explosives, and the recoveries ranged from 69.76% to 87.51%, 83.77% to 91.25%, and 83.62% to 98.99% for samples spiked at 0.25 µg mL^?1, 1.0 µg mL^?1, and 5.0 µg mL^?1, respectively. The relative standard deviations of recoveries at all spiked levels were below 8.97%. These results indicate that the disposable pipette extraction method provided good accuracy and precision for the determination of explosives in water.