影响中学生数学成绩因素的通径分析

用绵阳市 6 0 0名初中学生构成样本 ,采用J¨oreskog提出的线性结构方程式模型理论 ,以及J¨oreskog和S¨orbom开发的软件系统LIREL8.3对调查的资料进行分析。结果表明 :用 2 0个显在变量和 10个隐在变量研究影响中学生数学成绩的因素 ,最后有 13个显在变量入选构成外生模型 ,有 7个隐在变量变量入选构成内生模型。Homeback、Attitud、Views、EQ、IQ和Class这 6个内生的隐在变量对中学生的数学成绩均存在不同程度的影响 ,其中以Attitud、Homeback、IQ和EQ对数学成绩的贡献最大。内生模型中 6个内生的隐在变量的R2 的平均值为 0 .2 0 ,该模型中数学成绩(Mathachi)这一变量中可预测的方差占到了 4 1% (R2 =0 .4 1) ,将这两者结合起来考虑 ,所建立的模型应当是比较有说服力的。     

Students’ reflections on their learning experiences: lessons from a longitudinal study on the development of mathematical ideas and reasoning

This paper characterizes the views on mathematical learning of five high school students based on the students’ reflections on their mathematical experiences in a longitudinal study that focused on the development of mathematical ideas and reasoning in particular research conditions. The students’ views are presented according to five themes about learning which describe the students’ views on the nature of knowledge and what it means to know, source of knowledge, motivation to engage in learning, certainty in knowing, and how the students’ views vary with particular areas of mathematical activity. The study addresses the need for more research on epistemological beliefs of students below college age. In particular, the results provide evidence that challenge the existing assumption that, prior to college, students exhibit naïve epistemological beliefs.