Complete N-Qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger States Analysis Assisted by Frequency Degree of Freedom

We present an efficient and simple protocol to unambiguously distinguish 2^N mutual orthogonal N-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states in polarization degree of freedom assisted by the frequency one. This scheme is based on N single photon Bell state measurements, which can be implemented non-locally. The success probability is 100% in principle and our scheme is feasible with current technology. All the advantages make our protocol meaningful and practical in quantum information processing.     

Efficient Polarization Entanglement Distribution for W State Assisted by Frequency Degree of Freedom

We present an efficient faithful polarization entanglement distribution protocol for W state over an arbitrary noise channel,which use the frequency degree of freedom to carry the entanglement during the transmission.We describe the transmission of three-photon W state as an example,and then generalize this scheme to n-qubit W state situation.The remote parties can obtain maximally entangled W states on the polarization of photons,and the success probability is 100% in principle.As there was few entanglement purification for W state,our scheme is an efficient and practical method to share W state entanglement between distant parties,which will be useful in quantum communication.We also show that our scheme can be used to distribute arbitrary multi-particle entangled state.     

应用不确定度原理分析光纤端部位置不确定度

将不确定度原理应用于光纤端部位置不确定度分析,对影响被测量不确定度的输入分量如ＣＣＤ本身特性、Ａ／Ｄ转换器精度、环境温度、光源电压波动按Ａ、Ｂ类标准不确定度进行讨论,并与由实验直接测得被测量所得不确定度进行了比较,以证明分析讨论的可靠性。     

转动自由度对10.6MeV/u 84Kr+27Al反应中裂变前粒子增强发射的影响

在统计模型的框架内研究了In核在三维空间的转动自由度对 1 0 .6和8.5MeV/u84Kr+ 2 7Al碰撞裂变前粒子发射的影响 .发现对后一个轰击能 ,断前粒子发射不敏感于转动自由度 ;对前一个能量 ,转动自由度的引入使提取的裂变延迟时间从 2 0× 1 0 - 2 1s减少到 7.5× 1 0 - 2 1s,表明了它对裂变前粒子蒸发的影响 ,计算结果也表明仅有转动自由度并不能完全解释In核的断前粒子增强发射现象 .发现了转动自由度在粒子发射中所起的作用对系统的激发能有一定的依赖关系 .     

Low Energy Effective Action for Dilatonic Braneworld —A Formalism for Inflationary Braneworld—

We derive the low energy effective action for the dilatonic braneworld. In the case of the single-brane model, we find the effective theory is described by the Einstein-scalar theory coupled to the dark radiation. Remarkably, the dark radiation is not conserved in general due to a coupling to the bulk scalar field. The effective action incorporating Kaluza-Klein (KK) corrections is obtained and the role of the AdS/CFT correspondence in the dilatonic braneworld is revealed. In particular, it is shown that CFT matter would not be confined to the braneworld in the presence of the bulk scalar field. The relation between our analysis and the geometrical projection method is also clarified. In the case of the two-brane model, the effective theory reduces to a scalar-tensor theory with a non-trivial coupling between the radion and the bulk scalar field.     

Laser Alignment Techniques for Simultaneously Measuring Five Degree of freedom Deviations of the Object

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Derivation of Effective Chiral Lagrangian Involving PSGB and Vector Bosons from QCD

The effective chiral Lagrangian for a matter field content consisting of pseudo-scalar Goldstone bosons and vector bosons (with hidden symmetry) is derived from the underlying QCD theory. No approximations are made. All the free parameters of the effective chiral Lagrangian are expressed in terms of QCD-based Green's functions. These may be regarded as the QCD definitions of these Lagrangian coefficients.     

Essay: Quantum Field Theory Is Not Merely Quantum Mechanics Applied to Low Energy Effective Degrees of Freedom

It is commonly assumed that quantum field theory arises by applying ordinary quantum mechanics to the low energy effective degrees of freedom of a more fundamental theory defined at ultra-high-energy/short-wavelength scales. We shall argue here that, even for free quantum fields, there are holistic aspects of quantum field theory that cannot be properly understood in this manner. Specifically, the subtractions needed to define nonlinear polynomial functions of a free quantum field in curved spacetime are quite simple and natural from the quantum field theoretic point of view, but are at best extremely ad hoc and unnatural if viewed as independent renormalizations of individual modes of the field. We illustrate this point by contrasting the analysis of the Casimir effect, the renormalization of the stress-energy tensor in time-dependent spacetimes, and anomalies from the point of quantum field theory and from the point of view of quantum mechanics applied to the independent low energy modes of the field. Some implications for the cosmological constant problem are discussed.     

The 1/Nc Expansion in Hadron Effective Field Theory

We study the N_c scalings of pion-nucleon and nucleon-nucleon scatterings in hadron effective field theory. By assuming Witten's counting rules are applied to matrix elements or scattering amplitudes, which use the relativistic normalization for the nucleons, we find that the nucleon axial coupling g_A is of order N_c0, and a consistent large N_c counting can be established for the pion-nucleon and nucleon-nucleon scatterings. We also justify the nonperturbative treatment of the low energy nucleon-nucleon interaction with the large N_c analysis and find that the deuteron binding energy is of order 1=N_c.     

ZM模型中零点能修正对核子有效质量的影响

基于ZM模型,讨论了真空零点能的贡献.认为真空零点能不能简单地丢掉,所以零点能中与温度相关的有限部分被分离了出来,并具体讨论了在核物质中这一零点能修正对核子有效质量的影响,发现在高温时它有着非平庸的贡献.     

低飞小目标电视跟踪作用距离的分析

结合长期从事光电跟踪仪器研制的实践，针对低飞小目标远距离跟踪测量的特点，从跟踪信号的大小及其对比度两个方面分析了它们对电视作用距离的影响。深入探讨了目标穿越电视视场产生的动态对比度及其对作用距离的影响。并提出采用电子快门和光谱匹配技术提高目标信号对比度，提高电视跟踪作用距离的方法。     

Hydrogen Degree of Dissociation in a Low Pressure Tandem Plasma Source

ABSTRACT

Hydrogen dissociation degree in an inductively-driven tandem plasma source, operating at low pressure, is measured by applying optical actinometry method with an argon gas as actinometer. The gas temperature, a parameter in the investigations, is obtained from the rotational temperature, analyzing the intensity distribution of the Fulcher-α band. Several actinometric pairs are used for examining the dissociation degree and its pressure dependence. The influence?on the results?of the difference in the excitation cross sections for argon, commonly accepted, is analyzed. Two suitable actinometric pairs are proposed, one of which can also be applied for fast monitoring of the dissociation degree.     

二维声学极化子的基态能量和有效质量

自陷电子对了解光电材料的光学性质非常重要.近些年来,形变晶格中电子自陷的问题受到研究人员的广泛关注.电子既与声学模耦合,也与光学模相互作用,但电子由自由态向自陷态的转变缘于近程的电子-声学声子耦合.研究表明:声学极化子在大多数半导体以及Ⅲ-Ⅴ族化合物,甚至碱卤化物中都不可能自陷.另一方面,电子-声子耦合在束缚结构,如二维、一维系统中,会有所增强.换言之,电子在低维结构中更容易自陷.Farias等人指出:声学极化子在二维系统中自陷的临界电子-声子耦合常数为定值,不随声子截止波矢的变化而改变.这种结论在物理上不尽合理.通过计算二维系统中的声学极化子基态能量和有效质量,讨论了二维声学极化子自陷问题.研究发现,二维声学极化子自陷转变的临界耦合常数随声子截止波矢的增加朝电子-声子耦合较弱的方向变化.这一特征与前人关于体和表面极化子研究获得的结论定性一致.所得二维声学极化子基态能量的表达式与Farias等人一致,但自陷的结果与Farias等人的结果在定性和定量上均有不同,我们认为Farias等人关于二维声学极化子自陷转变点的确定方式有不妥之处.通过改进自陷转变点的确定方式,得到了在物理上更合理的结果.     

QCD One-Loop Effective Coupling Constant and Quark Mass Given in a Mass-Dependent Renormalization

The QCD one-loop renormalization is restudied in a mass-dependent subtraction scheme in which the quark mass is not set to vanish and the renormalization point is chosen to be an arbitrary time-like momentum. The correctness of the subtraction is ensured by the Ward identities which are respected in all the processes of subtraction.By considering the mass effect, the effective coupling constant and the effective quark masses derived by solving the renormalization group equations are given in improved expressions which are different from the previous results.PACS numbers: 11.10.Gh, 11.10.Hi, 12.38.-t, 12.38.Bx     

QCD One-Loop Effective Coupling Constant and Quark Mass Given in a Mass-Dependent Renormalization

The QCD one-loop renormalization is restudied in a mass-dependent subtraction scheme in which the quark mass is not set to vanish and the renormalization point is chosen to be an arbitrary time-like momentum. The correctness of the subtraction is ensured by the Ward identities which are respected in all the processes of subtraction.By considering the mass effect, the effective coupling constant and the effective quark masses derived by solving the renormalization group equations are given in improved expressions which are different from the previous results.     

极化子有效质量的性质

采用线形组合算符和幺正变换相结合的方法，求出了晶体中极化子与温度和耦合强度的依赖关系。根据依赖关系。讨论了4种不同情况。从中看出：当温度保持不变时，有效质量将随耦合强度的增加而增加，这是由于随耦合强度的增大。电子-声子之间的相互作用增强，则极化子的有效质量增大。当耦合强度不变时。有效质量随温度的变化而变化，且耦合强度越大，受温度的影响越强。当接近弱耦合极限时，与温度无关。这是由于弱耦合极限下，电子近似为自由电子，与晶格振动无关，故温度的变化对慢速运动的极化子的有效质量无影响。     

纳米复合永磁材料的有效各向异性与矫顽力

研究了纳米Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe复合永磁材料中晶粒交换耦合相互作用对有效各向异性的影响和变化规律.结果表明：晶粒之间的交换耦合作用使材料的有效各向异性Keff随晶粒尺寸的减小而下降、随软磁性相成分的增加而降低. 当晶粒尺寸 减小到4nm时，Keff值减小为其各自通常各向异性常数值的1/3—1/4.有效各向异性的变化特点与矫顽力的变化规律基本相同.纳米复合永磁材料矫顽力的降低主要由于有效各向异性的减小而引起. 关键词： 纳米复合永磁材料 交换耦合相互作用 有效各向异性 矫顽力     

The number of least degrees of freedom required for a polarization controller to transform any state of polarization to any other output covering the entire Poincaré sphere

Using two typical types of polarization controller, this paper analyses theoretically and experimentally the fact that it is necessary to adjust at least three instead of two waveplates in order to transform any state of polarization to any other output covering the entire Poincar\'{e} sphere. The experimental results are exactly in accordance with the theory discussed in this paper. It has corrected the conventional and inaccurate point of view that two waveplates of a polarization controller are adequate to complete the transformation of state of polarization.     

Rashba效应影响下三角量子阱中弱耦合极化子的有效质量

采用改进的线性组合算符和幺正变换相结合的方法,导出了三角量子阱中弱耦合极化子的有效质量。讨论了极化子速度、电声子耦合常数和电子面密度对极化子有效质量的影响。通过对GaAs材料的数值计算结果表明:因为电-声子耦合作用和Rashba效应的存在,发现弱耦合极化子的有效质量由两部分组成,而且弱耦合极化子的有效质量随电声子耦合常数、电子面密度和极化子速度都发生了分裂。