Chemical composition of the essential oils of mongolian wormwoodsArtemisia xerophytica andA. xantaphora

The chemical compositions of the hydrocarbon fractions of the essential oils of endemic wormwoods of Mongolia,Artemisia xerophytica (xerophytic wormwood) andArtemisia xantaphora (yellow wormwood), have been investigated. In the essential oil ofA. xerophytica 22 hydrocarbons out of 26 have been identified and in that ofA. xantaphora 18 out of 27.Institute of Chemical Sciences, Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR, Alma-Ata. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 501–505, July–August, 1980.     

Lipids ofBryonia alba

The lipid composition of the roots ofBryonia alba (Cucurbitaceae) have been studied: It consists of fractions of 3-acyloxy-24-alkyl(alkenyl)-cholest-7-enes (I), triacylglycerols (II), 1,2-diacyl-3-monoglycopyranosyl-sn-glycerols (III), 1,2-diacyl-3-diglycopyranosyl-sn-glycerols (IV), 1,3-bis(3-sn-phosphatidyl)glycerols (V), 3-sn-phosphatidylethanolamines (VI), 3-sn-phosphatidylcholines (VII), and methyl esters of fatty acids (VIII). The amount of unsaturated fatty acids in the lipid fractions (I–VIII) is 60–94%, the main component being linolenic acid.A. L. Mndzhoyan Institute of Fine Organic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of the Armenian SSR, Erevan. Translated from Khimiya Pridodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 6, pp. 781–785, November–December, 1980.     

Structure of 22-deoxocucurbitacins isolated fromBryonia alba andEcbalium elaterium

22-Deoxocucurbitacin D (II), dihydrocucurbitacin B, cucurbitacin L, and the previously unknown rhamnoglucosyl-22-deoxo-16,23-epoxycucurbitosides A (III) and B (IV) have been isolated from the roots ofBryonia alba and identified. Glucoside (III) has also been identified in the fruit ofEcbalium elaterium L.     

Cardenolides ofCoronilla glauca andC. scorpioides

The cardenolide glycosides glucocorotoxigenin, scorpioside, and coronillobioside and a new compound which has been called glucocoroglaucigenin have been isolated from the seeds ofCoronilla glauca L. for the first time. The new glycoside has the structure of 3-(-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-14,19-dihydroxy-5-card-20(22)-enolide. This glycoside has also been isolated from the seeds ofC. scorpioides.Khar'kov Pharmaceutical Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 676–679, September–October, 1985.     

Arylnaphthalene lignans ofHaplophyllum dauricum. The structure of daurinol

The arylnaphthalene lignans justicidin B and daurinol I have been isolated from the epigeal part ofHaplophyllum dauricum (L.) G. Don.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 295–297, May–June, 1981.     

Monoterpenes of the essential oil ofLarix sukaczewii

An analytical separation has been performed of the essential oil of the bark of one-year winter shoots ofL. sukaczewii andL. sibirica. Out of the 37 terpenes detected, 13 monoterpenes have been identified. The two species have identical sets of monoterpenes with significant differences in their relative amounts.Botanical Garden-Institute, Ufa Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 640–642, September–October, 1994.     

A new component ofArtemesia hanseniana

A sesquiterpene lactone with mp 97–99°C, C₁₅H₂₀O₃, identified as deoxy--santonin, has been isolated from the epigeal part ofArtemisia hanseniana var.phylostachus.V. L. Komarov Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaidzhanian SSR, Baku. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 564–568, September–October, 1981.     

Structure and stereochemistry of the coumarins ofFerula lehmannii

Two new 7-hydroxycoumarins have been isolated from the roots ofFerula lehmannii (Lehmann's giant fennel): lehmferidin (I), C₂₄H₂₈O₄, M⁺ 380, mp 173–174°C, and lehmferin (II), C₂₄H₃₀O₄, M⁺ 382, mp 118–119°C; and badrakemin (III) has also been identified. The structures and configurations of the asymmetric centers of the new coumarins have been established on the basis of spectral characteristics and conversion into known substances.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 709–712, November–December, 1983.     

Polysaccharides ofAloe arborescens

Summary An acidic polysaccharide belonging to the class of pectin substances has been isolated from the leaves ofAloe arborescens.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Scientific Center of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Academician A. B. Fomin Botanical Garden. T. G. Shevchenko Kiev State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 3–5, January–February, 1975.     

Lipids of the biomass ofRuta graveolens, grownin vivo andin vitro

A lower content of chlorophylls, phospholipids, and linolenic acid and a higher content of rutin, carotenoids, and xanthophylls in the biomass ofRuta graveolens L. obtainedin vitro has been found as compared with these indices from the epigeal part of the plant grownin vivo.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 651–655, September–October, 1993.     

Alkaloids ofThalictrum sachalinense. V

Summary Glaucine, N-methylnantenine, thalrugosine, magnoflorine, berberine, and the unidentified bases (II) and (III) have been obtained from the roots and rhizomes ofThalictrum sachalinense. The main alkaloid in the combined bases of the roots and rhizomes was magnoflorine.Intitute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Scientific Center of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 594–597, September–October, 1978.     

Composition of the essential oil ofSalvia garedzhii. Terpenoids and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons

The composition of the terpenoid and sesquiterpene hydrocarbon fraction ofSalvia garedzhii has been studied by chromato-mass spectrometry. A total of 19 compounds have been identified and a provisional assignment of another 6 components has been made.K. A. Timiryazev Moscow Agricultural Academy. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 720–722, November–December, 1984.     

Composition of the seed oils ofOriganum tyttanthum andMentha asiatica

Summary The fatty oils of the seeds ofOriganum tyttanthum andMentha asiatica (family Labiatae) have been investigated. The glyceride and fatty-acid compositions of the two oils have been determined. From the oil ofM. asiatica have been isolated the new acid 9-hydroxyoctadeca-12-cis,15-cis-dienoic acid and a mixture of six unsaturated oxo acids.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 149–155, March–April, 1976.     

Triterpene glycosides ofAstragalus and their genins. XVI. Cyclogaleginosides A and B fromAstraglus galegiformis

Two glycosides of the cycloartane series — cyclogaleginosides A and B — have been obtained from inflorescences ofAstragalus galegiformis L. (Leguminosae), and their structures have been established by chemical transformations and spectral characteristics as cyclogalegigenin 3-O-(2-O-acetyl)--D-xylopyranoside and cyclogalegigenin 3-O--D-xylopyranoside, respectively.I. G. Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR, Tbilisi. Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 477–481, July–August, 1984.     

Alkaloids ofPetilium raddeana II. Structures of petisine and petisinine

The alkaloids imperialine, imperialone, peumisine, petiline, petilidine, and the new bases petisine (I) and petisinine (III) have been isolated from bulbs ofPetilium raddeana (Regl.) Vved. On the basis of spectral characteristics and passages to a known compound, the structure of 3-hydroxy-²²(N)-22,26-iminocholestane-6,23-dione has been established for (I) and petisine 3-glucopyranoside for (III).Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 616–619, September–October, 1981.     

Terpenoids of the rhizomes ofRhodiola rosea

The structures of two new monoterpene compounds isolated from the rhizomes ofRhodiola rosea L. (Crassulaceae) have been established: 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-diene-1,4-diol (rosiridol) and 3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-diene-1,4-diol 1-O--D-glucopyranoside (rosiridin). Daucosterol has been isolated from the rhizomes of this plant for the first time.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 632–636, September–October, 1985.     

Naphthoquinones ofLithospermum erythrorhizon

Summary 1. The roots ofLithospermum erythrorhizon Sieb. et Zucc. have yielded six naphthazarin pigments which have been characterized as shikonin itself and derivatives of it. A new quinoid pigment of nonnaphthazarin structure has also been isolated.2. The pigments of the roots ofL. erythrorhizon collected in the Maritime Territory have not been found to contain the ,-dimethylacrylic ester of shikonin which has been reported for this species in the literature.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Scientific Center of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 726–730, November–December, 1976.     

Oxygenated acids of the lipids ofOnopordum acanthium seeds

The structures of the oxygenated fatty acids of the lipids ofOnopordum acanthium L. seeds have been studied by the methods of chemical, chromatographic, and spectral analyses. Triepoxy acids of the C₁₈ series and 24 monohydroxy acids with chain lengths of C₁₄–C₁₈ have been identified, of which the 8-OH-9Z,12Z-18:2 and the 14-OH-9Z,12Z-18:2 acids have been isolated as natural compounds for the first time.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 515–518, July–August, 1993.     

Alkaloids ofLiriodendron tulipifera

The alkaloids of the tulip treeLiriodendron tulipifera L., family Magnoliaceae, are considered. More then 20 alkaloids have been isolated during different vegetation periods from various organs of the plant growing in Uzbekistan, and these have been assigned to the aporphine alkaloids and their dehydro, oxo, and 7-hydroxy derivatives; only two alkaloids proved to be derivatives of proaphorphine and of tetrahydroberberine. On the basis of the results of a comparative study of the NMR spectra of aporphines unsubstituted in ring D and some chemical transformations, the structure and configuration of the (R)-3-hydroxy-1,2-dimethoxyaporphine have been proposed for the new alkaloid lirinine. The absolute configurations, possible biogenetic interconnections, and mutual transitions of the alkaloids ofL. tylipifera that are derivatives of aporphine, oxoaporphine, and dehydroaporphine are discussed. A summery table is given which includes 41 alkaloids found in this plant.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Uzbek SSR, Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Tashkent Agricultural Institute. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedenii, No. 5, pp. 628–638, September–October, 1987.     

Chrysin and its derivatives in plants of the genusScutellaria

Summary 1. A glycoside (II) identified by chrysin 7--glucopyranosiduronic acid has been isolated from the epigeal part ofScutellaria scordiifolia in a yield of 2.0–2.2%.2. A glycoside (IV), characterized as 2-methoxychrysin 7--D-glucopyranosiduronic acid has been isolated from the roots ofS. granulosa.3. This is the first time that chrysin and 2-methoxychrysin and their 7-glucuronides have been isolated from theScutellaria species mentioned.Khar'kov Scientific-Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry. Ukrainian Zonal Research Station for Medicinal Plants, Poltava. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 730–735, November–December, 1976.