面向大气背景光抑制的金属光栅偏振片效能表征及设计

为了定量评价和合理设计偏振滤波抑制大气背景光的金属光栅(WG)偏振片,提出了WG偏振片效能表征模型。该方法利用严格耦合波(RCW)理论计算了WG偏振片的TM和TE偏振透射率,并结合偏振滤波抑制大气背景光的效能计算模型,提出了在给定光栅材料与结构参数条件下面向大气背景光抑制的WG偏振片效能表征方法。借助该方法,计算分析了一维矩形WG偏振片的大气背景光抑制效能,结果表明:WG偏振片采用金(Au)、铜(Cu)材料抑制大气背景光的效能优于银(Ag)、铝(Al)和铬(Cr)金属;随着线栅高度的增加,WG偏振片抑制大气背景光的效能提高,较优的线栅高度取200 nm以上;较优的线栅周期范围为200~300 nm;随着线栅占空比增大,WG偏振片抑制大气背景光的效能提高。结合目前偏振片制备工艺,设计了面向大气背景光抑制的一维矩形WG偏振片,其中光栅材料为Cu金属、基底材料为二氧化硅(Si O2)、占空比为0.5、周期为250 nm、高度为200 nm。     

埋入式光栅双通道特性及其应用研究

利用严格耦合波理论分析了埋入式光栅在45°入射时,垂直和平行于光栅栅线的两个不同观察平面的零级共振反射衍射特性.在垂直于光栅栅线的平面内,TE、TM偏振下零级反射共振波长分别为432 am和420 am,在平行于光栅栅线的平面内,TE、TM偏振下零级反射共振主峰波长分别为623 nm和620 nm,在两个平面内,零级共振衍射光的共振波长差别较大,观察到的衍射光颜色差别明显,定义为双通道特性并用实验进行证明,制作了相应的光变色器件.     

偶氮苯聚合物全息光栅衍射效率和偏振特性研究

研究了不同偏振全息模式下基于交联偶氮苯聚合物薄膜的相位光栅的形成机理、衍射效率和偏振特性.利用琼斯矢量表征了正交线偏振(SP)和半行线偏振(SS)干涉模式下的偏振干涉场.基于SP和SS两种模式,制作了无明显表成起伏的纯折射率光栅和有表面起伏的浮雕光栅.偏光显微镜(POM)观测说明纯折射率光栅具有周期性的折射率分布;近场光学显微镜(SNOM)探测说明纯折射率光栅和浮雕光栅的表而起伏在5 nm以下和 85.23 nm.实验表明.当探测光为水平偏振时,纯折射率光栅的衍射效率达到22.2%.浮雕光栅只能达到1.65%.纯折射率光栅的0、 1级衍射光分别为水平和竖直线偏振光,偏振度达到0.9969和0.9963;浮雕光栅的0, 1级衍射光均为水平线偏振光.     

反射型光变色超表面滤光结构

提出了一种反射型超表面滤光结构,该滤光结构由基底、低折射率纳米光栅、Ag光栅、SiNx高折射率介质层组成.理论模拟结果表明:45°入射角下,在垂直于光栅栅线的入射平面内,反射谱峰值出现在475 nm波长处;在平行于光栅栅线的入射平面内,反射谱峰值出现在550 nm波长处.其电场分布特性表明,在不同的平面内TE偏振入射光激发的导模共振区域不同,TM偏振下激发的导膜共振强度与表面等离子体共振强度不同,导致该结构在垂直于光栅栅线方向与平行于光栅栅线方向的两个平面内表现出两种截然不同的颜色.基于此制备的超表面结构样品不但光变色效果明显,且易于与纳米压印工艺相结合实现大幅面光变色结构制备,在防伪和图案信息编码等领域有广阔的应用前景.     

像素刻划偏振相机的高精度像素级偏振非均匀性矫正

金属纳米线栅是像素刻划偏振相机的核心器件,线栅上刻划了与光电探测器像元一一对应的微偏振片阵列,该阵列具有较大的非均匀性,对成像质量有较大影响。基于此,根据纳米线栅的结构与偏振传输理论,建立纳米线栅像素级矢量传输矩阵的测量数学模型,并结合矩阵最小二乘法,推导出多次测量以拟合最优传输矩阵的方法,为偏振相机像素级非均匀性矫正提供了核心的矫正参数。然后,兼顾纳米线栅刻划方式,提出了高空间分辨率的矫正算法。通过矫正后,偏振相机非均匀性由原来的2.00%降低至0.26%。外景成像实验中,目标偏振度图像的信息熵由5.34提升至15.15。结果表明,所提算法可以有效矫正纳米线栅的非均匀性,提升了偏振图像质量。     

基于达曼光栅的快照式斯托克斯偏振测量方法

斯托克斯偏振测量常被用于获取光束的偏振特性。提出一种利用偏振无关的达曼光栅快照式测量偏振光束斯托克斯参量的方法。偏振光束通过达曼光栅后在空间对称的位置上被分成4束,这4束光经波片和线偏振器调制后,最终被CCD采集。将单次快照采集的光强图简单叠加运算就可计算得到偏振光束的斯托克斯参量,并可进一步计算得到偏振光束的偏振分布、矢量质量因子（VQF）和模间相位。所提测量方法对不同椭圆偏振光的测量结果与商用偏振测量仪的测量结果之间的平均相对误差为6.97%。所提方法的测量装置简单,无需转动任何器件,单次快照就可完成测量,具有可靠的测量精度。     

线双折射磁光光纤光栅中光偏振态演化

根据导波光的微扰理论得到了线双折射磁光光纤光栅中导波光耦合模方程,并给出了其解析解。借助于归一化斯托克斯参量,研究了线双折射与磁圆双折射对光纤光栅中光偏振态的影响。研究表明,线双折射磁光光纤光栅中存在左旋和右旋两个本征的椭圆光偏振态,线双折射或磁圆双折射的大小只引起本征偏振态椭圆率的变化,而不改变主轴方位角。通过调节磁光光纤光栅中两种双折射的相对大小可方便地控制输出导波光的偏振态,从而使磁光光纤光栅在光纤通信与传感中具有广泛的潜在应用。     

紫光诱导菌紫质中同圆偏振光栅的衍射调制特性

基于琼斯矩阵和菌紫质分子光循环的简化光循环模型,建立了紫光诱导同圆偏振记录光栅的理论模型,采用四波耦合光路测量菌紫质光栅的衍射效率.理论模拟和实验结果表明:加入线偏振的辅助紫光,线偏振再现光与线偏振辅助紫光相互平行时,菌紫质光栅的衍射效率最大;线偏振再现光与线偏振辅助紫光相互垂直时,菌紫质光栅的衍射效率最小;菌紫质薄膜中同圆偏振记录光栅的稳态衍射效率随线偏振再现光偏振方向和线偏振辅助紫光偏振方向之间的夹角按余弦规律变化.线偏振紫光能诱导同圆偏振记录光栅由非偏振光栅转化为偏振光栅.     

线双折射传感光栅中的传输光偏振态分析

 深入研究了线双折射光栅中透射光偏振特性的演变过程。采用耦合模理论和琼斯矩阵分析了传输距离、双折射大小、入射起偏态等因素对透射光偏振特性的影响,并利用邦加球中描绘了偏振态的演变趋势。结果表明：光栅中的线双折射和传输距离会改变传输光的偏振态,偏振态的波长相关曲线会随传输距离和线双折射的增大而不断扩展,入射起偏态的不同并不改变偏振态的拓展趋势。同时,第一斯托克斯参量与偏振相关损耗在峰值波长点上存在对应关系,两者幅值均与线双折射呈单调递增关系,可应用于传感测量。     

采用WDM技术的光纤Bragg光栅传感网络

采用绝对测量原理的波长调制技术,光纤Bragg光栅可组成并行、串行和阵列WDM拓扑结构.分析表明,光纤Bragg光栅网络的工作原理类似于一个多宽带平面镜.利用光谱仪可测量上述光纤Bragg光栅网络的反射谱,其中,光源是宽带为～40nm的掺饵光纤放大器.当网络中的光纤Bragg光栅受扰动后,受扰光栅的反射谱发生相应的变化,即Bragg波长发生相应的偏移.结果表明,当事先确定了光纤光栅的波长调制范围,反射的峰值波长能反应光纤光栅传感网络的信息.值得注意的是～3nm的波长调制范围可满足～100℃和～2000με的参量测量.     

基于Talbot效应的掺镁铌酸锂二维六角位相阵列光栅的研究

本文系统研究了基于泰伯效应(Talbot) 的位相可调掺镁铌酸锂二维六角位相阵列光栅及其光衍射成像, 对光栅占空比D、不同位相差Δφ、及泰伯分数β条件下的光栅近场光衍射强度分布进行了理论研究, 结果表明当光栅占空比D=52%、位相差Δφ=0.75 π、 泰伯分数β=0.2时, 光栅近场衍射光图像效果最佳. 实验设计与 制备了掺镁铌酸锂二维六角位相阵列光栅, 并对其进行了Talbot衍射光成像实验研究, 得到了不同位相差和不同泰伯分数β条件下光栅近场衍射 光图像, 实验结果与理论研究结果相符. 关键词： 二维六角位相阵列光栅 掺镁铌酸锂晶体 泰伯效应     

二维旋转边带分解实验

描述了一类新的二维旋转边带分解实验,准备期包括交叉极化、若干个以TOSS序列的延迟加上的π脉冲和一个π/2脉冲,混合期包括一个π/2脉冲和一个TOSS序列,在演化期内,磁化矢量位于z方向。本实验能给出完全分解的各向同性化学位移与各向异性化学位移,它与Kolbert等人^[5]的实验方法相互补充。     

Fabrication of a mid-IR wire-grid polarizer by direct imprinting on chalcogenide glass

A mid-IR wire-grid polarizer with a 500 nm pitch was fabricated on a low toxic chalcogenide glass (Sb-Ge-Sn-S system) by the thermal imprinting of periodic grating followed by the thermal evaporation of Al metal. After imprinting, deposition of Al on the grating at an oblique angle produced a wire-grid polarizer. The fabricated polarizer showed polarization with TM transmittance greater than 60% at 5-9 μm wavelengths and an extinction ratio greater than 20 dB at 3.5-11 μm wavelengths. This polarizer with a high extinction ratio can be fabricated more simply and less expensively than conventional IR polarizers.     

Steered coherence and entanglement in the Heisenberg XX chain under twisted boundary conditions

We study steered coherence(SC) and entanglement in a three-spin Heisenberg XX model under twisted boundary conditions and show that their strengths can be significantly enhanced by tuning the twist angle. The optimal twist angle θ_(opt) for achieving the maximum l_1 norm of SC is π in the region of weak field B and decreases gradually from π to 0 when B increases after a critical value, while for the relative entropy of SC, θ_(opt) equals π in the weak field region and 0 otherwise.The entanglement and the critical temperature above which the entanglement vanishes can also be significantly enhanced by tuning the twist angle from 0 to π.     

Theoretical reflective performance of a sandwiched two-layer grating polarizer

The reflective polarizer is described by a sandwiched two-layer grating with a metal slab. Such a new polarizer is aimed to improve the performance of a reflective grating-based polarizer. The grating is optimized with the usual duty cycle of 0.5, where TE and TM polarizations are reflected in the –1st and the 0th diffraction orders, respectively. With optimized grating parameters, the extinction ratio can reach 45.5 dB and 41.9 dB in two diffraction orders, which are greatly improved compared with the conventional reported surface grating polarizer with the simple structure. Attractive merits of the new design are high efficiency, high extinction ratio, wide incident wavelength bandwidth for TE polarization, and wide angular range for TM polarization. Numerical results are expected to open new opportunities for the design of a grating-based polarizer with the enhanced performance by the complicated grating configuration.     

Laser phase effect on asymmetric harmonic distribution in H_2~+

The laser phase effect on the spatial distribution of the molecular high-order harmonic generation(MHHG) spectrum from H_2~+ is theoretically investigated through solving the Non-Bohn-Oppenheimer(NBO) time-dependent Schrodinger equation(TDSE).The results are shown as follows,(i) The generated harmonics from the two nuclei each present an asymmetric distribution.Particularly,when the laser phases are chosen from 0.0π to 0.6π and from 1.7π to 2.0π,the contribution from the negative-H plays a main role in harmonic generation.When the laser phases are chosen from 0.7πto 1.6k,the contribution from the positive-H to the harmonic generation is remarkably enhanced and becomes greater than that from the negative-H.The electron localization,the time-frequency analyses of the harmonic spectrum and the time-dependent wave function are shown to explain the asymmetric harmonic distribution in H_2~+,which provides us with a method to control the electron motion in molecules,(ⅱ) As the pulse duration increases,the asymmetric distributions of the MHHG in two H nuclei decrease,(ⅲ) Isotope investigation shows that the asymmetric harmonic distribution can be reduced by introducing the heavy nucleus(i.e.,D_2~+).     

非晶硅太阳电池宽光谱陷光结构的优化设计

陷光是改善薄膜太阳电池光吸收进而提高其效率的关键技术之一. 以非晶硅（α-Si）薄膜太阳电池为例,设计了一种新的复合陷光结构：在Ag背电极与硅薄膜之间制备一维Ag纳米光栅,并通过保形生长在电池前表面沉积织构的减反膜. 采用有限元数值模拟方法,研究了该复合陷光结构对电池光吸收的影响,并对Ag纳米光栅的结构参数进行了优化. 模拟结果表明：该复合陷光结构可在宽光谱范围内较大地提高太阳电池的光吸收;当Ag纳米光栅的周期P为600 nm,高度H为90 nm,宽度W为180 nm时,在AM1.5光谱垂直入射条件下α-Si薄膜电池在300–800 nm波长范围内总的光吸收较无陷光结构的参考电池提高达103%,其中在650–750 nm长波范围内的光子吸收率提高达300%以上. 结合电场强度分布,对电池在各个波段光吸收提高的物理机制进行了分析. 另外,该复合陷光结构的引入,还较大地改善了非晶硅电池对太阳光入射角度的敏感性. 关键词： 非晶硅太阳电池 陷光 银纳米光栅 数值模拟     

Phase-and spin-dependent manipulation of leakage of Majorana mode into double quantum dot

We present a phase-and spin-dependent manipulation of leakage of a Majorana mode into a double quantum dot. We study the density of states(DOS) to show the effect of phase change factor on the Majorana leakage into(out) of a double quantum dot. The DOS is derived from the Green's function of the quantum dot by the equation of motion method, and exhibits a formant structure when φ = 0, 2π and a resonance shape when φ = 0.5π and 1.5π. Also, it changes more strongly under the spin-polarized coefficient than the non-polarized lead. Such a theoretical model can be modified to explore the spin-dependent effect in the hybrid Majorana quantum dot system.     

Terahertz transmission characteristics of double wire-grid polarizer on low-loss polyethylene substrate

We fabricated a double metallic wire-grid polarizer consisting of micrometer-pitch Cu grating on both sides of low-loss polyethylene substrate by simple electroplating and lithography micro-processing techniques. The performance of transmission was measured using a terahertz (THz) time domain spectroscopy system. The mixed polarization effects of surface plasmon polaritons in an azimuthally rotated grating were investigated. The polarization dependence of both amplitude and phase shift on frequency was demonstrated in the wide range of 0.1?C3 THz, and the extinction ratio is over 22 dB.     

定向凝固单晶冰的取向确定与选晶

基于六方冰晶偏振光学特性,定义了用于确定冰晶晶体取向的三个参数:光轴倾角α,消光角β和与冰晶基面(0001)面内晶体学择优方向1120与温度梯度的夹角γ,提出了定量判定冰晶晶体取向的理论基础,并在定向凝固平台上采用偏光显微镜成功实现了冰晶晶体取向的精确主动控制,获得了任意取向的单晶冰.本文成功解决了冰晶的定向凝固晶体取向确定和选择的难题,为冰晶生长过程中相关理论问题的研究提供了有效的途径.