含多氟烷基侧链的螺环化合物的简易合成及其谱学研究

通过多步反应合成了含有一个长链氟烷基的螺环化合物（2-（5-氯-2，2，3，3，4，4，5，5-八氟-戊烷基）．3-（1-碘-甲基）-8，8-二甲基-7，9-二氧杂-螺[4，5]癸烷-6，10-二酮）。通过对各步产物及最终化合物的^1H NMR、^13C NMR、^1H-^13C COSY和IR、MS谱及X-衍射图的分析，对相关化合物进行了结构确证。     

含2-取代-1,3-二硫杂环戊烷的大环席夫碱的合成、表征及其生物活性研究

以不同的β-二酮、二硫化碳、1,2-二溴乙烷等为原料合成含2-取代-1,3-二硫杂环戊烷的大环席夫碱化合物,进行了初步抗菌活性研究。合成得到的中间体（Ia～Ic）及目标化合物（IIa～IIc）的结构由元素分析、红外光谱、1H NMR、MS等得到确证。抗菌试验结果表明,合成得到的大环席夫碱对枯草杆菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄...     

含嘧啶基团的新型亲水性共轭大环化合物的合成

以三乙甘醇单甲醚为原料,制得化合物1和2; 1和2经取代反应制得1-【2-{1-[2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基]乙氧基}甲基-3-[2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基]乙氧基】丙氧基-3,5-二溴苯(3)和1-[2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙氧基]乙氧基-3,5-二溴苯(4); 3和4分别与双频那醇合二硼反应制得化合物5和6; 6与5-溴-2-碘嘧啶发生Suzuki-Miyaura交叉偶联反应制得化合物7; 5与7在铂催化下发生Suzuki-Miyaura交叉偶联反应合成了一个新型的共轭大环化合物,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和MALDI-TOF-MS表征。     

新型2-取代苯甲酰基-5-烷基环戊酮的设计、合成与生物活性研究

为了发现具有良好生物活性的新型先导化合物,在综合多种高活性化合物结构特点的基础上,设计合成了一系列含苯甲酰基乙烯醇结构的2-取代苯甲酰基-5-烷基-环戊酮类化合物.以己二酸二乙酯为原料,经6步反应制得目标产物,其结构经IR,1H NMR,X射线及元素分析或高分辨质谱确证,并对该类化合物合成方法进行了探讨.初步生测结果表明,部分化合物对油菜表现出明显的抑制活性,在100μg/mL浓度下对油菜的抑制率达到60%以上.     

BnNH2·TFA/1,4-二氮杂二环[2.2.2]催化Michael加成反应合成季碳-叔碳化合物

在BnNH2.TFA/1,4-二氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷催化下,α-取代的苄叉丙酮与α-取代β-酮酸酯发生Mi-chael加成反应,合成了季碳-叔碳化合物——α,α-双取代β-酮酸酯,其结构经1H NMR和13C NMR表征。     

2-芳杂环-4-(取代)芳环-1,5-苯并硫氮杂衍生物的合成与生物活性研究

设计、合成了15种2-芳杂环-4-(取代)芳环-1,5-苯并硫氮杂衍生物。所有目标化合物的结构经过元素分析、IR、MS及1H NMR确证,并且测定了目标化合物的抑真菌活性。该研究为杂类化合物的抑菌构效关系提供了启示。     

6-三氟甲基苯并噻吩衍生物的合成

本文研究了苯环上含强吸电子基的2,6-二硝基-4-三氟甲基苯腈等在Na~2S-DMF-H~2O体系下与一些卤代化合物作用, 经桥接, 关环, 合成了一些2位取代的3-胺基-6-三氟甲基苯并噻吩及未环化的硫醚异构体, 并对其生成机理和^1H NMR进行了探讨.     

新型杯[6]芳烃活化KOH催化合成(Z)-1,2-二芳硒基烯

以对叔丁基苯酚为原料，经一步法制得对叔丁基杯[6]芳烃。通过逆傅克反应、亲核取代反应制得二烷基化杯[6]芳烃。最后通过磺化、亲核取代等反应，合成了下缘含喹啉基长链的新型夹状醚杯[6]芳烃化合物（2a~2c），其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-MS(ESI-QTOF)表征。以10.0 mol%杯[6]芳烃化合物（2b)为相转移催化剂，20.0 mol%KOH为催化剂，THF为溶剂，较高产率和高选择性地合成了一系列(Z)-1,2-二芳硒基烯化合物，其结构经¹H NMR和NOESY确证。2b重复使用6次，催化活性无明显降低。     

新型2-取代氨基-3-氟-4-吡啶氟硼酸钾盐的合成

以2,3-二氟-5-氯吡啶为原料,依次经取代和还原反应制得2-取代氨基-3-氟吡啶化合物(2a~2g); 2a~2g与正丁基锂及硼酸三异丙酯经有机锂化法制得相应的硼酸化合物(3a~3g); 3a~3g分别与氟化氢钾经取代反应合成了7个新型的2-取代氨基-3-氟-4-吡啶氟硼酸钾盐,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR, ESI-MS和元素分析表征。     

混合三聚反应及结构的研究 II: 单核及双核铁混合三聚反应的研究

通过甲酰基二茂铁与取代水杨醛和氨反应, 直接合成了含一个二茂铁的混合三聚产物, N,N'-二[2-羟基-5-取代苄烯]二茂铁甲二胺. 茂环上碳原子的化学位移^1^3C NMR与苯环上R取代基的Hammett常数之间存在着很好的线性关系. 循环伏安法测出的E1/2也与hammett常数之间存在着很好的线性关系. 通过混合三聚反应, 也合成了另一类含两个二茂铁化合物, N,N'-二[二茂铁甲烯]-2-羟基-5-特丁基苯甲二胺. ^1H及^1^3C NMR表明, 分子内由于氢键和立体效应的影响, 导致两个茂环上的化学环境不等性.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Thermodynamics of the formation of oxosulfides of rare-earth elements

The enthalpies of solution of several oxosulfides of rare-earth elements and the high-temperature enthalpies of oxosulfides and oxosulfates of lanthanum and yttrium were measured using solution calorimetry and high-temperature microcalorimetry techniques. Standard enthalpies of formation and some thermodynamic properties of oxosulfides and oxosulfates were calculated. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2 pp. 294–297, February, 1997.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。