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提出了一种用于高功率微波武器的等离子体通道天线(PCA),计算了该天线的辐射方向图。推导出了一般性天线的辐射方向函数;建立了PCA的近似电磁模型;给出了圆坐标系下PCA和周围空气中的电磁场,利用边界条件得出了PCA的色散方程,求出PCA的表面波波矢。重点讨论了PCA的辐射场随等离子体密度、天线长度、半径的变化,证实了PCA方向图的可控性。     

等离子体通道天线的辐射场计算

提出了一种用于高功率微波武器的等离子体通道天线(PCA),计算了该天线的辐射方向图。推导出了一般性天线的辐射方向函数;建立了PCA的近似电磁模型;给出了圆坐标系下PCA和周围空气中的电磁场,利用边界条件得出了PCA的色散方程,求出PCA的表面波波矢。重点讨论了PCA的辐射场随等离子体密度、天线长度、半径的变化,证实了PCA方向图的可控性。     

Electrical breakdown of microwave plasma in water

The electrical breakdown of microwave plasma in water was investigated between 1 and 30 kPa. The dependency of the ignition power for generating plasma on the size of coaxial electrode was measured. The ignition power decreases with a decrease of the diameter of the inner electrode. The behavior of microwave plasma in water was observed using a high-speed camera. The plasma ignites in a bubble generated by microwave heating. The model for calculating the electric field was created on the basis of the captured images of the bubble just before plasma ignition. The method presented can be used to visualize the electrical field distribution in the bubble. The electric field breakdown was calculated using the measured ignition power. The electric field breakdown of plasma in water is of the same order as gas phase plasma.     

CCD摄像系统镜头的畸变测量

从畸变定义出发,讨论了畸变数学模型,介绍了精密测角法与比长法综合测量畸变的原理。通过放大率法标定出CCD探测器的像素距离当量,通过质心法求出点目标的质心,质心与原点的像素距离乘以像素距离当量得到精确长度。利用正切函数求出绝对畸变值,用最小二乘法解多组数据超定方程,求出拟和公式的系数。实际计算和数据处理结果表明：畸变数学模型在中视场范围内拟合效果很好。     

Clausius-Mossotti-Type relation for planar monolayers

The dielectric properties of a quasi-two-dimensional molecular monolayer are analyzed. The dielectric function of the monolayer is expressed in terms of molecular polarizability and monolayer characteristics. The expression is analogous to the well-known Clausius-Mossotti equation for three-dimensional systems. The response of the monolayer to an external field is calculated. The case of a planar array of nanoparticles is also considered. The solution is obtained in the framework of a local-field theory.     

Weyl Spinor and Solution of Massless Free Field Equations

The massless field equations for arbitrary spin in curved space-time arereconsidered. The general solution of the field equation in Robertson-Walkerspace-time that was previously determined is briefly discussed after explicitlyshowing that the Weyl spinor vanishes. The case of the Lemaître-Tolman-Bondispace-time is studied in detail. The general expression of the corresponding Weylspinor is obtained and some particular situations exploited. The spin-3/2 andspin-2 massless field equations are solved explicitly. The solutions are simplifiedby the existence of nontrivial algebraic constraints. The angular part of theequations is separated by the usual separation method and integrated directly.The other equations that are not separated in the radial and time dependence arereduced to a simple form. The results obtained are extended, as a consequenceof previous results, to the case of arbitrary spin. The solution of the general caseessentially reduces to the treatment of spin 3/2 and spin 2.     

超高速撞击充气压力容器二次碎片减速运动建模研究

 针对空间碎片超高速撞击充气压力容器的二次碎片减速运动问题,首先根据弹丸撞击容器前壁后的破碎程度,将二次碎片分为弹丸未破碎、未完全破碎及完全破碎3种模式,分别建立了二次碎片未受气体扰动时的初始模型;然后采用理论分析手段,应用流体动力学、气-固两相流理论,对弹丸不同破碎模式下的二次碎片在容器内的运动过程进行分析,建立了二次碎片减速运动的计算模型,通过与数值模拟结果的比较,验证了计算模型的有效性。     

Mathematical modeling of a 50 MeV racetrack microtron

The mathematical model for a racetrack microtron with an output energy of 50 MeV is described. The number of orbits is five. The increment of energy beam increase is 10 MeV per turn. The frequency rate of acceleration is four. One feature of the accelerator is injection directly into the acceleration section with a rather low kinetic energy beam of 0.8–1 MeV. The parameters that affect the capture region in the acceleration mode are determined. The region of capture is calculated. The basic properties of the focusing system are studied. The conditions for the optimum passage of the beam are substantiated for all orbits.     

含散射闪光照相系统的布局优化

为了提高现有照相系统的图像品质,对使用CCD探测器的法国客体(FTO)照相布局进行了优化,获得最佳图像品质因子下的照相布局。研究结果为:在模糊实验测量结果和高斯分布近似下,系统放大倍率为2.0;后保护器件距离客体50 cm;系统布局总长与探测系统的噪声相关,噪声越大,布局总长越短,最优布局总长的范围为3~5 m;实验验证了这一结果。     

Studies on growth and characterization of l-alanine strontium chloride trihydrate single crystals for optical applications

The optically transparent nonlinear optical single crystals of l-alanine strontium chloride trihydrate (LASCT) were grown by slow evaporation solution growth method using water as solvent. The purity of the crystals was increased by the method of recrystallization. The grown crystals were analyzed by the single crystal X-ray diffraction pattern which proved that LASCT belongs to monoclinic crystal system. The presence of various functional groups and modes of vibrations were identified by FTIR spectroscopy. The optical absorption study confirms the suitability of the crystal for device applications. The thermal strength and the decomposition of the grown crystals were studied using TG/DTA analyses. The dielectric constant and dielectric loss measurements of the grown crystals at different frequencies of the applied field were measured and reported. The mechanical strength of the crystal is estimated by Vicker's hardness test. The nonlinear optical properties of the grown crystals were confirmed by second harmonic generation test which shows the suitability of NLO applications.     

用于光纤熔接系统的纤芯检测镜头设计

光纤已广泛应用于当今社会的信息传输领域。为了满足长距离光纤传输中高质量光纤熔接的需要,介绍了一个应用于光纤熔接系统的透射光纤纤芯检测系统。该系统中的核心器件是一组能对光纤纤芯成像的特殊镜头。借助于ZEMAX软件,设计了这组检测镜头。该镜头具有8倍放大倍率、长工作距离、短结构、高精度等特点。论述了镜头的设计方案和设计过程,并给出了满足要求的设计结果。通过在LightTools软件中对整个系统检测结果的模拟,证明了该设计的可行性。     

基于线偏振光反射率测量介质折射率的研究

研究线偏振光的振幅反射率与介质折射率的关系,提出一种测量介质材料折射率的方法。文中从菲涅耳公式出发,推导出各向同性介质的线偏振光反射率与折射率的关系式,给出基于线偏振光反射率测定介质折射率的原理。设计实验方案,在不同入射角情况,定出线偏振光p方向和s方向两种线偏振光在玻璃表面的反射率,得到线偏振光振幅反射率随入射角变化的实验曲线。依此实验数据得出材料的折射率。结果表明,测出的介质材料的折射率与理论值相符,所采取的测定方案可行。     

Stresses and strains in a deformable fractal medium and in its fractal continuum model

The model of fractal continuum accounting the topological, metric, and dynamic properties of deformable physical fractal medium is suggested. The kinematics of fractal continuum deformation is developed. The corresponding geometric interpretations are provided. The concept of stresses in the fractal continuum is defined. The conservation of linear and angular momentums is established. The mapping of mechanical problems for physical fractal media into the corresponding problems for fractal continuum is discussed.     

超支化聚合物吸附金、铂和钯及化学光谱行为的研究

超支化聚合物在盐酸介质中分离富集金、铂和钯,具有吸附速度快、吸附容量大的特点。将吸附后的树脂灰化,用碳粉、硫酸锶和氧化锆作缓冲剂, 采用发射光谱法同时测定金、铂和钯,选择锆作内标线,直接压样于杯形的石墨电极中,测定简便、快速和准确。对测定条件、干扰因素进行了研究,以此建立测定金、铂和钯的新方法。金、铂和钯的分析线分别为312.3, 306.5和311.4 nm,内标线选择为310.7 nm的锆,金、铂和钯的线性范围分别为0～0.20%,0～0.40%和0～0.20%。金、铂和钯的检测限分别为0.010%,0.003%和0.003%。用于样品的测定获得了满意结果。     

实时数字图像无损压缩的研究

针对实时数字图像的无损压缩方法进行了分析,采用三级5-3整数提升小波变换,小波变换的高频和低频系数分别采用不同的编码方法。进行了基于DSP和FPGA的压缩系统结构设计,提出了软、硬件并行的方法。进行三级小波变换时,硬件结构能够实现在对当前级小波变换的同时进行前一级小波变换的高频系数编码,提高了压缩系统的实时性。并对压缩系统的关键技术进行了研究。可以对80MB/s的数字图像进行无损压缩,压缩比可以达到1.68~1.8左右。     

Ku波段球体目标系的电磁复合散射研究

研究了球形目标之间的电磁相互作用,得到了目标二次散射场的表达式,给出了目标的复合散射场以及双站复合散射截面,并在Ku波段进行了数值仿真.结果表明：目标的尺寸对前向散射和后向散射均有较大的影响,周围目标的影响呈现出一定的周期性,二次散射随着目标间距的增大而减小,周围目标离前向散射方向越近,对前向散射的影响也越大.目标的二次散射场与一次散射场强度之比在10^-4数量级以上.在研究多粒子的相互影响时,周围的粒子可近似看作尺寸一定的粒子.利用所得结果以及坐标变换可以研究三维体系内粒子间的电磁相 关键词： 散射截面 二次电磁散射 电磁相互作用     

不同季节的虎杖根茎中8种矿质元素的光谱测定

采用空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收法,测定虎杖根茎的K,Ca,Na,Mg,Fe,zn,Mn,Cu等8种矿质元素的含量。对测定条件进行了实验,选择了最佳电离抑制剂和酸性介质。实验以氯化铯为电离抑制剂,盐酸浓度控制在2％以内,用氯化锶消除磷对Ca的干扰,使吸光值稳定,用标准曲线法进行测定,获得了满意效果。该方法简单、快速、准确,加标回收率为90．5％～108．2％,相对偏差为0．3％～0．7％,适合于植物矿质元素的分析。实验结果表明：虎杖根茎中含有丰富的矿质元素,其中以K,Ca元素含量最高。这与虎杖的药用效果相符。同时,每种元素含量随季节变化而变化,与其生长发育密切相关。     

Study of the Wind Characteristics of the Atmospheric Turbulence using a Multibeam Sodar

We present the results of acoustic sounding of the atmosphere in summer of 2001. The experiments were carried out using a multibeam bistatic sodar with two parabolic antennas of 15 m in diameter. The distance between the antennas was about 425 m. The transmitting acoustic antenna having 8^° beam width was pointed to the zenith. The four-beam operation of the receiving paraboloid was implemented by mounting four separate microphones in its focal plane. The width of each beam of the receiving antenna was 2.5^°. The beams of the transmitting and receiving antennas crossed at a height about 500 m. The sounding frequency was equal to 576 Hz. The acoustic-pulse duration and repetition period were 2 s and 8 s, respectively. A new procedure for experimental-data processing on the basis of analysis of temporary variations in the Doppler frequency shift of a scattered signal is proposed and approved. The approach based on using structural functions is applied. The preliminary results of analysis of one observation session are presented.     

旋翼的非定常流动及表面载荷的数值模拟

旋翼的流场呈现很强的非定常现象.目前,对旋翼定常流场的计算已经基本成熟,非定常流场的计算仍在探索之中。本文基于有限体积法的思想,利用较成熟的商用软件NUMECA/IGG生成计算所需的网格。对N-S方程进行离散,选用Baldwin-Lomax湍流模型,Dual-Time时间推进格式模拟了旋翼的非定常流场。计算的结果与文献给出的实验结果符合得较好。     

小位移条件下混沌隔振装置的设计与研究

本文根据混沌隔振原理, 设计出小位移下的混沌隔振装置, 该装置能够在小位移下产生强非线性, 并且其线性部分与非线性部分完全区分开, 实验中易于调节其整体刚度, 以及线性和非线性项比例, 大大增加了该装置在工程中的应用前景. 并利用数值计算方法对特定参数下的隔振装置在简谐激励力作用下的运动进行分析, 证实了该混沌隔振装置的可行性.