The Field Effect in a Metal–Ferroelectric–Semiconductor System of Multilayer Ferroelectric Films with Various Structure Types

The ability to grow the interfacial defect-poor Sr_0.5Ba_0.5Nb₂O₆ + Ba_0.2Sr_0.8TiO₃ and Ba_0.8Sr_0.2TiO₃ + Ba_0.4Sr_0.6TiO₃ ferroelectric films onto the doped silicon substrates is discussed. A study of piezo-response via the quasi-static method (using the electrode area of 0.07 mm²) reveals that heterostructures possess an initial polarized ferroelectric state with a spontaneous polarization vector perpendicular to the substrate at any type of Si conductivity. The polarized state is established to refer to two-dimension stresses in the ferroelectric, which is tunable through a preprepared Ba_xSr_{1 – x}TiO₃ onto a sublayer substrate as well as to a thickness of this sublayer. Polarization switching in Sr_0.5Ba_0.5Nb₂O₆/Si and Ba_0.8Sr_0.2TiO₃/Si heterostructures under the external field arises at only using the barium–strontium titanate sublayer predeposited onto silicon. A 15% decrease in switching polarization in Ba_0.8Sr_0.2TiO₃/Ba_0.4Sr_0.6TiO₃/Si structures is observed after 500 h.     

Magnetic Properties of Fullerene–Thermally Exfoliated Graphite Composites Doped with Sodium

Physics of the Solid State - The magnetic properties (field range H = 0–50 kOe, temperature range T = 3–300 K), and structural features of a sodium-doped carbon composite material based...     

Optical Absorption Spectrum of Metal–Nitride Complexes of С80 Fullerene as Strongly Correlated Systems

Russian Physics Journal - Within the framework of Hubbard’s model using an approximation of static fluctuations, the energy spectrum of the π-electron subsystem of an icosahedral C80...     

Processes of Aggregation of Fullerene C60 in Polymer–Fullerene Composites

Physics of the Solid State - The results of studying the absorption spectra of C60 polymer–fullerene composites are presented. In the composite polymethylmethacrylate–C60, a gradual...     

Dark Energy Model with Canonical Scalar Field and Non-Linear Born–Infeld Type Scalar Field

In this paper, we propose the non-linear Born–Infeld scalar field and canonical scalar field dark energy models with the potential , which admits late time de Sitter attractor solution. The attractor solution corresponds to an equation of state ω_φ → − 1 and a cosmic density parameter Ω_φ → 1, which are important features for a dark energy model that can meet the current observations. dark energy; canonical scalar field, non-linear Born–Infeld type scalar field, attractor solution. PACS number(s):98.80.-k; 98.80.Cq; 98.80.Es.     

Josephson Tunnel Junctions with an Integral Superconductor–Insulator–Normal Metal Shunt

Physics of the Solid State - This study is devoted to the investigation of tunneling superconductor–insulator–superconductor (SIS) Josephson junctions with a new type of shunt based on...     

Characteristics of Surface Spin Waves in a Metal–Dielectric–Ferrite–Dielectric–Metal Structure

The dispersion and isofrequency characteristics of surface spin waves in a tangentially magnetized metal–dielectric–ferrite–dielectric–metal structure are investigated. A loop-like change in the isofrequency dependences for spin waves is observed in a certain range of frequencies, and the origin of the loop is always located at wave number value k → 0.     

Gaseous Metal and the Problem of Vapor–Liquid (Insulator–Metal) Transition in Metal Vapors

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics - We consider the main properties of a gaseous metal, viz., the state of metal vapor adjoining the vapor–fluid transition binodal. The gaseous...     

Femtosecond Laser Irradiation of a Multilayer Metal–Metal Nanostructure

JETP Letters - The selective modification of upper layers of a Ni/Al multilayer nanostructure irradiated by a single femtosecond laser pulse has been studied. The analysis of surface topography...     

Microdischarges Near Metal–Insulator Interfaces

Some statistical features of microdischarges running near the metal-insulator interfaces have been discussed. The study has verified an exponential character of statistical distributions of the time intervals between microdischarge pulses, power-law distribution of voltage peaks of these pulses (height of pulses) and very weak correlation effects among pulses, i.e. weak time-height correlation, time autocorrelation and height autocorrelation. A statistical parameter of the power law distribution of the heights of microdischarge pulses proved to be sensitive to the voltage load of the insulating interface metal-insulator.     

Metal–insulator transition in Si–MOS structures

A survey is presented on recent investigations of the metal-to-insulator transition in two-dimensional systems with special emphasis on n-Si–MOS structures. Experimental facts are presented and the currently open questions on the nature of this transition are addressed.     

Direction Finding with a Vector–Scalar Receiver in the Field of Anisotropic Interference

Acoustical Physics - A mathematical model of an anisotropic acoustic field is constructed based on the multidimensional Poisson process. The relationship between the probabilistic characteristics...     

Metal–polymer nano-composite films with ordered vertically aligned metal cylinders for sub-wavelength imaging

We propose a self-assembled and anisotropically metal loaded large area PS-b-P4VP diblock copolymer film as a medium with hyperbolic dispersion for application in superlensing and nanolithography. We obtained domain sizes from 30 to 100 nm with successful demonstration of metal loading inside the nano-templates. The separation between the individual nanorods and their radius was effectively controlled by varying the molecular weights and compositions of the polymers. We apply Maxwell–Garnett homogenization and FDTD simulations to show the sub-wavelength imaging and lithography potential of these hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs). A proof of principle nanolithography result demonstrates sub-wavelength imaging and lithography using the proposed HMMs.     

Fullerene–epoxy nanocomposites-enhanced mechanical properties at low nanofiller loading

In this study, we characterized the mechanical properties of fullerence (C₆₀) epoxy nanocomposites at various weight fractions of fullerene additives in the epoxy matrix. The mechanical properties measured were the Young’s modulus, ultimate tensile strength, fracture toughness, fracture energy, and the material’s resistance to fatigue crack propagation. All of the above properties of the epoxy polymer were significantly enhanced by the fullerene additives at relatively low nanofiller loading fractions (~0.1 to 1% of the epoxy matrix weight). By contrast, other forms of nanoparticle fillers such as silica, alumina, and titania nanoparticles require up to an order of magnitude higher weight fraction to achieve comparable enhancement in properties.     

Field Effect in Monolayer Graphene Associated with the Formation of Graphene–Water Interface

Physics of the Solid State - Establishing the features of interfacial effects on the electrical conductivity of graphene is crucial for successful design of novel graphene-based electronic devices,...     

Kramers–Henneberger Form of Strong Field Theory with the Correction of Dipole Approximation

We show that the breakdown of dipole approximation can be adopted to explain the asymmetry structure in the photoelectron momentum distributions along the beam propagation direction, which is defined as the photoelectron longitudinal momentum distributions(PLMD), in tunneling regime(K ? 1), based on the strong field approximation theory. The nondipole Hamiltonian for photoelectrons interacting with laser fields from a hydrogen-like atom is transformed into the Kramers–Henneberger frame in our model. To introduce the correction of dipole approximation, the spatial variable is kept in a vector potential (r, t), demonstrating that the breakdown of dipole approximation is the major reason for the shift of the peak in PLMD. The nondipole effects are apparent when circularly polarized lasers are adopted to ionize the atoms, and clear tendency to increase offsets is found for increasing laser intensities.     

Topological Magnons in Kitaev Magnets with Finite Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya Interaction at High Field

There have been intensive studies on Kitaev materials for the sake of realization of exotic states such as quantum spin liquid and topological orders. In realistic materials, the Kitaev interaction may coexist with the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction, and it is of challenge to distinguish their magnitudes separately. Here, we study the topological magnon excitations and related thermal Hall conductivity of kagome magnet exhibiting Heisenberg, Kitaev and Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interactions expos...     

Minimal Coupling of the Kalb–Ramond Field to a Scalar Field

We study the direct interaction of an antisymmetric Kalb–Ramond field with a scalar particle derived from a gauge principle. The method outlined in this paper to define a covariant derivative is applied to a simple model leading to a linear coupling between the fields. Although no conserved Noether charge exists, a conserved topological current comes out from the antisymmetry properties of the Kalb–Ramond field. Some interesting features of this current are pointed out. Possible applications of our results to cosmology and to the theory of three-dimensional Josephson junction arrays are envisaged.     

Isolated (Quantum) Emitters Generated with the Participation of Donor–Acceptor Pairs in the ZnSe/ZnMgSSe Heterostructure

Measurements of low-temperature (5 K) microphotoluminescence reveal the existence of isolated (quantum) emitters in ZnSe/ZnMgSSe quantum well with a radiation line experiencing abrupt displacements of its spectral position by several meV within 1–10 min. The unusual properties of the detected emitters are explained on the basis of a system with a large dipole moment in its ground state, e.g., a single donor–acceptor pair.     

Higher Dimensional Cosmology with Normal Scalar Field and Tachyonic Field

We have considered N-dimensional Einstein field equations in which four-dimensional space-time is described by a FRW metric and that of extra dimensions by an Euclidean metric. We have supposed that the higher dimensional anisotropic universe is filled with only normal scalar field or tachyonic field. Here we have found the nature of potential of normal scalar field or tachyonic field. From graphical representations, we have seen that the potential is always decreases with field φ increases.