在30MeV/u 40Ar+159Tb、natAg反应中比较热核两种温度值

用双同位素产额比方法和能谱斜率方法,在110°对30MeV/u ⁴⁰Ar+¹⁵⁹Tb和^natAg反应得到的热核的温度进行了研究.对于不同的双同位素产额比,同位素温度值相同,为4.6MeV.能谱斜率温度随粒子或复杂碎片的不同而异.从α粒子能谱和质量数小于4的粒子能谱得到的斜率温度均是正常的,但是更重的碎片的斜率温度则高于极限温度Tlim,这可能是更重的碎片发射于复合核形成后的早期阶段,或者是库仑不稳定的发射.同时还分析了斜率温度高于极限温度T_lim的较重碎片能谱随探测角的变化.     

中等质量碎片的内部激发对同位素核温度的影响

利用费米气体模型和区域密度近似分别计算单粒子能级密度,通过单粒子能级密度求得中等质量碎片(IMF)的内部配分函数. 计算表明,热核衰变过程中发射的中等质量碎片的内部激发对同位素核温度的测量结果有很大的影响.     

热核对称三分裂形状与位势

本文提出用球余加类三叶线回转体的几何形状来描述热核从球到对称三分裂断点的形变过程,其中仅用了一个形变参数.基于液滴模型,计算该形状锐边下的相对库仑势和表面势,从而给出三分裂核裂变集体势,鞍点形状与位垒高度,断点的裂片总动能等.同时还计算出在形变过程中每一裂片质心的变化和新生裂片的形变能.并考虑到表面能系数对温度的依赖性,将会降低热核三裂位垒高度,增加过垒几率.最后将本计算结果与以往类似计算进行了比较.     

42MeV/u 12C与115In相互作用的靶余核

使用放射化学方法测定了42MeV/u ¹²C与¹¹⁵In相互作用靶余核的生成截面,得到了质量分布及同位素分布.实验得到的质量分布与使用级联的两体衰变模型GEMINI程序计算的结果很好地相符.根据同位素分布的系统性,对利用中能重离子反应生成新的远离β稳定线的缺中子核素进行了讨论.     

ALADIN热曲线的微正则系综分析

用微正则瞬时多碎裂统计模型分析了ALADIN热曲线.结果表明落在ALADIN热曲线温度平台(温度扭曲)附近的弹剩余核(热核)的理论代表点,并不落在相应弹剩余核热曲线的温度平台(扭曲)范围内,从而对ALADIN热曲线是否可作为核液气相变的证据提出质疑.     

基于OH自由基A2∑+→X2∏r电子带系发射光谱的温度测量技术

本文基于OH自由基所固有的分子结构特征,通过分子光谱理论系统地分析和计算了OH自由基A2∑+→X2∏r电子带系发射光谱的谱线跃迁频率、能级分布以及爱因斯坦自发发射跃迁概率等重要参数.同时结合实际的光谱实验,分析了谱线的自然展宽、碰撞展宽、多普勒展宽以及仪器展宽等各种展宽因索对谱线线型的影响,从理论上计算了任意转动温度、振动温度以及谱线展宽条件下OH自由基A2∑+→X2∏r电子带系发射光谱的强度分布,并分析了光谱强度分布与转动温度、振动温度以及谱线展宽的关系,为OH自由基A2∑+→X2∏r电子带系发射光谱测温技术提供理论依据.在实验过程中通过理论计算光谱与实验光谱进行拟合,对氢气燃烧火焰的转动温度和振动温度进行了初步的实验研究.     

35MeV/u 40Ar+197Au反应中热核的统计发射研究

利用硅半导体+CsI(T1)闪烁体望远镜测量35MeV/u ⁴⁰Ar+¹⁹⁷Au中发射的轻带电粒子,用能谱斜率方法和双同位素产额比方法提取了核温度参量.研究了热核发射过程中的统计发射规律.     

热核热容量和不可压缩系数的半经典计算

给出了定域势情形下,有限温度半经典方法的主要公式.由此讨论了热核的性质,特别计算了热容量和不可压缩系数这两个重要物理量,并分析了它们的温度依赖关系.部分结果同有限温度HF计算作了比较.     

热核热容量和不可压缩系数的半经典计算

给出了定域势情形下,有限温度半经典方法的主要公式.由此讨论了热核的性质,特别计算了热容量和不可压缩系数这两个重要物理量,并分析了它们的温度依赖关系.部分结果同有限温度HF计算作了比较.     

核物质液-气相变和热核稳定性

简述了研究核物质液－气相变的理论计算及研究热核稳定性的二相平衡模型．讨论了相变的临界温度及其对核物质大小、不对称度及库仑相互作用的依赖性．比较了用各种核力或模型算得的热核极限温度及实验结果． A brief introduction of the theoretical studies of liquid gas phase transition in nuclear matter and a two phase equilibrium model for studying stability of hot nuclei is presented. The critical temperature of the phase transition and its dependence on size and asymmetry of nuclear matter and Coulomb interaction are discussed. The limiting temperatures of hot nuclei calculated with various nuclear forces or models and experimental results are compared.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.     

Fiber Modal Index Measurements Based on Fiber Gratings

A novel method based on fiber gratings for measuring the effective indices of fiber modes is proposed. The effective index difference between the core mode and a cladding mode was obtained by analyzing the interference fringe of a pair of cascaded long-period fiber gratings. In order to extract the core mode index from the measured index difference, an index matching oil immersion method is proposed. By analyzing the interaction between the cladding mode and the oil applied on the cladding surface, the mode order and the effective index of the involved cladding mode might be calculated. Experimental results about the interference fringe shifts induced by the oil index and the oil-applied length are also presented.     

Optical Pulse Compression Schemes That Use Nonlinear Bragg Gratings

Nonlinear optical pulse compression of picosecond pulses typically requires long lengths of optical fiber and multiple components. Periodic structures, such as fiber Bragg gratings, are highly dispersive at wavelengths outside of the photonic bandgap. This implies that such gratings can be used as very short all-fiber compressors. In this paper a number of such compression schemes are reviewed involving uniform and nonuniform fiber Bragg gratings, relying on both soliton and nonsoliton compression principles. Experimental results supporting the corresponding underlying theory are also presented. Finally, an extension of one of the compression schemes is shown, which allows the generation of adjustable high-repetition rate soliton trains.