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为明确冷压缩机整机温度场分布,寻求最优冷却设计参数,本文以理化所自主研制的冷压缩机为背景,对冷压缩机进行传热与温度场分布分析。基于流体力学与传热学基本理论建立了涵盖整个冷压缩机的物理模型进行仿真计算。在此基础上,通过CCD(中心组合设计)采样,结合最小二乘法构建系统温度场等各变量的二阶响应面近似模型。随后以向叶轮传热最小与转子焊缝处平均温度最高为优化目标,采用多目标遗传算法对整机冷却参数进行优化,探求最优Pareto解组合方案。研究结果表明:冷压缩机内部负压氦气流场复杂,转子散热能力较差,冷却参数对冷压机温度场分布影响较大。优化得到冷压缩机最优冷却参数,并发现铜热锚结构有较大优化空间,为以后冷压缩机设计加工提供必要依据。 相似文献
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四角切圆炉膛三维温度分布优化控制建模研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
炉膛燃烧三维温度分布可视化技术为实现炉内燃烧三维温度分布优化控制奠定了基础。本文采用数值计算的方法建立了炉内不同高度特征截面平均温度及相应的温度中心坐标作为中间被控变量,以各层各角燃烧器燃料量及一次风、二次风量等参数为输入变量的线性模型。检验结果表明该模型能正确反映输入变量的变化对炉内温度分布的影响,为采用自适应遗传算法实施燃烧优化控制创造了条件。 相似文献
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在多通道光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)滤波器的设计中,通道数目的增加会导致最大折射率调制深度的成倍增长,从而造成物理上的不可实现。为此,提出一种基于粒子群算法(PSO)与直接设计方法相结合的多通道FBG滤波器设计方法。该方法以最小化最大折射率调制深度为优化目标,在目标反射谱中引入一组群时延参数,为每个通道分配合适的群时延参数,建立群时延参数的优化模型。通过粒子群算法计算得到各通道群时延参数的优化分配值,提升折射率调制深度的均匀化分布程度,促使最大折射率调制深度降低到物理可实现的范围内。仿真实验结果表明设计的40通道数、106通道数的两种FBG滤波器的反射谱均匀性好,最大折射率调制深度均降到0.001以下。 相似文献
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杜金峰 《工程物理研究院科技年报》2008,(1)
为研究不同分布形状的中子源对引发持续裂变链概率贡献的等效性问题,自主开发了有效系数的确定性二维计算程序(ECP程序)。完成了ECP程序的物理设计,对伴随中子角通量进行了归一化处理,使得有效系数的计算表达式大为化简:程序对空间变量的离散采取有限差分近似,对能量变量采取多群处理,对角度变量采取离散纵标方法;对于实际经常用到的自发裂变中子源有效系数的计算,程序设定同一能群内自发裂变中子源所包含的各相空间网格中子源强度均为1,而不同能群间的中子源强度比例则等于自发裂变谱, 相似文献
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针对吸油烟机用多翼离心风机叶片多目标优化设计,提出一种二次非均匀B样条曲线的叶型参数化方法。采用4个控制点确定B样条曲线的方式对叶片的出口角、叶型的弦长和叶型的最大弯曲度进行控制,可以有效避免不合理叶型。使用Matlab软件调用相应的批处理文件,实现叶轮的自动建模和网格划分。结合最优拉丁超立方试验设计方法和CFD数值计算生成44组多目标优化的样本空间,建立能准确反映设计变量与优化目标之间响应关系的Kriging近似模型,并利用存档微遗传算法对其进行多目标优化。研究结果表明:与原型机相比,优化后的叶轮出口的径向速度明显增大、蜗壳内部流动损失减小,吸油烟机系统在多个工况下的流量和效率均有提高。 相似文献
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基于叶栅端壁压力分布特性,采用控制点关联函数,构建10个设计变量的NURBS参数曲面,控制二次流和降低端壁传热系数。应用最优拉丁超立方实验设计,建立设计样本,并进行CFD性能评估,以端壁面平均Nu数和总压损失系数作为双重目标函数,构建多个代理模型的组合代理模型,用多目标遗传算法优化获得Pareto前沿。结果表明:在一定优化计算成本上,基于组合代理模型进行多轮优化,能够获得更满意的最优解。获得的最优端壁构型中,端壁平均Nu数可降低4.4%,叶栅出口总压损失可减小2.3%。 相似文献
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Ravi Bathe V. Sai Krishna S. K. Nikumb G. Padmanabham 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2014,117(1):117-123
Laser surface texturing process involves creation of microfeatures, e.g., tiny dimples, usually distributed in a certain pattern, covering only a fraction of the surface of the material that is being treated. The process offers several advantages for tribological applications, including improved load capacity, wear resistance, lubrication lifetime, and reduced friction coefficient. In the present study, the surface modification of gray cast iron, using millisecond (λ = 1,064 nm), nanosecond (λ = 1,064 nm) and femtosecond (λ = 800 nm) pulse duration laser irradiation, is adopted to establish a particular geometrical pattern with dimple features and dimensions, to improve wear and friction behavior. The effect of various laser processing parameters, including laser pulse energy, pulse duration and processing speed, on the performance characteristics of the laser-treated samples is investigated. The microtextured surfaces were produced on gray cast iron using different millisecond (0.5 ms), nanosecond (40 ns) and femtosecond (120 fs) laser source with the dimple depth between 3 and 15 μm. The coefficient of friction for the untextured surface was ~0.55, millisecond laser textured ~0.31, nanosecond laser textured ~0.02 and femtosecond laser ~0.01, under normal force of 50 N and sliding speed of 63 mm/s. Surface texturing of the gray cast iron surface using femtosecond pulse duration resulted in significant improvement in wear resistance in comparison to the untextured as well as millisecond and nanosecond laser-textured surface. 相似文献
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V. L. Popov 《Physical Mesomechanics》2016,19(2):115-122
It is known that the coefficient of friction generally depends on a large number of system and loading parameters. Already Coulomb presented experimental evidence that the static coefficient of friction may depend on time, on normal force, on the contact size, on the nature of contacting materials, and on the presence of intermediate lubricant layers. For the sliding coefficient of friction, he observed the dependence on the sliding velocity as well as the force and size dependencies. Later research has shown that the friction coefficient is very sensitive to the presence of oscillations (including self-excited vibrations). In spite of the practical importance of the problem, no generalized laws of friction or empirical procedures for measuring and representing the law of friction have been developed so far, which included at least the following four parameters: contacting body velocity, normal force, shape (and thus implicitly size), and time. In the present paper, we discuss the question of how the dimension of space of governing parameters can be reduced and if a small set of “robust governing parameters” of friction can be identified. We argue that one of such robust governing parameters is the indentation depth (or relative approach) of contacting bodies and discuss further candidates for the role of robust governing parameters. 相似文献
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Surface texturing has been recognized as an effective means to improve the tribological performances of sliding surfaces. Usually, generation additional hydrodynamic pressure to increase the load carrying capacity is regarded as the most significant effect of surface texture. In the case of silicon carbide sliding against identical material in water, the experimental results indicate that surface texture is also helpful to improve the running-in progress to smooth the contact surfaces, showing another reason to result in low friction. Based on the consideration of enhancing the generation of hydrodynamic pressure and improving running-in progress, a surface texture pattern, which was combined with large (circle, 350 μm in diameter) and small (rectangular, 40 μm in length) dimples, was designed to maximize the texture effect on the load carrying capacity of SiC surfaces sliding in water. The friction coefficient of such textured surface was evaluated and compared with that of untextured and those only with large or small dimples only. The friction reduction mechanisms of the patterns with different dimples in size are discussed. 相似文献
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Low temperature ion sulfuration technique was utilized to prepare the solid lubrication iron sulfide (FeS) film on the surface of die-steel AISI L6. The friction and wear behaviors of sulfurized L6 steel were investigated on the ring-on-block tester of MM-200 under dry sliding condition. Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were adopted to analyze the morphologies and compositions of surfaces and wear scars of the FeS film. X-ray diffractometer was used to study the film phase structure. Scanning Auger microprobe was employed to detect the elements distribution with depth. The results showed that the tribological properties of sulfurized L6 steel were superior to that of the unsulfurized one. 相似文献
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In this communication, several sliding friction formulations used in spur gear dynamics are examined and compared in terms of the predictions of interfacial friction forces and off-line-of-action motions. Competing friction formulations include Coulomb models with time-varying friction coefficients and empirical expressions based on elasto-hydrodynamic and/or boundary lubrication regime principles. Predicted results compare well with friction force measurements. 相似文献
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On the basis of elastohydrodynamic model,the present study numerically analyzes the effect of various microdimple texture shapes,namely,circular,square,oriented isosceles triangular,on the pumping rate and the friction torque of radial lip seals,and determines the microdimple texture shape that can produce positive pumping rate.The area ratio,depth and shape dimension of a single texture are the most important geometric parameters which influence the tribological performance.According to the selected texture shape,parameter analysis is conducted to determine the optimal combination for the above three parameters.Simultaneously,the simulated performances of radial lip seal with texture on the shaft surface are compared with those of the conventional lip seal without any texture on the shaft surface. 相似文献
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We study the response of an adsorbed monolayer under a driving force as a model of sliding friction phenomena between two crystalline surfaces with a boundary lubrication layer. Using Langevin-dynamics simulation, we determine the nonlinear response in the direction transverse to a high symmetry direction along which the layer is already sliding. We find that below a finite transition temperature there exist a critical depinning force and hysteresis effects in the transverse response in the dynamical state when the adlayer is sliding smoothly along the longitudinal direction. 相似文献
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The method of transition from light friction (rolling) to heavy friction (sliding) is used for analyzing the principal departure from Amonton's law (force of sliding friction T proportional to the normal pressure force N) for several metal — nonmetal pairs when the sliding time t approaches zero. It appears that the departure mode is, under these conditions, the same for all pairs which have been tested here. Experimental and theoretical evidence is given to prove that all other modes of departure from Amonton's law represent consequences of changes in the rubbing surfaces which occur during sliding and that, therefore, such departures will appear only after a long enough period of sliding.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 11, pp. 94–98, November, 1974. 相似文献
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掺硅类金刚石(Si-DLC) 薄膜表现出优异的摩擦学性能, 在潮湿空气和高温中显示出极低的摩擦系数和很好的耐磨性, 但是许多实验表明Si-DLC膜的摩擦性能受其硅含量的影响很大. 因此, 本文采用分子动力学模拟的方法分别研究干摩擦和油润滑两种情况下不同硅含量的Si-DLC膜的摩擦过程. 滑移结果表明干摩擦时DLC膜和掺硅DLC膜之间生成了一层转移膜, 而油润滑时则为边界膜. 因此干摩擦时的摩擦力明显大于油润滑时的摩擦力. 少量添加硅确实能降低DLC膜的摩擦力, 但是硅含量大于20%后对DLC膜的摩擦行为几乎无影响. 干摩擦时硅含量对转移膜内键的数量影响很大, 转移膜内CC键和CSi键都先增加后减少, 滑移结束时几乎不含CSi键. 相似文献
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Study on effect of dimples on friction of parallel surfaces under different sliding conditions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The influence of rectangle dimples with flat bottom on the friction of parallel surfaces at different sliding conditions is investigated based on lubrication equations. The elastic deformation of rough surfaces is evaluated using continuous convolution fast Fourier transform (CC-FFT). The friction coefficients for dimpled and non-dimpled parallel surfaces by simulation are compared with experimental results. Results show that this kind of dimples can reduce the friction coefficient for cases with the smaller ratio of film thickness to roughness (h/Rq), small roughness or large applied load. The friction force for the parallel surfaces can decrease due to the dimple effect over the range of the larger sliding speed, larger load or smoother surfaces. 相似文献