Magnetic order in hybrid frustrated magnets Gd(2-x)Tb(x)Ti2O7 (x = 0.2 and 0.5)

We report on the specific heat, magnetization and ac susceptibility measurements of single crystals of hybrid frustrated magnets Gd(1.8)Tb(0.2)Ti(2)O(7) and Gd(1.5)Tb(0.5)Ti(2)O(7). The analysis of experimental data revealed that, although partial replacing of the Gd(3+) ions by the Tb(3+) ions in the Gd(2)Ti(2)O(7) host lattice slightly enhances antiferromagnetic coupling, as inferred from the evolution of the paramagnetic Curie-Weiss temperature, the ordering temperature gradually decreases. Paramagnetic correlations introduced by the Tb(3+) ions cause this perturbation, altering the effective further neighbor interactions and destabilizing the ground state in Gd(2)Ti(2)O(7). In addition, the low-energy states of Gd(2-x)Tb(x)Ti(2)O(7) are suggested to possess a nature different from those in parent members Tb(2)Ti(2)O(7) and Gd(2)Ti(2)O(7). Finally, the frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility behavior in Gd(1.5)Tb(0.5)Ti(2)O(7) is consistent with the formation of a spin-glass-like state indicating a pronounced slowing down of the dynamical response of the studied hybrid magnets.     

Slow spin relaxation in a highly polarized cooperative paramagnet

We report measurements of the ac susceptibility of the cooperative paramagnet Tb2Ti2O7 in a strong magnetic field. Our data show the expected saturation maximum in chi(T) and also an unexpected frequency dependence of this peak at low frequencies (<1 Hz), suggesting very slow spin relaxations are occurring. Measurements on samples diluted with nonmagnetic Y3+ or Lu3+ and complementary measurements on pure and diluted Dy2Ti2O7 strongly suggest that the relaxation is associated with dipolar spin correlations, representing unusual cooperative behavior in a paramagnetic system.     

Absence of long-range magnetic ordering in the pyrochlore compound Er2Sn2O7

The low temperature behaviour of powder Er2Sn2O7 samples has been studied by magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity, and neutron scattering experiments. We report here the absence of magnetic ordering down to 100 mK. Anomalies in the heat capacity can be accounted for through an analysis of the crystal field spectrum observed by inelastic neutron scattering spectroscopy. These new measurements on Er2Sn2O7 suggest a new lower bound for the frustration index of f = |Θ(CW)|/T(N) = 14/0.1 = 140, placing this compound into a highly frustrated regime.     

The transition from ferromagnet to cluster-glass in La(1-x)Tb(x)Mn1/2Sc1/2O3

We report the structural and magnetic properties of the La(1-x)Tb(x)Mn(1/2)Sc(1/2)O(3) series. LaMn(1/2)Sc(1/2)O(3) shows a long range ferromagnetic ordering in agreement with a fully polarized Mn-sublattice. The substitution of La with Tb produces structural changes which affect the magnetic properties. This substitution leads to a contraction in the unit cell volume that mainly reduces the M-O-M bond angle (M = Mn, Sc). The bending of this angle decreases the Mn-O-Mn superexchange interaction and enhances the competition between nearest-neighbour and next-nearest-neighbour interactions. Accordingly, the magnetic ground state changes from ferromagnetic to a glassy magnetic state. Large thermal irreversibility between zero-field-cooled and field-cooled conditions is observed for all samples. The study of the dynamic magnetic properties has been performed using the frequency dependent real part of the ac magnetic susceptibility. The use of both the Vogel-Fulcher law and the conventional critical slowing down law yields similarly good accuracies in the fits. The relaxation times obtained from both laws concur with the existence of a cluster-glass for x ≥ 0.5 samples.     

Microscopic evidence of spin state order and spin state phase separation in layered cobaltites RBaCo2O5.5 with R=Y, Tb, Dy, and Ho

We report muon-spin relaxation measurements on the magnetic structures of RBaCo2O(5.5) with R=Y, Tb, Dy, and Ho. Three different phases, one ferrimagnetic and two antiferromagnetic, are identified below 300 K. They consist of different ordered spin state arrangements of high-, intermediate-, and low-spin Co3+ of CoO6 octahedra. Phase separation into well separated regions with different spin state order is observed in the antiferromagnetic phases. The unusual strongly anisotropic magnetoresistance and its onset at the FM-AFM phase boundary is explained.     

Structural Fluctuations in the spin-liquid state of Tb2Ti2O7

High-resolution x-ray scattering measurements on single crystal Tb2Ti2O7 reveal finite structural correlations at low temperatures. This geometrically frustrated pyrochlore is known to exhibit a spin-liquid or cooperative paramagnetic state at temperatures below approximately 20 K. Parametric studies of structural Bragg peaks appropriate to the Fd3[over ]m space group of Tb2Ti2O7 reveal substantial broadening and peak intensity reduction in the temperature regime 20 K to 300 mK. We also observe a small, anomalous lattice expansion on cooling below a density maximum at approximately 18 K. These measurements are consistent with the development of fluctuations above a cooperative Jahn-Teller, cubic-tetragonal phase transition at very low temperatures.     

量子自旋液体候选材料的缪子自旋弛豫研究

量子自旋液体是一种新奇的磁性物态。由于极强的量子涨落,直至零温都不会出现长程序。量子自旋液体的基态不能用序参量描述,并且缺少对称性破缺,因此该物态的实现打破朗道理论的范式。对于量子自旋液体的研究有助于理解高温超导的机理,并且可以被应用在量子计算和量子信息中。目前,尽管理论上有了长足的发展,但仍旧没有任何一个材料被证实为量子自旋液体。因此,探测和确认一个真正的量子自旋液体材料是当前的研究重点。缪子自旋弛豫是一个对磁场极为敏感的实验技术,被广泛应用于量子自旋液体候选材料的研究中。该技术可以观测基态中是否存在磁有序,测量系统中的涨落频率,这两点都是表征量子自旋液体的重要性质。本文简要介绍了量子自旋液体态和缪子自旋弛豫技术,回顾了近期在不同体系的量子自旋液体候选材料中的实验结果,特别是缪子自旋弛豫的成果。这些体系包括一维反铁磁海森堡链（苯甲酸铜）,三角格子（YbMgGaO4,NaYbO2 和TbInO3）,笼目格[ZnCu3(OH)6Cl2 和 m3Sb3Zn2O14],蜂窝状格子（Na2IrO3 和 α-RuCl3）,以及烧绿石结构（Tb2Ti2O7,Pr2Ir2O7 和Ce2Zr2O7）。     

Tb3+离子的荧光光谱与其晶体场点对称性的对应关系

本文用量子力学和群论方法,讨论了镧系离子f⁸电子构型的荧光光谱与其所处的晶体场对称性的对应关系,并以苯甲酸单晶的低温精细光谱为例讨论其近邻配位结构,为用荧光光谱研究f⁸电子构型的镧系离子近邻配位结构提供参考.     

Microscopic study of a pressure-induced ferromagnetic-spin-glass transition in the geometrically frustrated pyrochlore (Tb1-xLax)2Mo2O7

We have studied (Tb1-xLax)2Mo2O7 pyrochlores by neutron diffraction and muSR at ambient and under applied pressure. (Tb,La) substitution expands the lattice and induces a change from a spin-glass-like state (x=0) to a noncollinear ferromagnet (x=0.2). In the ferromagnetic structure, the Tb moments orient close to their local anisotropy axes as for an ordered spin ice, while the Mo ones orient close to the net moment. The temperature dependence of the muSR relaxation rates and static local fields suggests a second transition of dynamical nature below the Curie transition. Under pressure, the long range order breaks down and a spin-glass-like state is recovered. The whole set of data provides a microscopic picture of the spin correlations and fluctuations in the region of the ferromagnetic-spin-glass threshold.     

Direct evidence for a dynamical ground state in the highly frustrated Tb(2)Sn(2)O(7) pyrochlore

mSR experiments have been performed on a powder sample of the "ordered spin ice" Tb(2)Sn(2)O(7) pyrochlore. At base temperature (T=35 mK), the muon relaxation is found to be of dynamical nature, which demonstrates that strong fluctuations persist below the ferromagnetic transition (T(C)=0.87 K). Hints of long-range ordering appear as oscillations of the muon polarization when an external field is applied and also as a hysteretic behavior below T(C). We propose that dynamics results from fluctuations of clusters of correlated spins with the ordered spin ice structure.     

Coupling of frustrated ising spins to the magnetic cycloid in multiferroic TbMnO(3)

We report on diffraction measurements on multiferroic TbMnO(3) which demonstrate that the Tb- and Mn-magnetic orders are coupled below the ferroelectric transition T(FE) = 28 K. For T相似文献   

Spin waves and quantum criticality in the frustrated XY pyrochlore antiferromagnet Er2Ti2O7

We report detailed measurements of the low temperature magnetic phase diagram of Er2Ti2O7. Heat capacity and time-of-flight neutron scattering studies of single crystals reveal unconventional low-energy states. Er3+ magnetic ions reside on a pyrochlore lattice in Er2Ti2O7, where local XY anisotropy and antiferromagnetic interactions give rise to a unique frustrated system. In zero field, the ground state exhibits coexisting short and long-range order, accompanied by soft collective spin excitations previously believed to be absent. The application of finite magnetic fields tunes the ground state continuously through a landscape of noncollinear phases, divided by a zero temperature phase transition at micro{0}H{c} approximately 1.5 T. The characteristic energy scale for spin fluctuations is seen to vanish at the critical point, as expected for a second order quantum phase transition driven by quantum fluctuations.     

Dynamic properties of a diluted pyrochlore cooperative paramagnet (Tb(p)Y(1-p))2Ti2O7

Investigations of the spin dynamics of the geometrically frustrated pyrochlore (Tb(p)Y(1-p))2Ti2O7, using muon spin relaxation and neutron spin echo, as a function of magnetic coverage p, have been carried out. Our major finding is that paramagnetic fluctuations prevail as T-->0 for all values of p, and that they are sensitive to dilution, indicating a cooperative spin motion. However, the percolation threshold pc is not a critical point for the fluctuations. We also find that the low temperature spectral density has a 1/f behavior, and that dilution slows down the spin fluctuations.     

DyxTbyY1-x-yP5O14晶体的荧光性质

研究了DyxTbgY1-x-yP5O14晶体的荧光特征,Dy3+离子对Tb3+离子5D3能级的猝灭作用和对5D4能级的敏化作用,讨论了Tb3+离子和Dy3+离子浓度间的关系及对荧光强度和荧光寿命的影响。     

muSR study of the quantum dynamics in the frustrated S=3/2 kagomé bilayers

We present muSR experiments in the S=3/2 kagomé bilayer compound Ba(2)Sn(2)ZnGa(10-7p)Cr(7p)O22 [BSZCGO(p)] and compare it to the isostructural SrCr(9p)Ga(12-9p)O19 [SCGO(p)], including for the latter new results for p > or =0.89. Quantum-dynamical low energy magnetic excitations are evidenced in this novel compound. We study the evolution of the muon relaxation rate with p, T, and field. A phenomenological model for the muon relaxation based on sporadic dynamics due to spin excitations in a singlet sea proposed by Uemura et al. is extended to all fields and T range. Its connection to the RVB picture is discussed, and we argue that such coherent states might mediate the interactions between "impurities" which induce the spin glass freezing.     

Dy~(3+)和Tb~(3+)掺杂镓硼锗硅酸盐玻璃发光性能

采用高温熔融法分别制备了高含量Tb~(3+)单掺和Dy~(3+)/Tb~(3+)共掺的镓硼锗硅酸盐(GBSG)发光玻璃,并分析了其光谱性能。根据Dy~(3+)和Tb~(3+)掺杂的镓硼锗硅酸盐(GBSG)玻璃的激发和发射光谱、荧光寿命衰减曲线等特性,探讨了Dy~(3+)与Tb~(3+)之间的能量传递关系。结果表明:玻璃的发光强度和荧光寿命随着Tb~(3+)、Dy~(3+)含量的增加而减少。与相同摩尔浓度的单掺玻璃相比,共掺玻璃发光强度的衰减速率先减慢而后加快。Tb~(3+)、Dy~(3+)离子之间的能量传递方式为无辐射共振能量传递和~4F_(9/2)+~7F_6→~6H_(15/2)+~5D_4交叉弛豫效应。     

Nuclear spin resonance of (129)Xe doped with O(2)

Spin-lattice relaxation of (129)Xe nuclei in solid natural xenon has been investigated in detail over a large range of paramagnetic O(2) impurity concentrations. Direct measurements of the ground state magnetic properties of the O(2) are difficult because the ESR (electron spin resonance) lines of O(2) are rather unstructured, but NMR measurements in the liquid helium temperature region (1.4-4 K) are very sensitive to the effective magnetic moments associated with the spin 1 Zeeman levels of the O(2) molecules and to the O(2) magnetic relaxation. From these measurements, the value of the D[Sz(2)-(1/3)S(2)] spin-Hamiltonian term of the triplet spin ground state of O(2) can be determined. The temperature and magnetic field dependence of the measured paramagnetic O(2)-induced excess line width of the (129)Xe NMR signal agree well with the theoretical model with the spin-Hamiltonian D=0.19 meV (2.3 K), and with the reasonable assumption that the E[S(x)(2)-S(y)(2)] spin-Hamiltonian term is close to 0 meV. An anomalous temperature dependence between 1.4 K and 4.2K of the (129)Xe spin-lattice relaxation rate, T(1n)(-1)(T), is also accounted for by our model. Using an independent determination of the true O(2) concentration in the Xe-O(2) solid, the effective spin lattice relaxation time (which will be seen to be transition dependent) of the O(2) at 2.3 K and 0.96 T is determined to be approximately 1.4 x 10(-8)s. The experimental results, taken together with the relaxation model, suggest routes for bringing highly spin-polarized (129)Xe from the low temperature condensed phase to higher temperatures without excessive depolarization.     

LiVGe2O6, an anomalous quasi-1D, S = 1 system, as revealed by NMR

We report the results of 7Li nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies of LiVGe2O6, a quasi-one-dimensional spin S = 1 model system, at low temperatures. Our data, including NMR spectra and the temperature dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation rate T-11, indicate that a first-order phase transition occurs at T(c) approximately 23 K. The NMR response of LiVGe2O6 below T(c) suggests that the ordered phase is antiferromagnetic and has unusual features. Possible reasons for this unexpected behavior are discussed.     

Ce~(3+)、Tb~(3+)在SrZnP_2O_7材料中的发光及能量传递

采用高温固相法制备了Ce3+、Tb3+激活的SrZnP2O7材料,并研究了材料的发光性质。在290 nm紫外光激发下,SrZnP2O7∶Ce3+材料的发射光谱为双峰宽谱,主峰位于329 nm。SrZnP2O7∶Tb3+材料的发射光谱由420,443,491,545,587,625 nm六个峰组成,分别对应Tb3+的5D3→7F5、5D3→7F4、5D4→7F6、5D4→7F5、5D4→7F4和5D4→7F3特征发射;监测545 nm最强发射峰,所得激发光谱覆盖200~400 nm,主峰为380 nm。研究了Ce3+、Tb3+在SrZnP2O7材料中的能量传递过程,发现,Ce3+对Tb3+具有很强的敏化作用,提高了SrZnP2O7∶Tb3+材料的发射强度,当Ce3+摩尔分数为3%时,SrZnP2O7∶Tb3+材料的发射强度提高了近2倍。引入电荷补偿剂可提高SrZnP2O7∶Tb3+材料的发射强度,其中以掺入Li+和Cl-时效果最明显。