Odderon with a running coupling constant

The running coupling is introduced into the equation for the odderon via the bootstrap relation. It is shown that the previously found odderon state with a maximal intercept, which is constructed from an antisymmetric pomeron wave function, continues to exist in the running coupling case. Its intercept is found to remain equal to unity independent of the behaviour assumed for the running coupling at low momenta.     

On the odderon intercept in perturbative QCD

Arguments are presented for the odderon intercept being exactly equal to unity. A variational method is presented based on a complete system of one-gluon functions. For the odderon, the highest intercept calculated by this method is 1 - (3α _s/π) 0.45.     

Pomeron and odderon in high energypp andp\bar p elastic scattering

High energypp and data on elastic scattering and total cross sections are analyzed in a model including the pomeron, odderon and secondary reggeons. A dipole model is used for the pomeron and for the odderon. By construction, our (bare) pomeron ansatz produces a single dip, as observed experimentally. The model reproduces the logarithmically rising cross sections with a unit pomeron intercept, but better fits are obained when a small non-zero value of the parameter = _p (0) is allowed for. Predictions for the future accelerators (UNK, LHC, SSC) are given.On leave of absence from the Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kiev-130, USSR     

Conformal properties of the odderon in QCD

We construct, in the framework of QCD, the conformally invariant functional whose maximal value gives the J-plane location of the leading singularity of the t-channel partial waves in LLA for diagrams with n reggeized gluons. In the case of the odderon the wave function in impact-parameter space depends on only one anharmonic ratio and the corresponding functional is significantly simplified. We discuss in the variational approach the relation between the odderon and the pomeron in QCD. A semiquantitative argument is given that the intercept of the odderon in LLA is probably bigger than 1.     

Pomeron的胶子内容

指出Pomeron可以被看作为具有Regge轨道α_p(t)=1.08+0.2GeV^－2t的Regge化的胶子球.理论成功地预言了实验上观测到的质子一质子弹性散射的总截面.理论与实验的最好符合给出了张量胶子球到质子反质子道的衰变宽度为9±3MeV,其总宽度大于50MeV.并且排除了张量胶子球的自旋为4的可能性.     

QCD Coulomb gauge approach to exotic hadrons

The Coulomb gauge Hamiltonian model is used to calculate masses for selected J^PC states consisting of exotic combinations of quarks and gluons: ggg glueballs (oddballs), qˉg hybrid mesons and qˉqˉ tetraquark systems. An odderon Regge trajectory is computed for the J^- glueballs with intercept much smaller than the pomeron, explaining its nonobservation. The lowest 1^-+ hybrid-meson mass is found to be just above 2.2GeV while the lightest tetraquark state mass with these exotic quantum numbers is predicted around 1.4GeV consistent with the observed π(1400).     

Gluonic Origin and Glueball Nature of Pomeron

The Pomeron-nucleon coupling vertex is theoretically derived from the fundamental theory of strong interaction QCD. The empirical vertex βγ^μF1 （t） used commonly in diffractive processes with a coupling strength β = 6.0 GeV^-1 is initially obtained from QCD theoretically. Our study not only reproduces the Pomeron-nucleon coupling from QCD but also clearly shows the gluonlc origin and glueball nature of Pomeron, which is a longstanding puzzle. From this investigation, we claim that Pomeron can be regarded as a Reggeized tensor glueball ζ（2230） with quantum numbers of I^GJ^PC = 0＋2＋＋. Since the tensor glueball ζ（2230） lies on the Pomeron trajectory αp（t = Mζ^2） = 2, the longstanding puzzle that no physical particle lies on the Pomeron trajectory, αp（t） = 1.08 ＋ 0.20 GeV^-2 .t, seems to be solved.     

Hadronic spectra from deformed AdS backgrounds

Because of the presence of modified warp factors in metric tensors,we use deformed AdS_5 spaces to apply the AdS/CFT correspondence to calculate the spectra for even and odd glueballs,scalar and vector mesons,and baryons with different spins.For the glueball cases,we derive their Regge trajectories and compare them with those related to the pomeron and the odderon.For the scalar and vector mesons,as well as baryons,the determined masses are compatible with the PDG.In particular,for these hadrons we found Regge trajectories compatible with another holographic approach as well as with the hadronic spectroscopy,which present an universal Regge slope of approximately 1.1 GeV~2.     

Odderon and pomeron from the vacuum correlator method

Glueball masses with J?7$J?7$ are computed both for C=+1$C=+1$ and C=−1$C=-1$ using the string Hamiltonian derived in the framework of the vacuum correlator method. No fitting parameters are used, and masses are expressed in terms of string tension σ   and effective value of αs${\alpha }_s$. We extend the calculations done for J?3$J?3$ using the same Hamiltonian, which provided glueball masses in good agreement with existing lattice data, to higher mass states. It is shown that ³⁻⁻,⁵⁻⁻$3^{--},5^{--}$ and ⁷⁻⁻$7^{--}$ states lie on the odderon trajectories with the intercept around or below 0.14. Another odderon trajectory with 3g glueballs of Y-shape, corresponds to 11% higher masses and low intercept. These findings are in agreement with recent experimental data, setting limits on the odderon contribution to the exclusive γp reactions.     

Possible odderon effects in inclusive hadron production

We consider the possible contribution of odderon (reggeon with α _Odd(0)∼1 and negative signature) exchange to the differences in the inclusive spectra of particle and antiparticle in the central region. The energies and/or accuracy of the currently available experimental data do not allow for a clear conclusion on the presence of an odderon component, but the upcoming LHC data should finally elucidate the question of the existence of the odderon.     

Vector meson J/ψ,φ electro-production in QCD

We study the vector meson electro-production off the proton in a QCD inspired model.A calculation of the differential cross section is performed for the J/ψ,φ meson off the proton.The theoretical results are consistent with the experimental data,and remind us to consider the contribution from the tensor glueball and Odderon to the differential cross section.Since gluons interact among themselves via self-interaction,the gluons can form a glueball with quantum numbers IG,JPC =0+,2++,with a decay width Γt =100 MeV and mass of mG = 2.23 GeV.The three gluons can form a three gluon color bound state with charge conjugation quantum number C =-1.This study is quite important to verify the validity of QCD and to search for new particles(tensor glueball and Odderon) as well as quest for new physics.     

Odderon and photon exchange in electroproduction of pseudoscalar mesons

We investigate the reaction where PS denotes a pseudoscalar meson , , , or and X either a proton or resonance or continuum state into which the proton can go by diffractive excitation. At high energies photon and odderon exchange contribute to the reaction. The photon exchange contribution is evaluated exactly using data for the total virtual photon-proton absorption cross section. The odderon exchange contribution is calculated in nonperturbative QCD, using functional integral techniques and the model of the stochastic vacuum. For the proton we assume a quark-diquark structure as suggested by the small odderon amplitude in pp and forward scattering. We show that odderon exchange leads to a much larger inelastic than elastic PS production cross section. Observation of our reaction at HERA would establish the soft odderon as an exchange object on an equal footing with the soft pomeron and would give us valuable insight into both the nucleon structure and the mechanism of high energy diffractive scattering. Received: 2 February 1999 / Revised version: 22 March 1999 / Published online: 28 May 1999     

Effect of glueball exchange in DTU

The inclusion of glueball exchange within the DTU program is known to replace the P-f identity scheme by the standard P + f scheme. We show that the output pomeron and reggeon parameters easily get realistic values when the glueball is a strongly coupled object of Regge intercept near 0.6.     

Stringent tests of constrained Minimal Flavor Violation through ΔF=2 transitions

An extended version of the AdS/QCD soft-wall model that incorporates QCD-like anomalous contributions to the dimensions of gauge theory operators is proposed. This exploratory approach leads to a relation between scalar glueball masses and beta functions. Using this relation, the properties of the glueball mass spectroscopy that emerge from phenomenological beta functions proposed in the literature are investigated. The reverse problem is also considered: starting from a linear Regge trajectory which fits the lattice glueball masses, beta functions with different asymptotic infrared behaviors are found. Remarkably, some of them present a fixed point at finite coupling.     

OddC exchange in high-energy\bar pp andpp scattering

The possible existence of an oddC vacuum Regge pole (odderon) and its contribution to high-energy elastic \(\bar pp\) andpp scattering is studied in a model used earlier to fit data. A parametrization of the odderon which matches QCD is discussed.     

How can the odderon be detected at RHIC and LHC?

The odderon remains an elusive object, 33 years after its invention. The odderon is now a fundamental object in QCD and it has to be found experimentally if QCD is right. In the present paper, we show how to find it at RHIC and LHC. The most spectacular signature of the odderon is the predicted difference between the differential cross-sections for proton–proton and antiproton–proton at high s and moderate t. This experiment can be done by using the STAR detector at RHIC and by combining these future data with the already present UA4/2 data. The odderon could also be found by the ATLAS experiment at LHC by performing a high-precision measurement of the real part of the hadron elastic scattering amplitude at small t.     

关于软坡密子可能的胶子球本质(英文)

通过把坡密子与观察到的量子数为 IGJPC=0+2++的同位旋张量介子联系起来的思想, 研究了坡密子的胶子内涵。 有4个由胶子组成的这样的介子都满足坡密子自旋与质量的关系。 这些坡密子的候选者可能是混杂态。 它们其中之一 f2(2 220)介子可能包含着最大的胶子球成分。 阐明了实验上还不清楚的关于这个介子宽度的问题, 并给出了它的理论下限。 也说明为什么这个介子没有在p实验中发现的原因。 We study the gluonic content of the Pomeron through relating the Pomeron trajectory to the observed IGJPC=0+2++ isoscalar tensor mesons. Four of these mesons satisfy the spin mass relation of the Pomeron. These Pomeronian candidates may be hybrid states. One of them, the f2(2 220) meson, can have a predominant glueball component. We address the unsettled experimental situation about the width of this meson and give a theoretical lower bound for it. We also show why this meson has not been seen in p experiments.