《实用原子光谱分析》

本书简要地介绍了原子光谱分析技术及其在我国的发展过程,比较系统地介绍了原子发射光谱、原子吸收光谱和原子荧光光谱分析的原理,较全面地介绍了三种原子光谱分析的仪器、分析技术、干扰及其消除方法。对联用技术、分析样品的前处理技术、分析测试数据的统计处理方法进行了较详细的介绍。书号:9787122169815定价:108.0元开本:16出版日期:2013年8月化学工业出版社出版     

异原子配位结构碳基单原子电催化剂结构与性能相关性的研究进展

单原子催化剂是一类以相互孤立的单个金属原子作为催化活性中心的、 具有高原子经济性及高活性的负载型催化剂, 被广泛应用于能源电催化领域. 近年来, 通过使用两种或两种以上原子与活性中心金属原子配位, 构建具有异原子配位结构的单原子材料, 展现了优异的电催化性能. 研究发现, 这种不对称的配位结构有效调控了中心金属原子的电子结构, 优化了催化反应的吸附和脱附能量, 提高了电催化的性能. 本文综合评述了具有异原子配位结构碳基单原子电催化剂的合成策略、 表征技术与方法, 以及在前沿能源电催化应用中的催化剂性能与结构之间的构效关系, 并展望了异原子配位结构碳基单原子电催化剂的研究前景.     

原子吸收光谱和原子发射光谱法测定酸雨中钾、钠、钙、镁方法比较

采用原子吸收光谱法和原子发射光谱法分别测定了酸雨中的钾、钠、钙、镁4种元素的含量,并对两种方法的样品前处理技术、标准曲线、方法检出限、准确度、精密度、干扰及消除等进行了比较研究。结果表明,两种方法无显著性差异,均可用于酸雨中钾、钠、钙、镁4种元素的测定。     

二步萃取-缝式石墨管原子捕集原子吸收法测定水样中的硒(Ⅳ)和硒(Ⅵ)

本文研究了水样中的硒(Ⅳ)和硒(Ⅵ)在DDTC-MIBK体系中的选择性萃取和反萃取,并用缝式石墨管原子捕集技术结合火焰原子吸收法,通过二步萃取,测定了水样中的硒(Ⅳ)和硒(Ⅵ)。     

用于氧还原电催化的Fe-M-N-C基双原子催化剂的研究进展（英文）

实现质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的商业化应用亟需开发出低成本的高效氧还原(ORR)电催化剂以替代昂贵的Pt基材料.过去十余年,研究人员对由M-N_x活性位点和富缺陷碳质基底组成的热解M-N-C基单原子催化剂进行了深入的研究,以期进一步提高催化剂的性能并降低成本.其中, Fe-N-C基单原子催化剂表现出了较好的催化性能和巨大的应用潜力.近年来人们发现,在单原子催化剂中引入另一种金属原子组成的双原子催化剂具有特殊的几何构型和电子结构,有利于反应过程中原子间相互作用,使催化性能进一步提高.其中,在Fe-N-C基催化剂中引入另一种金属原子组成的Fe-M-N-C双原子催化剂(M代表金属)可以进一步激发Fe-N-C催化剂的本征活性,相关研究也吸引了越来越多的关注.本文综述了Fe-M-N-C基双原子催化剂催化ORR过程的研究进展.首先,讨论了双原子催化剂催化ORR的机制,其中引入的第二种金属原子通过协同和/或调制效应发挥作用.其后,系统总结了Fe-M-N-C的合成方法、表征技术和计算方法,以进一步推动双原子催化剂的研究.再后,根据金属原子之间的相互作用,将双原子催化剂分为Ma...     

缝管增强火焰原子吸收分析灵敏度的研究—铅的测定

近年来,人们为了提高火焰原子吸收光谱分析的灵敏度,采用了一些新技术.Watling首先提出使用开缝石英管提高火焰原子吸收法测定某些元素的分析灵敏度和准确度。之后,缝式石英管火焰原子吸收技术在实际工作中得到了应用和发展.最近,刘永铭等考察了管性能的影响,指出该技术的可行性。一般认为缝管火焰原子吸收法提     

原子转移自由基聚合的最新研究进展*

原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)是目前为止最具工业化应用前景的“活性”/可控自由基聚合之一。近年来对其广泛的研究使这一技术逐渐向着“提高可操作性”与“尽可能地减少金属催化剂用量”方面发展;与此同时,诞生了不同催化体系的ATRP衍生技术,如反向原子转移自由基聚合(RATRP)、正向反向同时引发的原子转移自由基聚合(SR&NI ATRP)、引发剂连续再生催化剂原子转移自由基聚合(ICAR ATRP)、电子转移生成催化剂的原子转移自由基聚合(AGET ATRP)和电子转移再生催化剂原子转移自由基聚合(ARGET ATRP)等多种基于ATRP的新方法。本文概述了这几种ATRP体系的发展历程与基本原理,并对其国内外的最新研究进展进行了综述。     

原子吸收光谱和原子发射光谱法测定工业废水中的总铬

为了探讨原子吸收光谱法和原子发射光谱法测定工业废水中的总铬分析方法的异同,分别采用两种方法对工业废水中的总铬进行了对比分析,对样品前处理方法,方法的标准曲线、检出限、准确度、精密度、干扰及消除等进行了比较,并对两种方法的测定结果进行t检验。结果表明,两种方法具有良好的一致性。相对来说,原子发射光谱法各方面指标要优于原子吸收光谱法。     

原子吸收和原子发射光谱法测定工业废水中总铬方法比对

为了探讨原子吸收光谱法和原子发射光谱法测定工业废水中的总铬分析方法的异同,本文分别采用两种方法对工业废水中的总铬进行对比分析,对样品前处理方法、标准曲线、方法检出限、准确度、精密度、干扰及消除等进行比较,并对两种方法的测定结果进行t检验。结果表明,两种方法具有良好的一致性。相对来说,原子发射光谱法各方面指标要优于原子吸收光谱法。     

原子吸收光谱法测定水中重金属镍的干扰研究进展

讨论了影响原子吸收光谱法测定水中镍元素的干扰因素及消除或抑制的方法,并展望了光谱干扰中背景校正技术和原子吸收仪器的发展前景.     

Effect of 254 NM Irradiation on Mercury Vapor

Abstract

Some observations are reported on the decay of the mercury atomic concentration as a result of irradiation with 254 nm radiation. The rate of fall of the atomic absorption is linearly related to the intensity of incident 254 nm radiation. Some possible mechanisms are suggested.     

Combined use of atomic spectrometric methods in the analysis of rocks

Standard reference materials of limestone, granite and argillite were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XFS), flame and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (F-AAS and G-AAS), and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The major elements Al, Ca, Fe, Si and Ti were determined by XFS and ICP-AES. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of the concentrations of the corresponding oxides obtained by XFS and ICP-AES were (1.36±0.51)% (n=18) and (1.30±0.70)% (n=17), respectively, on the average. The relative deviations (RD) from the certified values were (1.29±3.01)% (n=18) and (–0.69±5.48)% (n=14), respectively, on the average. The numbers in parentheses are the numbers of the single RSD- and RD-values used for the calculation of the averages and the relative standard deviations. Some minor and trace elements of the standard reference materials were determined by G-AAS and ICP-AES. The precision (RSD) was markedly better in the case of ICP-AES. On the other hand, the accuracy (RD) of both methods was about the same (7%). Apparently, the precision and the accuracy are primarily determined by the measuring technique and the sample pretreatment procedure, respectively. The analytical power of the combined use of atomic spectrometric methods is also discussed.     

分子轨道成分的计算

量子化学文献中经常涉及到“分子轨道成分”概念, 然而相应的计算方法却没有普遍得到重视, 甚至存在严重误区. 专门对分子轨道中基函数的成分、原子轨道的成分以及原子的成分这些基本概念和计算方法进行了详细讨论, 通过实例分析比较了不同方法间的差异, 同时指出了计算和分析时需要注意的问题, 给出了在方法选择上的建议.     

Experimental Parameters Affecting the Intensity of Cadmium Electrodeless Discharge Lamps

Abstract

Several experimental parameters have been found to affect the intensity of microwave excited electrodeless discharge emission at the cadmium resonance line (228.8 nm.). A thorough study of the effect of pressure of the fill gas, microwave power applied to the tube; and weight of Cd introduced into the tube has been accomplished. Direct comparisons of Cd resonance emission for the cases of He, Ne, Ar and air fill gases are presented. From these studies preductions of optimum conditions for construction and operation of Cd electrodeless discharge lamps may be made.     

Atomic decomposition of identity: General formalism for population analysis and energy decomposition

The concept of “atomic resolution of identity” has been introduced, leading to a very simple general formalism for generating different decomposition schemes of molecular quantities. Thus, different population analysis and energy partitioning schemes can be treated as special cases of a common framework. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2005     

Emission Characteristics of Jet Configurations for Jet-Boosted Glow Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometry

Comparisons of emission characteristics and analytical performance have been made between three types of jet configuration. These include cone-jet configuration, six-jet configuration, and cylinder-jet configuration. The cone-jet configuration shows the highest emission intensity among all jet configurations. Regardless of the jet configuration, the Cu II 224.70 nm emission line was found to be the most dominant of all Cu emission lines. The intensity ratios of the resonance line Cu I 324.75 to a nonresonance line Cu I 282.44 nm was 1.3 for the six-jet configuration, 2.3 for the cylinder jet, and 2.8 for the cone jet. This may indicate that self-absorption was significant in six-jet configuration. The effects of main and auxiliary gas flow rates on the emission characteristics for the cone jet configuration were also investigated. The intensity of Cu I at 324.75 and 327.40 nm decreases about 30% when the gas flow rate increased from 0 to 150 ml/min, while the intensities of Cu II 224.70 nm and the UV–Visible Cu I 510.55-, 515.32-, and 521.82-nm lines increased by a factor of 2 to 3. The decrease in intensity of the resonance line relative to the Cu II and Cu I green lines may be caused by self-absorption. The cone-jet and six-jet configurations show comparable values of precision, linearity, and detection limits, while the cylinder-jet configuration provides the worst analytical performance among three types of jet configurations. The linearity of the calibration curve was the worst in the six-jet configuration due to self-absorption.     

中华猕猴桃微量元素测定分析

用原子吸收分光光度法和原子荧光法测定了中华猕猴桃果实中的8种微量元素。结果表明,猕猴桃具有丰富的人体必需的微量元素,有较高开发利用价值。