高场核磁共振的数字正交检波方法

在核磁共振中,常规的正交检测技术采用两路相敏检波.因为两路相检波的相位和幅度存在不平衡而引起谱失真,所以必须用相位循环来消除.这增加了实验时间.本文提出并在MSL-300 NMR谱仪上实现了一种数字正交检波方法.这种方法使用单路相检波,避免了两路不平衡而引起的谱线失真,因此不需要相位循环技术     

DIGITAL QUADRATURE DETECTION IN HIGH FIELD NMR

在核磁共振中,常规的正交检测技术采用两路相敏检波.因为两路相检波的相位和幅度存在不平衡而引起谱失真,所以必须用相位循环来消除.这增加了实验时间.本文提出并在MSL-300 NMR谱仪上实现了一种数字正交检波方法.这种方法使用单路相检波,避免了两路不平衡而引起的谱线失真,因此不需要相位循环技术.     

核磁共振谱仪数字接收机的原理与实现

核磁共振波谱仪射频系统数字化是现代核磁谱仪的发展方向,用数字检波技术代替模拟正交检波是数字接收机的一项新技术.本文在分析模拟正交检波原理与不足的基础上,介绍了数字正交检波、过采样和采用中频直接采样的原理,及在400MHz核磁谱仪上的实现方案.     

光寻址电位传感器的正交相位检波检测方法

光寻址电位传感器的幅度检测方法易受噪声干扰,灵敏度差,信噪比和精度低,且受调制光源的影响较大,影响检测结果的准确性.为此提出了一种基于正交相位检波的光寻址电位传感器检测方法.该方法是将光寻址电位传感器的输出光电流信号分别与两路正交信号相乘,通过低通滤波提取直流分量并相除,即可得到光寻址电位传感器的输出信号相位信息.与已有的光寻址电位传感器相位检测方法相比,该方法具有算法复杂度低、实时性高的优点.实验研究了调制光源光强对光寻址电位传感器幅度检测和相位检测的影响,对比分析了光寻址电位传感器的传统幅度检测方法与正交相位检波检测方法对pH检测的灵敏度、线性度及信噪比.结果表明,相比于幅度检测方法,调制光源光强对光寻址电位传感器的相位检测影响更小,在频率为10 kHz,pH的范围为1.68~10.01的情况下,相位检测方法比幅度检测方法测得的灵敏度增加了7 mV/pH,精度提高了14.9 mpH,非线性误差减小了0.003%,均方差减少了0.1051×10^-5,信噪比增加了8.2827 dB.该方法特别适用于弱光下的光寻址电位传感器检测.     

双相正交数字相敏检波方案在光学监控中的应用与仿真

提出了采用双相正交数字相敏检波(DPSD)方案设计数字锁相放大器(DLIA)代替传统模拟锁相放大器,并应用到了真空镀膜光学监控系统(OMS)中。针对信噪比(SNRI)和相位延时对方案进行了仿真分析。结果证实了双相正交PSD方案的可行性。由于在输入信号采样频率一定时,OMS精度和实时性之间存在矛盾关系,所以应尽量提高输入信号采样频率以获得高的SNRI。在DLIA中采用低阶滤波器和较高截止频率还可以减轻输出波形过冲效应的影响。     

基于非正交二元相位板的多焦点阵列光镊

提出了一种基于非正交二元相位板的阵列光镊系统,此系统可以实现对非正交排列的多个粒子的稳定捕获。通过对高数值孔径物镜在紧聚焦条件下的傅里叶变换理论和遗传算法来设计二元相位,优化得到具有不同分束比的,具有高衍射效率、高均匀度的归一化相位转折点,进而根据相位转折点设计出具有不同倾斜角度的非正交二元相位板。利用此二元相位板可以获得高数值孔径物镜聚焦下的各种非正交分布的阵列光斑。利用此类非正交阵列光斑,在光镊实验中实现了对二氧化硅微球的稳定捕获。理论模拟与实验结果表明,此方法可以实现对非正交排列的大量粒子的稳定捕获,在纳米粒子阵列的外延生长领域有着良好的应用前景。     

相位-偏振编码的量子保密通信系统的研究

提出了一种新型的量子信息编码和解码新方法，并用全量子力学方法，对这种量子信息编码 技术进行了系统的理论分析.根据态叠加原理，可以用两个正交的偏振态，通过偏振干涉方 法合成一个新的偏振态.这个合成的偏振态由两个正交偏振态的相位差决定.改变相位差，就 可以合成各种不同的偏振态.而相位差的改变可以通过相位调制器来实现，从而可以用相位调制方法，实现对光子偏振态的编码和解码.这种方法可以随机地制备各种非正交偏振态， 也可以随机地产生各种非正交偏振态测量基，对各种非正交偏振态的光子进行检测和解码. 这种编码方法既具有相位编码方法传输距离大的优点，同时又克服了该方法信息损失过半的 缺点，还可以对光子的位相和偏振态进行精确补偿，有效地降低误码率. 关键词： 量子密钥分配 相位编码 偏振编码     

基于M-Z干涉仪的正交信号处理法波长解调系统

设计并制作了全光纤非平衡马赫-曾德干涉仪,并分析了几种典型的波长解调技术.采取了一种新的正交信号获取方法,并通过相位补偿实现了对波长偏移量的测量.波长变化引起的相位信息可以通过数字反正切函数和相位展开来提取.与传统的正交采样方法相比,其采样数据量大幅度增加,对快速变化的波长信息可以实现精确测量,并通过实验验证了该解调方法的可行性.实验结果表明,该系统可以对波长实现很好的解调.     

基于单矢量差分能量检测器的扩频水声通信

通过获得扩频处理增益, 直接序列扩频水声通信系统具有较高的稳定性, 是高质量水声通信及远程水声通信的首选通信方式. 但复杂的海洋环境使得直扩系统在解扩时受到载波相位跳变的影响, 这将导致直扩系统的扩频处理增益下降. 为此, 本文针对直扩系统提出了差分能量检测器算法, 通过比较接收端相关器输出能量完成解码, 并与有源平均声强器算法相结合, 提出单矢量差分能量检测器算法. 该算法具有很好的抗载波相位跳变和多途扩展干扰的能力, 并可对信号方位信息实时跟踪估计, 利用估计方位进行矢量组合可获得矢量处理增益, 从而保证直扩系统可以在低信噪比、时变信道条件下稳定工作. 通过仿真分析和大连海试试验, 验证了本文提出的单矢量差分能量检测器算法的有效性和稳健性.     

正交双色场中氢分子非次序双电离的研究

利用经典系综模型,研究了正交双色场作用下氢分子非次序双电离中双电离电子的相关特性.结果表明,双电离电子相关动量谱强烈地依赖于正交双色场的相对相位.通过改变正交双色场的相对相位,相关动量可以从反相关模式转变为相关模式.向后分析表明,相关电子动量谱对双色场相对相位的依赖关系起源于碰撞过程中碰撞电子碰撞角和碰撞动量对相对相位...     

磁共振成像的正交线圈数字合成方法研究

当采用正交线圈来提高接收通道的性能时,合成方法对整体效果有很大的影响. 由于在一般情况下正交线圈的2个线圈的信噪比存在不平衡,故需要采用加权合成的方法来优化合成图像的信噪比. 在现有的模拟合成方法中,加权系数是固定的,不能根据每次扫描的实际情况来确定最优的参数,因此无法得到最佳的合成效果. 该文提出一种简单的磁共振正交线圈成像的数字合成方法,它采用2个完全独立的接收通道来采集磁共振信号,根据两通道信号的特性来动态地确定I/Q线圈的加权因子,最后进行加权合成.     

Compact and broadband circularly polarized ring antenna with wide beam-width for multiple global navigation satellite systems

A compact and broadband circularly polarized (CP) annular ring antenna with wide beam-width is proposed for multiple global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) in the L1 band. The annular ring is excited by two modified L-probes with quadrature phase difference. It has a 36.3% 10-dB return loss bandwidth and a 13% 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth, because of the orthogonal L-probes with 90° phase difference. The measured peak gain of the antenna is 3.9 dBic. It can detect the satellites at lower elevation as its half power beam-width (HPBW) is 113° in both the x-z and y-z planes, achieving a cross-polarization level of larger than 25 dB. Noticeably, the antenna achieves 89% size reduction compared with the conventional half wavelength patch antennas. It can be used in hand-held navigation devices of multiple GNSS such as COMPASS, Galileo, GPS and GLONASS.     

Phase-modulated quadrature squeezing in two coupled cavities containing a two-level system

The phase-modulated quadrature squeezing in the system that composed of two coupled cavities interacting with a two-level atom is investigated. The variances of the amplitude and phase quadrature of the output field are calculated.It turns out that the squeezing behaviors of the output field can be obviously modified due to the phase difference of the coupling strengths between the atom and the two cavities. The squeezing in one quadrature(i.e., phase quadrature) can be transferred into another(i.e., amplitude quadrature), or the quadrature squeezing located at the low-frequency region can be transferred into the high-frequency region by modulating the relative phase of the coupling strengths. Furthermore, the effects of the decay mismatch between the two cavities and the coupling mismatch between the atom and the cavities on the quadrature squeezing have been discussed. The results show that both the decay mismatch and the coupling mismatch play a positive role in generating better quadrature squeezing.     

Quadrature phase-shifting interferometer with a polarization imaging camera

We present a new high-speed phase distribution measurement, in which a polarization imaging camera is applied to a quadrature phase-shifting interferometer. The polarization imaging camera composed of a polarizer-mask on a detector array can provide simultaneously two phase-shifted data in quadrature. Two sets of two phase-shifted data in quadrature are obtained before and after a change of the interferometer such as object displacement or environmental disturbances. Phase sum and difference distributions of the interferograms between two states with arbitrary phase-shift in the interferometer are calculated with the two sets of two phase-shifted data in quadrature. This phase calculation method in the pixel displaced phase-shift method has such advantage that phase-shifted data required for the calculation of phase distributions can be obtained by only two pixels in the polarizer-mask detector array, which means no reduction of the image resolution in the other direction. The principle of this technique and experimental results are presented.     

Polarization shift keying (POLSK) phase diversity homodyne system with multiplying detection in coherent optical communications

We propose a Polarization Shift Keying (POLSK) phase diversity homo-dyne system with multiplying detection in coherent optical communications. The proposed system uses only one of three Stokes parameters, which is the phase difference between two orthogonal polarizations. Although such systems using only one Stokes parameter are very sensitive to polarization fluctuation, the proposed system becomes insensitive to the linear polarization fluctuation by using the multiplying detection with a combination of in-phase and quadrature optical signal components on two orthogonal polarizations. Furthermore, insensitivity to phase noise and offset frequency and attractiveness due to homodyne type in high-speed transmissions are maintained. The most attractive feature of the proposed system is that neither a polarization controller nor electronic feedback loop for matching the state of polarization (SOP) between transmitted and local oscillator (LO) optical signals is needed. We theoretically analyze the receiver sensitivity and the power penalties of the proposed system for the cases of the elliptical SOP of received optical signals and the imbalance optical 90° hybrid.     

A novel technique for measuring resistance fluctuations independently of background noise

A novel method is presented for measuring the spectral density of resistance fluctuations without the explicit determination of the voltage background noise (Johnson noise, pre-amplifier noise). The output of a standard ac bridge excited by a single-frequency alternating current is demodulated by two phase-sensitive detectors which operate in quadrature. When the phase difference between excitation and detection is properly set, the real part of the cross-spectral density of the two demodulators shows only the spectral density of the resistance fluctuations and not the disturbing background noise. The feasibility of our new method is demonstrated by measurements of 1/f noise of a thin-film A1 sample.     

数字正交检波中的数据处理方法

详细讨论了数字正交检测中的数字处理方法,通过时域插值和选择适当的数字滤波器,可以降低对A DC采样速率的要求.最后给出NMR实验结果.     

Power-efficient heterodyne radio over fiber link with laser phase noise robustness

A pre-coding-assisted power detection scheme for radio over fiber downlink is presented. This scheme can eliminate laser phase noise while avoiding high energy-consuming electrical carrier required in conventional power and/or envelope detection schemes. Theoretical analysis and experimental verification are performed.0.625 Gbaud pre-coded quadrature phase-shift keying or 16 quadrature amplitude modulation signals can both be recovered by power detection without electrical carrier assistance at the receiver after 75 km fiber transmission. Not only robust against the laser phase noise, an improvement of about 5 dB in receiver sensitivity can also be achieved, as compared with the conventional power detection scheme.