非线性传输线产生射频脉冲原理研究

介绍了非线性传输线的工作原理和色散特性,给出了用于模拟交叉耦合磁饱和非线性传输线的计算方法。算法基于传输线各节点的时域差分方程组进行步进迭代,其中利用J-A模型描述传输线中NiZn铁氧体磁芯的非线性磁化行为,并模拟了非线性传输线的工作方式。实验获得了中心频率165MHz的宽带脉冲输出,初步验证了用于产生宽带电磁脉冲的非线性传输线关键技术。     

非线性传输线产生射频脉冲原理研究

介绍了非线性传输线的工作原理和色散特性,给出了用于模拟交叉耦合磁饱和非线性传输线的计算方法。算法基于传输线各节点的时域差分方程组进行步进迭代,其中利用J-A模型描述传输线中NiZn铁氧体磁芯的非线性磁化行为,并模拟了非线性传输线的工作方式。实验获得了中心频率165 MHz的宽带脉冲输出,初步验证了用于产生宽带电磁脉冲的非线性传输线关键技术。     

Generation of high-frequency oscillations by electromagnetic shock wave on transmission lines on the basis of multilayer heterostructures

The possibility of the direct effective transformation of a videopulse into a radiopulse with high filling frequency (of the order of 100÷300 GHz) because of evolution of an electromagnetic shock wave structure on dispersive transmission lines with nonlinear components on the basis of multilayer heterostuctures (MLHS) with hysteretic (asymmetric MLHS) and single-valued functional (symmetric MLHS) capacitance — voltage characteristics has been investigated. The requirements on the MLHS and dispersion characteristics for effective generation of the train of oscillations are discussed.     

Fast high-voltage pulse generator with nonlinear transmission linefor high repetition rate operation

A new application of the nonlinear transmission line (NLTL) for high-voltage pulse generation is reported. In this NLTL, a rise time of an input pulse voltage of 20-kV amplitude can be reduced from 500 to less than 120 ns. Using this circuit, we demonstrated excitation of a pulsed CO₂ laser, and obtained output energy of 129 mJ at an efficiency of 4.3%. Moreover, we find that the head-on collision of two solitons is quite effective to generate a high-voltage and short-width pulse. The input pulse is doubled in amplitude and sharpened in width, from 3.6 kV-300 ns to 11 kV-76 ns. With this method, the utilization of semiconductor devices such as the SI thyristor is possible as a primary switching device. Finally, a xenon lamp has been flashed at a repetition rate of 1 kHz     

非线性传输线数值模拟方法

给出了模拟交叉耦合磁饱和非线性传输线的数值模拟方法,算法基于传输线各节点的时域差分方程组进行步进迭代,其中利用J-A模型描述传输线中铁氧体磁芯的非线性磁化行为。根据节点电路方程推导了非线性传输线色散关系,设计了输出频率为300 MHz的交叉耦合磁饱和非线性传输线,利用本数值模拟方法对交叉耦合磁饱和非线性传输线的物理过程进行了分析,在充电电压达到30 kV时获得了频率303 MHz、峰峰值不小于40 kV的高压射频脉冲输出。     

非线性传输线数值模拟方法

给出了模拟交叉耦合磁饱和非线性传输线的数值模拟方法,算法基于传输线各节点的时域差分方程组进行步进迭代,其中利用J-A模型描述传输线中铁氧体磁芯的非线性磁化行为。根据节点电路方程推导了非线性传输线色散关系,设计了输出频率为300 MHz的交叉耦合磁饱和非线性传输线,利用本数值模拟方法对交叉耦合磁饱和非线性传输线的物理过程进行了分析,在充电电压达到30kV时获得了频率303MHz、峰峰值不小于40kV的高压射频脉冲输出。     

Compact envelope dark solitary wave in a discrete nonlinear electrical transmission line

We introduce an extended nonlinear Schrödinger (ENLS) equation describing the dynamics of modulated waves in a nonlinear discrete electrical transmission line (NLTL) with nonlinear dispersion. We show that this equation admits envelope dark solitary wave with compact support, with width and speed independent of the amplitude, as a solution. Analytical criteria of existence and stability of this solution are derived. In particular, we show that the modulated compact wave may exist in the NLTL depending on the frequency range of the chosen carrier wave, for physically realistic parameters. The stability of compact dark solitary wave is confirmed by numerical simulations of this ENLS equation and the exact equations of the network.     

Generation and stabilization of ultrafast optical pulse trains with monolithic mode-locked laser diodes

In this paper, we report on the generation and the stabilization of ultrafast optical pulse trains exceeding 100 GHz from monolithic mode-locked laser diodes (MLLDs) combined with some new techniques such as subharmonic synchronous mode-locking (SSML) and repetition-frequency multiplication (RFM) method. Key subjects to increase the pulse repetition frequencies of the MLLDs such as fast absorption recovery and harmonic mode-locking operation are discussed. 500 GHz optical pulse generation from a short-cavity, graded-index separated confinement heterostructure MLLD and THz-rate pulse generation by harmonic mode-locking are reported. We also demonstrate the stabilization of a 160 GHz MLLD by the SSML with subharmonic-frequency optical pulse injection and reveal that the SSML is very promising as a stabilization technique of the ultrafast MLLD beyond the limitations by the electronic device speed. A method to accurately measure the timing jitter of such ultrafast optical pulse train, all-optical down converting using a nonlinear optical device, is also presented. We also mention another choice for ultrafast optical pulse generation using the MLLD combined with a dispersive medium such as an optical fiber. We demonstrate here the generations of stable 84–256 GHz optical pulse trains by the RFM method of the MLLD stabilized by the SSML.     

Optimization of wide band mesa-type enhanced terahertz photoconductive antenna at 1550 nm

A mesa-type enhanced InGaAs/InAlAs multilayer heterostructure(MLHS) terahertz photoconductive antenna(PCA)at 1550 nm is demonstrated on an InP substrate. The InGaAs/InAlAs superlattice multilayer heterostructures are grown and studied with different temperatures and thickness ratios of InGaAs/InAlAs. The PCAs with different gap sizes and pad sizes are fabricated and characterized. The PCAs are evaluated as THz emitters in a THz time domain spectrometer and we measure the optimized THz bandwidth in excess of 2 THz.     

Transmission loss measurement of acoustic material using time-domain pulse-separation method (L)

An alternative method for measuring the normal incidence sound transmission loss (nSTL) is presented in this paper based on the time-domain separation of so-called Butterworth pulse with a short-duration time about 1 ms in a standing wave tube. During the generation process of the pulse, inverse filter principle was adopted to compensate the loudspeaker response, besides this, the effect of the characteristics of tube termination can be eliminated through the generation process of the pulse so as to obtain a single plane pulse wave in the standing wave tube which makes the nSTL measurement very simple. A polyurethane foam material with low transmission loss and a kind of rubber material with relatively high transmission loss are used to verify the proposed method. When compared with the traditional two-load method, a relatively good agreement between these two methods can be observed. The main error of this method results from the measuring accuracy of the amplitude of transmission coefficient.     

双色场驱动不对称分子气体产生平台区超连续光谱

研究了双色场驱动下不对称分子气体产生的高次谐波. 通过计算机数值模拟,发现当波长为800 nm,脉宽为10 fs的基频场和波长为1200 nm的控制场组成的多光周期双色场作用于不对称分子时,不对称分子的高次谐波在平台区的末端呈现出超连续结构. 超连续谱谱宽达80 eV,可以支持傅里叶极限脉宽为50 as的脉冲输出. 传播后,超连续谱变得更平滑,而且,直接选取超连续谱上的一段,可以得到脉宽约为90 as的单个脉冲输出. 关键词： 超连续谱 阿秒脉冲     

Pulse compression in dispersion-decreasing-like fibers

Pulse compression characteristics in dispersion-decreasing-like fibers (DDLF) are firstly investigated by employing the second-harmonic generation frequency-resolved optical gating (SHG-FROG) technique, are compared with the numerical results that are obtained using the split-step Fourier method. It is found that the experimental data are consistent with the numerical results. The results show that the pulse compression method is effective. The pulse can be effectively compressed and its spectrum can be broadened in the DDLF. That the pulse compression effect is enhanced with the increase of the input power is in correspondence with the spectrum broadening.     

Josephson结中激发孤子的电流脉冲方法──原理与数值实验

根据反散射理论讨论了电流脉冲法产生磁通孤子的阈值条件。对甚长结作的数值实验与理论符合很好。对有限结，考虑到边界效应，电流台阶范围等因素，对孤子激发条件有额外的要求，对圆对称环域结用脉冲法激发了孤子，并分析了其中回波效应、外磁场等对激发条件的影响。所有结果表明，电流脉冲法是在Ｊｏｓｅｐｈｓｏｎ结中激发孤子态的有效方法，理论阈值条件可以提供有益的参考作用。     

Single attosecond pulse generation in the multicycle-driver regime by adding a weak second-harmonic field

We present a method of producing single attosecond pulses by high-harmonic generation with multicycle driver laser pulses. This can be achieved by tailoring the driving pulse so that attosecond pulses are produced only every full cycle of the oscillating laser field rather than every half-cycle. It is shown by classical and quantum-mechanical model calculations that even a minor addition (1%) of phase-locked second-harmonic light to the 800 nm fundamental driver pulse for high-harmonic generation leads to a major (15%) difference in the maximum kinetic energies of the recombining electrons in adjacent half-cycles.     

Characterization of a broadband pulse for phase controlled multiphoton microscopy by single beam SPIDER

We present what we believe to be a new version of spectral phase interferometry for direct electric field reconstruction (SPIDER) using only a single-phase and polarization controlled laser beam. Two narrow pulses and one broadband pulse are selected out of an ultrafast laser pulse by a polarization and phase control technique to generate second harmonic generation (SHG) signals, which are equivalent to a spectral shear interferogram in the conventional SPIDER method. The spectral phase of the broadband laser pulse is extracted analytically with double quadrature spectral interferometry (DQSI). An arbitrary spectral phase can be retrieved with great precision and compensated in situ at the sample position of a microscope. This new method requires no separate reference beam and is suitable for nonlinear optical microscopy with a phase controlled laser pulse.     

Single Ultrashort Attosecond Pulse Generation via Combination of Chirped Fundamental Laser and an Ultraviolet Controlling Pulse

We theoretically study the high-order harmonic generation (HHG) from a hydrogen atom in an intense few-cycle chirped fundamental laser in combination with an ultraviolet (uv) controlling pulse.The high-order harmonic spectrum is calculated by solving the time-dependent Schr¨odinger equation using the split-operator method.In our calculation,we present the difference of the high-order harmonic spectrum from one-dimensional (1D) model hydrogen atom and three-dimensional (3D) real hydrogen atom.We found that the plateau of the high-order harmonic generation from the 1D case and 3D case are all extended effectively to I p + 35U p due to the presence of the chirped laser pulse and the HHG supercontinuum spectrum is generated by adding an ultraviolet controlling pulse at a proper time,but the efficiency of the HHG for 3D case is more higher at the near cut-off region than the 1D case.Therefore,the generation of the attosecond pulse by synthesizing the harmonics near cut-off region have some slight differences between 1D and 3D simulations.As a real 3D case study,we show that an isolated 18 as pulse with a bandwidth of 232.5 eV is generated directly by optmizing the combination laser fields.     

基于倍频波长转换中走离效应产生多个脉冲的研究

利用倍频光与泵浦光脉冲之间的走离效应,通过在周期性极化的LiNbO3波导中间增加两段未被极化的波导,1.55 μm波段的泵浦脉冲在极化的波导部分产生0.77 μm波段的倍频光,在未被极化的部分不产生倍频光,形成了三个被间隔开来的倍频子脉冲.通过差频将三个倍频子脉冲还原成1.55 μm波段的三个差频脉冲,实现了用一个泵浦脉冲产生三个转换脉冲.用数值模拟计算展示脉冲的产生及其演化过程,并讨论了用LiNbO3波导参量控制脉冲特征参量的方法.     

Two-dimensional materials-decorated microfiber devices for pulse generation and shaping in fiber lasers

Two-dimensional(2D) materials have been regarded as a promising nonlinear optical medium for fabricating versatile optical and optoelectronic devices. Among the various photonic applications, the employment of 2D materials as nonlinear optical devices such as saturable absorbers for ultrashort pulse generation and shaping in ultrafast lasers is one of the most striking aspects in recent years. In this paper, we review the recent progress of 2D materials based pulse generation and soliton shaping in ultrafast fiber lasers, and particularly in the context of 2D materials-decorated microfiber photonic devices. The fabrication of 2D materials-decorated microfiber photonic devices, high performance mode-locked pulse generation, and the nonlinear soliton dynamics based on pulse shaping method are discussed. Finally, the challenges and the perspective of the 2D materials-based photonic devices as well as their applications are also discussed.     

双波长双脉冲激光三次谐波的产生方法

提出双波长双脉冲激光产生三次谐波的方法。波长不同的两脉冲激光束由反射使它们合拢后通过两块非线性的BBO晶体 ,激光脉冲第一次通过BBO晶体产生两波长的二次谐波 (SHG) ,它们由各自的反射镜反射再次通过BBO又产生了二次谐波 ,这两次产生的二次谐波和基波通过用于产生三次谐波的BBO晶体可产生双波长的三次谐波 ,它们由 45°斜置的耦合镜输出。文中分析了满足二次谐波和三次谐波的四个相位匹配的条件 ,该方法也可用于腔内双波长双脉冲的三次谐波激光的产生 ,给出了相应的实验结果。     

Effects of Line Parameters on Soliton-Like Propagation in Nonlinear Transmission Lines: Application to the Optimization of Frequency Triplers

In this paper, soliton propagation in nonlinear transmission lines (NLTLs) periodically loaded with heterostructure barrier varactors is studied. From the lumped element equivalent circuit of the line we have analyzed the influence of transmission line parameters (i.e, per-section inductance and capacitance) on soliton propagation characteristics. It is shown that by increasing these parameters, a faster separation of input signals into solitons is achieved. From the point of view of NLTL harmonic generation, this gives additional flexibility to optimize multiplier performance by appropriate circuit design. These conclusions are supported from the analysis of a frequency tripler, where device losses are included.