尿酸与四氯苯醌的荷移反应及其分析应用

采用紫外分光光度法研究了尿酸与四氯苯醌之间的荷移反应。在乙腈溶液中,尿酸与四氯苯醌可迅速形成稳定的1∶1荷移配合物。其最大吸收波长为450 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε=1.52×104L.mol-1.cm-1,线性范围是1.01×10-6~10.1×10-6mol/L。用本法测定人体代谢物中的尿酸,回收率为99.8%~105.6%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.48%(n=5)。     

百里酚蓝荷移分光光度法测定注射用磷霉素钠含量

利用注射用磷霉素钠与百里酚蓝在乙醇介质发生荷移反应,建立了荷移分光光度法测定注射用磷霉素钠含量的方法。结果表明,荷移反应生成3∶1型配合物,最大吸收波长为441 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为ε=9.21×103L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),注射用磷霉素钠测定线性范围为0.123~22.53 mg·L~(-1),线性回归方程为A=0.2070+0.03158C(C为mg·L~(-1)),用拟定的方法对注射用磷霉素钠进行了含量测定,结果与文献方法一致,平均回收率99.4%。     

克拉霉素与苯基荧光酮的荷移反应及其测定

本文建立了一种测定克拉霉素的荷移分光光度法,克拉霉素与苯基荧光酮(PF)在乙醇溶液中发生荷移反应,荷移络合物在波长519nm处有最大吸收,其表观摩尔吸光系数为1.70×104 L·mol-1·cm-1,荷移络合物的组成比为1∶1,稳定常数为2.86×104,药物浓度在5.0×10-6~7.0×10-5 mol/L范围内服从比耳定律,当克拉霉素浓度为4.0×10-5 mol/L时,8次测定结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.46%,检出限为6.0×10-7 mol/L。利用该法测定了克拉霉素胶囊中有效成分的含量,回收率大于98%以上。     

荷移分光光度法测定氨酪酸

研究了氨酪酸(ABA)与2,3-二氯-5,6-二氰-1,4-苯醌的荷移反应.确定在硼砂缓冲溶液中,于50℃水浴中恒温40 min,可获得11的络合物,其λmax=340 nm,表观摩尔吸光率ε=1.37×103L·mol-1·cm-1.用拟定方法测定片剂中氨酪酸的含量与标准方法一致,回收率为98.5%～101.9%,相对标准偏差为1.3%～1.9%.     

盐酸吡格列酮-乙基曙红荷移光度测定法

在pH 4.0的盐酸-乙酸钠缓冲介质中,吡格列酮(PGTZ)与乙基曙红(EE)之间发生荷移反应,形成离子缔合物,使溶液发生褪色现象,且在516 nm波长处测定时,溶液的褪色程度与盐酸吡格列酮的浓度在9.75 × 10-7～1.26×10-5mol·L-1范围内呈线性关系.表观摩尔吸光率(ε516)为6.44×104·mol-1·cm-1,检出限(3s/k)为3.25×10-7mol·L-1.方法用于市售药品中PGTZ含量的测定,所得结果与标示值及高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测得结果相符.以血浆及尿液样品为基体加入标准溶液作回收试验,测得其回收率在97.7%～103.3%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于2.5%.     

百里酚蓝分光光度法测定阿昔洛韦及其反应机理

在pH 7.84的NaH2PO4-Na2HPO4缓冲介质中,百里酚蓝与阿昔洛韦反应形成离子缔合物,最大吸收波长为596 nm,并在436 nm波长处产生负吸收。阿昔洛韦的浓度在2.05×10-6~2.38×10-5mol.L-1内遵守比耳定律,ε=3.19×104L.mol-1.cm-1,检出限为6.21×10-7mol.L-1。若用双波长叠加,ε=4.46×104L.mol-1.cm-1,检出限为5.13×10-7mol.L-1。用于药品、血浆及尿液中阿昔洛韦的测定,RSD为0.68%~2.76%,回收率为99.1%~103.3%。对反应机理进行探讨,表明离子缔合物的形成不仅由静电引力引起,且与荷移作用和范德华力有关。     

克拉霉素与百里酚蓝荷移配合物的光度分析研究

利用克拉霉素与百里酚蓝在乙醇介质发生荷移反应,建立了荷移分光光度法测定克拉霉素含量的方法.结果表明,荷移反应生成1∶1型配合物,最大吸收波长为442 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为ε=1.66×104L·mol-1·cm-1,克拉霉素测定线性范围为8.278～57.59 mg/L.     

表面活性剂增敏荷移反应紫外分光光度法测定三聚氰胺

在pH =7.55的Tris-HC1缓冲溶液中,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵( CTMAB)为增敏剂,三聚氰胺与四氯对苯醌之间发生荷移反应,研究了其反应产物的紫外光谱性质,据此建立了荷移反应紫外分光光度法测定三聚氰胺的方法.三聚氰胺的线性范围为8.61×10-8 ～2.60×10 -6mol/L,r=0.9995,检出限为2...     

偶合反应流动注射化学发光法测定汞

基于Hg(Ⅱ)置换Fe(Ⅱ)-DETA配合物中的Fe(Ⅱ)和Fe(Ⅱ)-鲁米诺-溶解氧产生化学发光的反应,建立了置换偶合反应,流动注射化学发光测定痕量汞的新方法.方法线性范围为1×10~(-7)～1×10~(-5)g·ml~(-1)相对标准偏差为3.5%(n=11,C=1×10~(-6)g·ml~(-1)),检出限为3×10~(-8)g·ml~(-1),方法用于工业废水中汞的测定,结果令人满意.     

一种新型的偶氮间苯二酚杯[4]芳烃对Ni2+的显色剂

研究了5,11,17,23 四(5 喹啉)偶氮基 2,8,14,20 四苯基间苯二酚杯[4]芳烃(AQR)与Ni2 的选择性显色反应,在碱性介质中,Ni2 和AQR形成的配合物为1∶1,Ni2 浓度在2.6×10-7～5.8×10-6mol/L范围内符合比耳定律,配合物AQR Ni2 的表观摩尔吸收系数为1.66×105L·mol-1·cm-1(610nm),检出限为2.2×10-7mol/L(S/N=3)。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.