Synthesis,characterization, and photoluminescence properties of difluoroboron complexes with bis-β-diketone ligands

Some novel difluoroboron bis-β-diketonates containing a pyridyl moiety were synthesized from diethyl 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylate via Claisen condensation with the corresponding aryl methyl ketones and followed by complexation with boron trifluoride etherate. Their spectroscopic behaviors were studied by FTIR, ¹H NMR, UV–Vis, and fluorescence spectroscopic techniques. The results indicated that difluoroboron bis-β-diketonates exhibited violet or blue fluorescence emission at 428–454 nm under UV illumination in DMSO and possessed high extinction coefficients. It was found that the nature of the substituents at benzene ring in bis-β-diketone ligands had a significant impact on the photoluminescence behaviors of difluoroboron complexes. The complex 5b exhibited the strongest photoluminescence intensity and highest quantum yield (Φ _u = 0.93), due to two strong electron-donating methoxyl moieties in molecule and the compound 4b displayed the lowest photoluminescence intensity and quantum yield, assigned to the heavy atom effect of the chlorine atom in its molecule. The photoluminescence intensity and quantum yield of these difluoroboron complexes decreased in the sequence, 5b > 2b > 1b > 3b > 4b.     

β-diketone complexes of manganese(II), cobalt(II), nickel(II) and palladium(II)

Summary The reactions of manganese(II), cobalt(II) and nickel(II) acetates (1 mole) with antipyrine-4-azo--ethylcyanoacetate (HL¹) and antipyrine-4-azo--acetylacetone (HL²) (1 mole) produce complexes of the M(L)₂ type. K₂PdCl₄ (1 mole) reacts with HL¹ and HL² (1 mole) to yield complexes of the general formula PdLCl, the ligands behaving as monobasic tridentates. The electronic spectral and magnetic data show the complexes to be high-spin octahedral, whereas the palladium(II) complexes are diamagnetic square planar. The complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, conductance measurements and i.r. and electronic spectra as well as magnetic susceptibility measurements and thermal (t.g.a. and d.t.a.) analysis.Nuclear Material Authority.     

Substitution reaction of η5-cyclopentadienylruthenium(II) complexes with nitrogen,oxygen and sulfur donor ligands

The heterocycles pyridine, γ-picoline, 2,2′-bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline react with [(η⁵-C₅H₅)Ru(MPh₃)₂X] (M = P, As or Sb) and [(η⁵-C₅H₅)Ru(AsPh₃)(PPh₃)X] (X = Cl, Br, I, CN, NCS or SnCl₃) to form complexes of types [(η⁵-C₅H₅)(MPh₃)(L−L)⁺X⁻ (L−L = 2,2′−bipyridine or 1,10−phenanthroline; X = Cl, Br, I, CN, NCS or SnCl₃) and [(η⁵-C₅H₅)Ru(MPh₃)LX] (M = As or Sb; L = pyridine or γ-picoline; X = Cl, Br, I, CN, NCS or SnCl₃). Interactions of dithiocarbamate (DTC) with [(η⁵-C₅H₅)Ru(SbPh₃)₂X] (X = Cl, Br or I) and acetylacetonate (acac) with parent compounds [(η⁵-C₅H₅)Ru(MPh₃)₂X (M = P or Sb; X = Cl, Br or I) yielded [(η⁵-C₅H₅)Ru(MPh₃)L] (where L = DTC or acac). The reaction products have been characterized by magnetic, spectral and microanalytical data.     

Simple fast preparation of neutral palladium(II) complexes with SnCl− 3 and Cl− ligands

A new method for preparing neutral trichlorostannate complexes of Pd^II, based on the interaction between solid [PdCl₂(MeCN)₂] and SnCl₂ suspension and a solution of an appropriate ligand in CH₂Cl₂, has been developed. The analogous method can be used to prepare complexes without tin, as well as compounds containing mixed anionic ligands. A number of complexes (including several new compounds) with amines, phosphines and diene ligands have been obtained by these methods. The procedures are simple and fast – the total preparation time (without recrystallisation) is ca. 30 min.     

Synthesis and magnetic characterization of Ln(III)–Co(II) complexes with 1,10-phenanthroline ligands

Four heteronuclear complexes, [Ln₂Co₂L₁₀(H₂O)(phen)₂] · n(H₂O) (Ln = La 1, n = 2; Ln = Nd 2, Sm 3, Gd 4, n = 0; HL = α-methylacrylic acid, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and X-ray diffraction. The complexes with a discrete Co–Ln–Ln–Co tetranuclear molecule are isomorphous in the triclinic space group P 1 and Z = 1, in which all metal ions are bridged by bidentate α-methylacrylato groups. Magnetic measurements of 1, 2 and 3 show antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between paramagnetic centers.     

Synthesis,characterization, and reactivity of ruthenium(II) complexes containing η6-arene-η1-pyrazole ligands

New ruthenium(II) complexes containing η⁶-arene-η¹-pyrazole ligands were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic methods. In addition, the molecular structure of dichloro-3,5-dimethyl-1-(pentamethylbenzyl)-pyrazole–ruthenium(II), [Ru]L_3b, was determined by X-ray diffraction studies. These complexes were applied in the transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone by isopropanol in the presence of potassium hydroxide. The activities of the catalysts were monitored by NMR.     

Synthesis of new bidentate ligands—terpene derivatives of ethylenediamine and their palladium complexes

New enantiomerically pure Schiff bases and palladium chelates based thereon were synthesized starting from (–)-α-pinene or (?)-camphor and N,N-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine.     

Synthesis,characterization and photophysical properties of homoleptic platinum(II) complexes with 2,2′-biimidazole-based ligands

Eight pairs of cis–trans isomeric homoleptic platinum(II) complexes based on N-alkyl- or aryl-substituted 2,2′-biimidazole ligands were synthesized, and their photophysical properties were investigated. The cis and trans isomers readily interconvert at slightly elevated temperature, implying that the activation barrier for this process is low. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the complexes have an ideal square-planar geometry. Their UV–Vis spectra showed lower energy absorption bands in the range of 345–378 nm, which are assigned to the typical MLCT mixed with LC transitions. In frozen glass solution at 77 K and also in the powder state, these complexes exhibit green emission ranging from 440 to 540 nm with photoluminescence quantum yields of 3.3–24.4%. The emitting excited state is dominated by ³ππ* character with some contributions from ³MLCT according to the excitation spectra.     

3-Aminoquinazoline–phosphine ligands and their ruthenium(II) complexes: application in catalytic hydrogenation and transfer hydrogenation reactions

3-Aminoquinazolinone–phosphine proligands (5a–e) and their Ru(II) complexes (6a–e) were prepared and characterized by NMR (¹H, ¹³C, ³¹P{¹H}), FTIR and microanalysis. The 3-aminoquinazolinone–phosphine ligands were found to coordinate with the Ru(II) center via their phosphorus and nitrogen atoms. The Ru(II) complexes were applied as catalysts for the hydrogenation and transfer hydrogenation of prochiral ketones. The results showed that these complexes are efficient transfer hydrogenation catalysts.     

Half-sandwich η-benzene Ru(II) complexes of pyridylpyrazole and pyridylimidazole ligands: Synthesis, spectra, and structure

New series of half-sandwich ruthenium(II) complexes supported by a group of bidentate pyridylpyrazole and pyridylimidazole ligands [(η⁶-C₆H₆)Ru(L²)Cl][PF₆] (1), [(η⁶-C₆H₆)Ru(HL³)Cl][PF₆] (2), [(η⁶-C₆H₆)Ru(L⁴)Cl][PF₆] (3), and [(η⁶-C₆H₆)Ru(HL⁵)Cl][PF₆] (4) [L², 2-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)pyrazol-1-ylmethyl]pyridine; HL³, 3-(2-pyridyl)pyrazole; L⁴, 1-benzyl-[3-(2′-pyridyl)]pyrazole; HL⁵, 2-(1-imidazol-2-yl)pyridine] are reported. The molecular structures of 1-4 both in the solid state by X-ray crystallography and in solution using ¹H NMR spectroscopy have been elucidated. Further, the crystal packing in the complexes is stabilized by C-H?X (X = Cl and π), N-H?Cl, and π-π interactions.     

Synthesis,crystal structure and spectroscopic characterization of new neutral and cationic (η-p-cymene)–ruthenium(II) complexes with phosphine–amide ligands

The dimeric starting material [Ru(η⁶-p-cymene)(μ-Cl)Cl]₂ reacts with the phosphino-amides o-Ph₂P–C₆H₄CO–NH–R [R = ⁱPr (a), Ph (b), 4-MeC₆H₄ (c), 4-FC₆H₄ (d)] to give the mononuclear compounds 1a–d [RuCl(η⁶-p-cymene)(o-Ph₂P–C₆H₄–CO–NH–R)]Cl. The subsequent reaction of these complexes with KPF₆ produced the cationic species 2a–d [RuCl(η⁶-p-cymene)(o-Ph₂P–C₆H₄–CO–NH–R)][PF₆] in which phosphino-amides also act as rigid P,O-chelating ligands. The molecular structures of 2b–d were determined crystallographically. Amide deprotonation is achieved when complexes 2a–d were made react with 1 M aqueous solution of KOH, affording the corresponding neutral species 3a–d [RuCl(η⁶-p-cymene)(o-Ph₂P–C₆H₄–CO–N–R)] in which a P,N-coordination mode is suggested.     

Dianionic complexes with hexacoordinate silicon(IV) or germanium(IV) and three bidentate ligands of the salicylato(2–) type: Syntheses and structural characterization in the solid state and in solution

Reaction of tetramethoxysilane or tetramethoxygermane with salicylic acid and morpholine (molar ratio 1:3:2) in tetrahydrofuran yielded morpholiniummer-tris[salicylato(2–)-O¹,O³]silicate(mer -5) and morpholiniummer-tris[salicylato(2–)-O¹,O³]germanate (mer-8), respectively. Treatment of tetramethoxysilane with 5-chlorosalicylic acid and piperidine (molar ratio 1:3:2) in tetrahydrofuran afforded piperidinium mer-tris[5-chlorosalicylato(2–)-O¹,O³]silicate–ditetrahydrofuran (mer-6·2THF). Triethylammonium mer-tris[3-methylsalicylato(2–)-O¹,O³]silicate (mer-7) was obtained analogously by reaction of tetramethoxysilane with three molar equivalents of 3-methylsalicylic acid and two molar equivalents of triethylamine in dichloromethane/diethyl ether. The racemic compounds mer-5, mer-6· 2THF,mer-7, and mer-8 were characterized by elemental analyses (C, H, N), single-crystal X-ray diffraction, as well as solid-state (²⁹Si) and solution(¹H, ¹³C, ²⁹Si) NMR studies. The structural characterizationwas complemented by computational studies (HF studies, TZVP level) of thefac- and mer-tris[salicylato(2–)-O¹,O³]silicatedianion. In addition, the behavior of mer-7 in solution was studied by VT ¹HNMR experiments.     

Synthesis and characterization of new D-π-D type Schiff base ligands and its complexes with Cobalt(II), Ruthenium(II)

A Schiff base ligands, N-{(1E,2E)-3-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]prop-2-en-1-ylidene}-1,10-phenanthrolin-5-amine(mpa) and (1E,2E)-3-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]acrylaldehyde9H-fluoren-9-ylidenehydrazone(mfh), have been synthesized from the reaction of 4,5-diazafluorenone-9-hydrazone and 5-amino-1,10-phenanthroline with 4-(dimethylamino)cinnamaldehyde. The Co(II) and Ru(II) complexes of the ligands were prepared and characterized. The metal-to-ligand ratio of the Co(II) complex was found to be 2: 1 and that of the Ru(II) complex was found to be 1: 1. The ligands and complexes have been characterized by FTIR, UV-visible, ¹H NMR and fluorescence spectra, as well as, elemental analyses, TGA-DSC-DTG and mass spectra.     

Synthesis,characterization and biological activity of copper(II) complexes with ligands derived from β-amino acids

Transition Metal Chemistry - Two copper(II) complexes with ligands derived from β-amino acids, 2-(1-aminocyclohexyl)acetic acid L1 and 2-(1-amino-4-(tert-butyl)cyclohexyl)acetic acid L2, were...     

New mononuclear ruthenium complexes of η-cyclichydrocarbon containing azine ligands: Syntheses, spectral and structural studies

A series of mononuclear indenyl and pentamethylcyclopentadienyl ruthenium(II) complexes of formulation [(η⁵-L₃)Ru(PPh₃)(L₂)]X, (where L₃ = indenyl, pentamethylcyclopentadienyl; X = PF₆ or BF₄ and L₂ = azine ligands) have been prepared by the reaction of [(η⁵-L₃)Ru(PPh₃)₂(CH₃CN)]X with the appropriate azine ligands in methanol or dichloromethane/benzene mixture. The reaction of nitro substituted azine ligands with the complexes [(η⁵-L₃)Ru(PPh₃)₂(CH₃CN)]X are solvent dependent. All these complexes were isolated as their PF₆ or BF₄ salts. The complexes were fully characterized with the help of microanalyses, FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structure of representative complexes 5c and 6a were established by single X-ray crystallography.     

Syntheses and characterization of cyano-bridged homo and hetero bimetallic complexes containing η and η-cyclic hydrocarbons

The reactions of [(ind)Ru(PPh₃)₂CN] (ind = η⁵-C₉H₇) (1) and [CpRu(PPh₃)₂CN] (Cp = η⁵-C₅H₅) (2) with [(η⁶-p-cymene)Ru(bipy)Cl]Cl (bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine) (3) in the presence of AgNO₃/NH₄BF₄ in methanol, respectively, yielded dicationic cyano-bridged complexes of the type [(ind)(PPh₃)₂Ru(μ-CN)Ru(bipy)(η⁶-p-cymene)](BF₄)₂ (4) and [Cp(PPh₃)₂Ru(μ-CN)Ru(bipy)(η⁶-p-cymene)](BF₄)₂ (5). The reaction of [CpRu(PPh₃)₂CN] (2), [CpOs(PPh₃)₂CN] (6) and [CpRu(dppe)CN] (7) with the corresponding halide complexes and [(η⁶-p-cymene)RuCl₂]₂ formed the monocationic cyano-bridge complexes [Cp(PPh₃)₂Ru(μ-CN)Os(PPh₃)₂Cp](BF₄) (8), [Cp(PPh₃)₂Os(μ- CN)Ru(PPh₃)₂Cp](BF₄) (9) and [Cp(dppe)Ru(μ-CN)Os(PPh₃)₂Cp](BF₄) (10) along with the neutral complexes [Cp(PPh₃)₂Ru(μ-CN)Ru (η⁶-p-cymene)Cl₂] (11), [Cp(PPh₃)₂Os(μ-CN)Ru(η⁶-p-cymene)Cl₂] (12), and [Cp(dppe) Ru(μ-CN)Ru(η⁶-p-cymene)Cl₂] (13). These complexes were characterized by FT IR, ¹H NMR, ³¹P{¹H} NMR spectroscopy and the molecular structures of complexes 4, 8 and 11 were solved by X-ray diffraction studies.     

Coordination chemistry and biological activity of bidentate and quadridentate nitrogen–sulfur donor ligands and their complexes

The ligand S-benzyldithiocarbazate (SBDTC) acts as a bidentate sulfur–nitrogen chelating agent. The reaction of Sn^II or Sb^III with SBDTC under alkaline conditions gives complexes of composition [Sn(SBDTCA)₂] · 2H₂O and [Sb(SBDTCA)Cl₂ · 2H₂O]. A quadridentate Schiff base of SBDTC with benzil, having a donor sequence SNNS, yields complexes, [Cd(SNNS)] and [Zr(O)(SNNS) · H₂O]. The ligands and the complexes have been characterized by elemental analyses, i.r., u.v.–vis., molar conductance measurements and ¹H-n.m.r. spectroscopy. SBDTC, Sn^II and Sb^III complexes and the SNNS Schiff base together with its Cd^II and Zr^IV complexes display significant antifungal, antibacterial and anti-cancer activity. The Sn^II complex and the SNNS free Schiff base were very effective against Melanoma (skin cancer cells). The SBDTC and its Sn^II complex were also very effective against Renal carcinoma (kidney cancer cells). The results have been compared with those of the uncomplexed metal salts and the free ligands. The minimum concentrations for the evaluation of the above activities for CD₅₀ of the samples were in the 1.0–15 g cm^–3 range.