5,11,17,23-四叔丁基-25,26,27,28-四[3-(甲氧基羰基)苄氧基]杯[4]芳烃包合性能的研究

杯芳烃是继冠醚和环糊精后的第三代主体化合物 .这类主体分子不仅可以识别和络合阳离子 ,而且还具有包合中性有机分子的性能 [1～ 5] .杯 [4]芳烃类包合物的晶体结构测定表明 ,它们可分为分子内和分子间包合两种类型 [3 ,5] ,前者是客体分子被包合在主体分子的空穴内 ,后者是客体分子被包合在主体分子之间 .对叔丁基杯 [4]芳烃的下沿酚氧基与上沿均可进行化学修饰得到不同的杯 [4]芳烃衍生物 .最早报道的对叔丁基杯 [4]芳烃及其衍生物的分子内包合物是与甲苯或乙腈的 1∶ 1包合物 [4 ,5] ,客体分子依靠 CH3 -π的作用被包结在主体分子内[6]…     

杯芳烃-卟啉化合物的合成及性质

杯芳烃和卟啉通过共价键连结或者分子间作用力聚集形成的杯芳烃-卟啉化合物在分子识别、分子催化、分子自组装等方面有潜在的用途. 本工作综述了杯芳烃-卟啉化合物的合成及性质.     

超分子砌块间苯二酚杯芳烃的研究进展

间苯二酚杯芳烃是一类以间苯二酚为单元的杯芳烃, 作为新一代超分子砌块, 在分子催化、分子识别、超分子自组装、晶体工程和纳米材料等方面都获得了广泛的应用, 已成为当今化学研究的新热点. 综述了间苯二酚杯芳烃的功能化修饰及其应用新进展.     

杯芳烃在液相色谱、毛细管电泳和电色谱中的应用进展

利用杯芳烃的分子识别作用提高色谱分离选择性是超分子化学在分离科学中的成功应用.本文从杯芳烃分离材料的制备、分离机理和应用等,综述了近年来杯芳烃在液相色谱、毛细管电泳和电色谱中的研究进展.     

含杂原子杯芳烃的合成研究进展

综述了含杂原子杯芳烃的结构、命名方法、合成方法等方面的研究进展.指出在超分子化学领域,杯芳烃骨架结构的改变是杯芳烃研究的热点之一;与传统杯芳烃相比,在杯芳烃分子骨架中引入桥联杂原子或芳杂环后,不仅使得其在结构和分子识别方面产生新颖变化,而且使得其合成方法也发生巨大改变.     

手性杯芳烃及其超分子手性

杯芳烃是由苯酚单元通过亚甲基连接而成的空腔型分子,具有衍生位点多,构象丰富等特点,被称为第三代主体分子。在分子层次,依手性因素的结构特点不同,可将手性杯芳烃分为具有手性亚单元的杯芳烃、固有手性杯芳烃和桥手性杯芳烃。在超分子层次,杯芳烃自身或杯芳烃与其他分子或离子在溶液中、晶态中或二维表面可通过非共价键力形成多种拓扑结构的纳米手性聚集体。研究手性杯芳烃和基于杯芳烃的超分子手性组装体的合成、结构和性能,不仅在理解手性起源、手性结构等方面具有理论意义,而且有望获得以分子识别为基础的手性传感器、手性催化剂、手性分离材料、手性载体和手性纳米材料。本文综述近十年来有代表性的分子手性杯芳烃和以杯芳烃为组分的超分子手性聚集体的设计、合成、结构和功能。着重展示杯芳烃骨架在形成新颖分子手性和超分子手性上的优势,以及杯芳烃单元在实现特定功能如手性识别时发挥的作用。相信随着杯芳烃合成技术和杯芳烃超分子设计的发展,必将进一步发挥杯芳烃的结构优势,涌现出更多性能优异的手性杯芳烃功能分子和超分子手性杯芳烃功能材料。     

一类新型超分子主体——硫代杯芳烃的研究进展

硫代杯芳烃是一类以硫原子取代桥联亚甲基的新型杯芳烃, 作为新一代超分子砌块, 在分子识别、超分子自组装、晶体工程和纳米材料等方面都获得了广泛的应用, 已成为当今超分子化学研究的新热点. 综述了硫代杯芳烃及其衍生物的合成、功能化修饰及应用方面的研究进展.     

杯芳烃手性识别在核磁中的检测

杯芳烃是一类重要的主体化合物,在主-客体识别分析中有着广泛的用途.手性杯芳烃因其良好的手性识别、对映体分离和不对称催化等特点,成为杯芳烃化学中最令人瞩目的研究热点之一.在手性识别的研究中,核磁因其检测方便、直观、效果显著等优点,成为检测手性化合物的对映体ee值和绝对构型中最为广泛的方法.综述了近年来以杯芳烃为分子骨架的手性受体的合成及其在核磁中的手性识别,最后对手性杯芳烃的发展前景作了展望.     

硫杂杯[4]芳烃化学修饰的研究进展

硫杂杯[4]芳烃是由S原子取代经典杯芳烃中的桥联亚甲基而成的大环化合物,在分子识别、多核金属配合物、化学传感器等方面有广泛的应用.对硫杂杯[4]芳烃的化学修饰进行综述,有助于新型功能化硫杂杯芳烃衍生物的研究.     

新型大环超分子化学:从杂杯芳烃到冠芳烃——纪念黄志镗先生诞辰90周年

本文介绍了杂杯芳烃和冠芳烃的研究起源,总结了杂杯芳烃和冠芳烃的设计与合成、构象和大环空腔结构特征,展示了杂杯芳烃和冠芳烃的分子识别和组装性质,概述了杂杯芳烃和冠芳烃在功能材料的制备中的应用,展望了大环超分子化学未来的发展方向。     

Ditopic Receptors based on Lower‐ and Upper‐Rim Substituted Hexahomotrioxacalix[3]arenes: Cation‐Controlled Hydrogen Bonding of Anion

Heteroditopic hexahomotrioxacalix[3]arene receptors that are capable of binding an anion and a cation simultaneously in a cooperative fashion were synthesized. The structure of one of the triamide derivatives was confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The binding of alkali metals at the lower rim, and the binding of anions (chloride, bromide) at the upper rim, has been investigated by using ¹H NMR titration experiments. Alkali metal binding at the lower rim controls the calix cavity. Li⁺‐ion binding to the lower rim can improve the binding ability of anions at the upper rim amide moiety by a factor of 15, thus suggesting a strong positive allosteric effect for anion recognition. However, when a Na⁺ cation is bound to the ionophoric site on the lower rim, the calix cavity is changed from a “flattened cone” to a more‐upright form, which is favored for intramolecular hydrogen bonding between the neighboring NH and C?O groups; this change can block the inclusion of anions onto the amide moiety at the upper rim, which strongly suggests a negative allosteric effect of Na⁺‐ion binding, which controls the cooperative recognition system.     

Exceptional chiral recognition of racemic carboxylic acids by calix[4]arenes bearing optically pure alpha,beta-amino alcohol groups

Calixarenes bearing optically pure alpha,beta-amino alcohol groups at their lower rim exhibit exceptional and efficient chiral recognition ability in discrimination of racemic mandelic acid, 2,3-dibenzoyltartaric acid and 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid. [structure: see text]     

杯吡咯功能化合物的研究与应用

综述了近几年杯吡咯新型大环化合物在功能化修饰和分子识别等方面的研究进展.在近3年里,人们合成了许多新的meso- 、C-rim修饰的,腔体被延伸化的和环体扩张的杯吡咯大环化合物.主要讨论了功能化衍生物的合成、色谱固定相、分子识别作用及其在阴离子传感器上的应用.     

Selective hetero-trisfunctionalization of the large rim of a biomimetic calix[6]arene using host-guest chemistry as a synthetic tool

A calix[6]arene has been selectively functionalized by three different groups at the large rim. The strategy relies on the hostguest recognition chemistry of a biomimetic metal complex at the small rim (so-called "funnel complex") and the Huisgen cycloaddition. The intramolecular thermal reaction proceeds with a high efficiency, chemio- and regioselectivity, allowing the monofunctionalization of one aromatic unit among three. Thanks to the high yield and selectivity of the reaction, it can be applied successively twice on the same compound, which opens the route for inherently chiral calix[6]arenes. This methodology not only is of wide potential for obtaining and exploiting calix[6]arenes that are dissymmetrized at the large rim, but also stands as an exemplary strategy for the selective appending of a functional group on a host platform.     

Lower rim functionalized resorcinarenes: useful modules for supramolecular chemistry

[formula: see text] A synthetic scheme for the selective functionalization of all-cis (rccc) resorcinarene platform at the "lower rim" was developed. Self-folding and self-complementary cavitands were prepared for molecular recognition and self-assembly, bearing functionality at remote sites. These molecules promise applications on solid support and as polymeric capsules.     

A fluorescent probe for fluoride ion based on 2-aminopyridyl-bridged calix[6]arene

An 2-aminopyridyl-bridged calix[6]arene on the upper rim fixed in cone conformation (3) was successfully synthesized and its highly selective recognition towards fluoride ion was proved by fluorescent and ¹H NMR titration experiments.     

Preferential recognition of zinc ions through a new anthraquinonoidal calix[4]arene

A novel anthraquinonoidal calix[4]arene derivative was designed and synthesized for the preferential recognition of biologically important zinc in preference to prominently similar cadmium ions and other metal ions via quenching of fluorescence intensity. The stoichiometry of host guest complexation has been determined to be 1:1. The fluorescence changes associated with the recognition event may be attributed to the interaction of zinc ions with the nitrogenous functionality attached at the lower rim of calix[4]arene cavity which allows spatial disposition of the anthraquinonoid segments.     

Design and Synthesis of Novel Amino Acid‐Bearing Macrocyclic Calix[4]Arenes

Abstract

A new family of macrocyclic calix[4]arenes (4a–d) potentially capable of chiral recognition were synthesized by incorporating the chirality inducing moieties, bis α‐amino acylated polyethylene glycols, or tripeptide bis‐Phe Cystine(OMe)₂ to the lower rim.     

Multipoint molecular recognition of amino acids and biogenic amines by ureidocalix[5]arene receptors

[reaction: see text] p-tert-Butylcalix[5]arenes in a fixed cone conformation, endowed with a urea functionality at the upper rim, behave as remarkably efficient abiotic receptors of omega-amino acids and biogenic amines, which are bound with one end of the chain within the pi-basic cavity (primary recognition site) and the other grasped by the secondary hydrogen bonding donor/acceptor binding site.     

Supramolecular Polymerization Engineered with Molecular Recognition

Supramolecular polymeric assemblies represent an emerging, promising class of molecular assemblies with enormous versatility compared with their covalent polymeric counterparts. Although a large number of host–guest motifs have been produced over the history of supramolecular chemistry, only a limited number of recognition motifs have been utilized as supramolecular connections in polymeric assemblies. This account describes the molecular recognition of host molecules based on calix[5]arene and bisporphyrin that demonstrate unique guest encapsulations; subsequently, these host–guest motifs are applied to the synthesis of supramolecular polymers that display polymer‐like properties in solution and solid states. In addition, new bisresorcinarenes are developed to form supramolecular polymers that are connected via a rim‐to‐rim hydrogen‐bonded dimeric structure, which is composed of two resorcinarene moieties.