苝醌/富勒烯C60超分子与电子给体的电子转移作用

利用紫外-可见吸收光谱、瞬态吸收光谱及X射线衍射等方法研究了苝醌染料竹红菌素镁离子配合物(Mg2+-HA)与富勒烯C60的相互作用. 结果表明, Mg2+-HA与C60在溶液和固体状态下都能够形成稳定的超分子. Mg2+-HA存在条件下, C60能够溶于多种极性溶剂, 在二甲基亚砜(DMSO)中的溶解度能够达到1×10^-4 mol·L^-1. 作为超分子体系中的光捕获分子, Mg2+-HA能显著地提高C60与N,N-二甲基苯胺(DMA)的光诱导电子转移反应效率, 生成的C60负离子自由基的电子自旋共振光谱(ESR)信号强度比未加入Mg2+-HA时增强了9倍左右.     

哑铃型富勒烯化合物的光诱导电子转移反应

1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of DTE-azomethine ylides (DTE: dithienyl-ethene) to C60 in refluxed toluene was used to synthesize novel dumbbell-type fullerene dimer 1. For the sake of comparison, the monoadduct 2 were also synthesized. The molecular geometries of these two compounds were determined by theoretical calculations with HF-3/21G method. UV-Vis and fluorescence experiments were carried out in solvents with different polarity at the room temperature. All the results indicated the existence of a photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer process between the donor and acceptor moieties.     

富勒烯C60、C70的超分子化学

介绍了富勒烯Ｃ６０、Ｃ７０与环糊精、冠醚、杯芳烃等主体形成超分子的进展和一些潜在的应用前景。     

富勒烯(C60/C70)与N,N,N',N'一四-(对甲苯基)-4,4'-二胺-1,1'-二苯硒醚(TPDASe)间光诱导电子转移过程的激光光解研究

富勒烯(C60/Z70)与N,N,N',N'-四-(对甲苯基)-4,4'-二胺-1,1'-二苯硒醚(TPDASe)间在激光光诱导条件下,发生了分子间的电子转移过程.在可见-近红外区(600～1200mm),观测到了TPDASe阳离子自由基、富勒烯(C60/C70)激发三线态和阴离子自由基,在苯腈溶液中,观测瞬态谱测定了电子从TPDASe转移到富勒烯(C60/C70)激发三线态的量子转化产率(ΦT et)和电子转移常数(Ket).     

二茂铁-酞菁-富勒烯超分子三元体系的构筑及光物理和电化学性质

采用富勒吡咯烷衍生物中的吡啶或咪唑基与二茂铁修饰的金属酞菁轴向配位构筑了二茂铁-酞菁-富勒烯超分子三元体系, 通过紫外-可见光谱滴定法测定了其配位稳定性(K_assoc约为8.58×10⁴ L/mol). 稳态和时间分辨荧光光谱研究结果表明, 在该超分子三元体系中发生了快速的光诱导电子转移(k_CS约为10⁹ s^-1), 并具有较高的电荷分离态量子产率(Ф_CS=0.88). 循环伏安法数据表明, 其电荷分离驱动力ΔG_CS为负值(-0.60 eV), 说明酞菁和富勒烯之间容易形成电荷分离态.     

富勒烯（C_(60)/C_(70)）与三苯基胺间的光诱导电子转移过程研究

用激光光解方法研究了富勒烯（C_(60)/C_(70)）与三苯基胺（TPA）间的光诱 导电子转移过程。在近红外区,观测到TPA阴离子自由基,富勒烯（C_(60)/C_(70) ）激发三线态和阴离子自由基。在苯腈溶液中,利用瞬态谱测定了电子从TPA转移 到富勒烯（C_(60)/C_(70)）激发三线态的量子转化产率（Φ_(et)）和电子转移常 数（k_(et)）。     

环糊精/富勒烯[60]超分子包合物研究进展

富勒烯;c60;环糊精;超分子化学;合成     

富勒烯(C_(60)/C_(70))与N,N,N′,N′-四-(对甲苯基)-4,4′-二胺1,1′-二苯硒醚(TPDASe)间光诱导电子转移过程的激光光解研究

富勒烯 (C60 /C70 )与N ,N ,N′ ,N′ 四 (对甲苯基 ) 4,4′ 二胺 1,1′ 二苯硒醚 (TPDASe)间在激光光诱导条件下 ,发生了分子间的电子转移过程 .在可见 -近红外区 ( 60 0～ 12 0 0nm) ,观测到了TPDASe阳离子自由基、富勒烯 (C60 /C70 )激发三线态和阴离子自由基 ,在苯腈溶液中 ,观测瞬态谱测定了电子从TPDASe转移到富勒烯 (C60 /C70 )激发三线态的量子转化产率(ΦTet)和电子转移常数 (Ket) .     

卟啉-富勒烯体系光激发电子转移的理论研究

在分子水平研究新型人工光俘获材料对于太阳能电池的发展具有重要意义。本文采用TD-DFT方法研究了卟啉-富勒烯(P-C60)体系的光诱导电子转移过程。该过程由三个过程组成:(1)光激发过程,P-C60由基态激发至卟啉局域激发(LE)态;(2)电荷分离(CS)过程形成卟啉至富勒烯的电荷转移(CT)态;(3)电荷重组(CR)过程,CT态返回到基态。我们通过分析分子轨道指认了LE态和CT,并获得了这两个激发态的结构。采用广义Mulliken-Hush(GMH)方法计算体系电荷分离和电荷重组过程的态态间电子耦合,和实验测量的电子转移速率获得定性一致的结果。本工作为分析、预测光诱导电荷转移过程提供了有效的手段。     

浅谈富勒烯C60、C70发现的偶然性与必然性

1985年英国萨塞克斯大学(University of Sussex)的波谱学家H.W.Kroto与美国莱斯大学(Rice University)两名教授R.E.Smalley和R.F.Curl合作研究,发现碳元素可以形成由60个或70个碳原子构成的有笼状结构的C60和C70分子[1],这一发现引起科学界特别是物理学和化学界的强烈反响,成为本世纪后半叶的重大科学发现之一.11年后,三位科学家因为发现C60并提出其分子结构模型而荣获1996年诺贝尔化学奖.回顾C60的发现过程,应当承认,确有偶然性的一面,但从人类的认识规律和科学技术发展背景分析,C60的发现又有着历史的必然性.     

Photoinduced Electron Transfer in a Distyryl BODIPY–Fullerene Dyad

A novel distyryl BODIPY–fullerene dyad is prepared. Upon excitation at the distyryl BODIPY moiety, the dyad undergoes photoinduced electron transfer to give a charge‐separated state with lifetimes of 476 ps and 730 ps in polar (benzonitrile) and nonpolar (toluene) solvents, respectively. Transient absorption measurements show the formation of the triplet excited state of distyryl BODIPY in the dyad, which is populated from charge‐recombination processes in both solvents.     

Ultrafast Photoinduced Electron Transfer between an Incarcerated Donor and a Free Acceptor in Aqueous Solution

Supramolecular photoinduced electron transfer dynamics between coumarin 153 (C153) and 4,4'-dimethyl viologen dichloride (MV(2+)) across the molecular barrier of a host molecule, octa acid (OA), has been investigated with femtosecond time resolution. The ultrafast electron transfer from C153 to MV(2+) followed excitation with 150 fs laser pulses at a wavelength of 390 nm despite the fact that C153 was incarcerated within an OA(2) capsule. As a result, the photoexcited coumarin did not show any of the typical relaxation dynamics that is usually observed in free solution. Instead, the excited electron was transferred across the molecular wall of the capsuleplex within 20 ps. Likewise, the lifetime of the charge transfer state was short (724 ps), and electron back-transfer reestablished the ground state of the system within 1 ns, showing strong electronic coupling among the excited electron donor, host, and acceptor. When the donor was encapsulated into the host molecule, the electron transfer process showed significantly accelerated dynamics and essentially no solvent relaxation compared with that in free solution. The study was also extended to N-methylpyridinium iodide as the acceptor with similar results.     

Photoinduced Electron Transfer (PET) between C_(60) and Amines in Micelle Solution A Kinetic ESR Study

Fullerene chemistry has been one of the most exciting research subjects in the recent decade1,2. However, the predominant hydrophobic character and the spherical carbon allotrope of C60 hinder its solubility in an aqueous solution. In order to efficiently slow down charge recombination in the PET system containing C60, water was selected as optimal polar media to stabilize charge separation state. Accordingly, solubility of fullerene in water had to be achieved by incorporating it into th…     

Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Tetrathiafulvalene−Porphyrin−Fullerene Molecular Triads

The two molecular triads 1a and 1b consisting of a porphyrin (P) covalently linked to a fullerene (C₆₀) electron acceptor and tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) electron‐donor moiety were synthesized, and their photochemical properties were determined by transient absorption and emission techniques. Excitation of the free‐base‐porphyrin moiety of the TTF−P_{2 H}−C₆₀ triad 1a in tetrahydro‐2‐methylfuran solution yields the porphyrin first excited singlet state TTF−¹P_{2 H}−C₆₀, which undergoes photoinduced electron transfer with a time constant of 25 ps to give TTF−P_{2 H}^.+−C₆₀^.−. This intermediate charge‐separated state has a lifetime of 230 ps, decaying mainly by a charge‐shift reaction to yield a final state, TTF^.+−P_{2 H}−C₆₀^.−. The final state has a lifetime of 660 ns, is formed with an overall yield of 92%, and preserves ca. 1.0 eV of the 1.9 eV inherent in the porphyrin excited state. Similar behavior is observed for the zinc analog 1b . The TTF‐P_Zn^.+−C₆₀^.− state is formed by ultrafast electron transfer from the porphyrinatozinc excited singlet state with a time constant of 1.5 ps. The final TTF^.+−P_Zn−C₆₀^.− state is generated with a yield of 16%, and also has a lifetime of 660 ns. Although charge recombination to yield a triplet has been observed in related donor‐acceptor systems, the TTF^.+−P−C₆₀^.− states recombine to the ground state, because the molecule lacks low‐energy triplet states. This structural feature leads to a longer lifetime for the final charge‐separated state, during which the stored energy could be harvested for solar‐energy conversion or molecular optoelectronic applications.     

Role of the Bridge in Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Porphyrin–Fullerene Dyads

The role of π‐conjugated molecular bridges in through‐space and through‐bond electron transfer is studied by comparing two porphyrin–fullerene donor–acceptor (D–A) dyads. One dyad, ZnP–Ph–C₆₀ (ZnP=zinc porphyrin), incorporates a phenyl bridge between D and A and behaves very similarly to analogous dyads studied previously. The second dyad, ZnP–EDOTV–C₆₀, introduces an additional 3,4‐ethylenedioxythienylvinylene (EDOTV) unit into the conjugated bridge, which increases the distance between D and A, but, at the same time, provides increased electronic communication between them. Two essential outcomes that result from the introduction of the EDOTV unit in the bridge are as follows: 1) faster charge recombination, which indicates enhanced electronic coupling between the charge‐separated and ground electronic states; and 2) the disappearance of the intramolecular exciplex, which mediates photoinduced charge separation in the ZnP–Ph–C₆₀ dyad. The latter can be interpreted as a gradual decrease in electronic coupling between locally excited singlet states of D and A when introducing the EDOTV unit into the D–A bridge.     

光捕获树枝形聚合物体系能量传递和电子转移研究进展

树枝形聚合物是一类围绕着中心核,外围链段和官能团呈指数增长的支化高分子.合成方法的发展使发色团可被精确地置于树枝形聚合物的核心、外围甚至支化节点处.树枝形聚合物的特殊结构使其作为模拟光捕获体系被广泛研究.光诱导电子转移和能量传递是光合作用中的重要过程,研究树枝形聚合物体系中的电子转移和能量传递对未来树枝形聚合物在光电器件中的应用有着重要意义.本文综述了近年来光捕获树枝形聚合物体系的研究进展,并重点介绍光捕获树枝形聚合物体系中的能量传递和电子转移过程研究.