CeO2纳米固体的拉曼谱研究

本文对颗粒尺寸为４ｎｍ至４５ｎｍ的ＣｅＯ２纳米固体的拉曼谱进行研究，发现出现在４６５ｃｍ＾－１附近的拉曼峰有红移和不对称宽化现象，并得出了拉曼半峰宽与粒径倒数之间的线性关系，同时，对拉曼峰的红移和不对称宽化进行了解释。     

纳米颗粒DBS/TiO_2的拉曼光谱

采用水热法制得表面包覆有十二烷基苯磺酸的二氧化钛纳米粒子 ,并应用拉曼光谱对其进行了检测。结果表明 :样品为表面包覆有十二烷基苯磺酸的二氧化钛纳米粒子的集合体。其拉曼峰与未包裹的二氧化钛拉曼峰相比 ,出现了蓝移现象 ,从纳米粒子的表面结构及包裹层的压力出发对此现象进行了定性解释和讨论     

C_(60)衍生物分子的拉曼光谱研究

本文通过对C6 0 衍生物拉曼光谱的研究发现 ,由于有机官能团的出现使得C6 0 分子的结构发生了变化 ,从而导致C6 0 衍生物的拉曼光谱有了明显不同。本文对此现象进行了分析与解释。     

纳米颗粒DBS／TiO2的拉曼光谱

采用水热法制得表面包覆有十二烷基苯磺酸的二氧化钛纳米粒子,并应用拉曼光谱对其进行了检测。结果表明：样品为表面包覆有十二烷基苯磺酸的二氧化钛纳米粒子的集合体。其拉曼峰与未包裹的二氧化钛拉曼锋相比,出现了蓝移现象,从纳米粒子的表面结构及包裹层的压力出发对此现象进行了定性解释和讨论。     

纳米稀土镧8-羟基喹啉间羟基苯甲酸/TiO2的红外及拉曼光谱研究

采用沉淀法/溶胶-凝胶复合方法制备了纳米稀土镧8-羟基喹啉间羟基苯甲酸/TiO2复合粒子。并应用红外和拉曼光谱对其进行了表征。红外光谱证明样品为稀土镧8-羟基喹啉间羟基苯甲酸/TiO2复合粒子。拉曼光谱证明其拉曼峰与文献报道的TiO2拉曼峰相比,部分峰位出现了蓝移,部分峰位出现了红移现象,从纳米粒子的表面结构及配合物层的压力出发对此现象进行了定性解释和讨论。     

表面增强拉曼光谱快速检测毒品海洛因

荧光的干扰使得毒品海洛因难以直接进行拉曼光谱检测。本文将表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)技术引入到毒品海洛因的快速检测,首次获得它的表面增强拉曼特征峰。采用此法成功检测了来自海关的20批毒品海洛因样品,对其它粉末的检测中没有出现误报现象。这表明表面增强拉曼光谱可用于对海洛因的准确检测。     

拉曼散射在有线电视传输中的应用

本文叙述了拉曼散射的原理,结合拉曼散射理论,讨论了光纤拉曼放大器的优缺点,并根据现阶段有线电视的传输方式和将来的发展趋势,论证了光纤拉曼放大器用于CATV的重要性和不可或缺性.     

相干布居囚禁振荡与拉曼失谐的关系

相干布居囚禁(CPT)振荡是一种基于CPT态而产生的瞬态振荡现象,与相干双色光频差和Λ型三能级结构原子基态能级间隔之间的拉曼失谐有关.本文采用锯齿波对微波信号进行频率调制,实现拉曼失谐均匀变化和阶跃变化.并通过建立频率调制速率和拉曼失谐变化速率之间的关系,分析拉曼失谐变化速率和变化方式对CPT振荡的影响.结果表明,当拉曼失谐均匀变化时,激发CPT态原子产生振荡现象需要满足变化速率较快的条件,且激发产生的振荡呈现非谐波振荡行为.当拉曼失谐发生阶跃变化时,激发产生的CPT振荡为阻尼振荡且振荡频率与失谐量相等.利用锯齿波进行微波频率调制,进而实现对拉曼失谐的调制,实现CPT态的完全建立和CPT振荡的完全衰减过程,在弱磁场测量和原子钟领域具有较大的应用潜力.     

用染料荧光增益增强弱增益拉曼模式的受激拉曼散射的经典理论

建立了用染料荧光增益增强弱拉曼模式的受激拉曼散射(SRS)的经典理论,详细给出了拉曼增益gR,染料荧光增益gD和总损耗α的表达式,并在其推导过程中对经典理论作了修正,最后得到了荧光增益和受激拉曼增益可以共同使SRS强度的指数部分快速增长的结果,可以很好地解释观察到的实验现象,并为其提供理论依据。     

二维材料的变温拉曼光谱研究

拉曼散射是光与物质相互作用过程中发生的一种非弹性光散射现象.由于拉曼散射光通常带有散射物质结构的特征信息,拉曼光谱一直广泛应用于表征材料结构的研究.近年来,拉曼光谱已成为表征低维纳米材料不可或缺的实验内容,因此也对拉曼光谱技术本身的发展提出新的要求.面向表征层状纳米材料的前沿研究,北京大学基础物理实验教学中心在拉曼光谱检测仪器和技术方面进行了一系列的探索.本文主要介绍北京大学近两年在变温拉曼光谱仪研制及二维材料结构表征应用的一些阶段性工作成果.     

THE STUDY OF SERS EFFECT AND ADSORPTION PROPERTY ON Cu SURFACE FOR PNBA

With different amounts of KCl added in the PNBA(p- nitro benzoic acid) aqueous solution, the factors affecting the SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) are studied systematically on the surface of Copper. The results show that in PNBA aqueous solution the occurrence of SERS effect stongly depends on the existence of Cl^-. The amount of KCl added affects not only the emergence and the intensity of SERS effect, but also the adsorption properties such as the adsorption manner,etc.     

Surface enhanced Raman scattering of organic sample powders spread over vacuum-evaporated silver thin film

Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) from samples prepared by spreading para-nitrobenzoic acid (PNBA) and adenosine powders over silver thin films was achieved. The SERS intensities of the ionized PNBA on the silver film increase with increased applied pressure through a cover-glass and reach a maximum at 0.6 MPa. In contrast, the signals caused by adenosine remain nearly unchanged under applied pressures of 0-0.6 MPa. Beyond 0.6 MPa, the signals attributable to samples decrease in intensity. Atomic force microprobe images reveal that nanometer-scale surface morphology is changed by 0.8 MPa pressure, suggesting that the decrease in SERS intensity is related to pressure-induced morphological changes. Results obtained in this study indicate that SERS spectra are obtainable easily, without solvents, under ambient conditions using dispersion of the sample powder.     

硅纳米线拉曼光谱的波长选择效应

我们用四种不同波长的激光作为激发源研究硅纳米线的拉曼谱 ,观察到一种反常的现象 ,即拉曼峰的频移、峰宽和非对称系数都依赖于激发光波长。考虑了量子限制效应 ,样品的尺寸分布和共振拉曼散射特性 ,对此反常现象提出了一个合理的解释     

The role of direct surface interaction in surface enhanced Raman scattering by pyridine and CO on silver

The surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) phenomenon due to pyridine on silver and CO on silver in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) has been compared. The study was carried out for two different kinds of silver surfaces, island films and “cold” films on island films. We have reported earlier that it was necessary to warm the samples to about 70K in order to observe the full surface enhanced Raman spectrum when the pyridine was deposited on silver island films on sapphire substrates at liquid He temperatures. We call this the effect of a “low temperature anneal” and the present work indicates that this effect is more general than we originally thought. It has also been found that island films exhibit enhanced Raman scattering for pyridine but not for CO, although “cold” films enhance the Raman scattering of both CO and pyridine. This is the first clear indication that molecular specificity may be a part of the SERS phenomenon. The interpretation of these observations depends critically on our understanding of the SERS phenomenon.     

掺Yb双包层光纤激光器的时域特性和光谱特性研究

实验观测了掺Yb3+双包层光纤激光器的时域特性和光谱特性. 研究了抽运功率、腔损耗对激光器工作特性的影响. 研究发现, 利用单镜腔结构的光纤激光器, 可产生自脉动、受激布里渊散射和受激喇曼散射等非线性效应; 而采用双镜腔结构可有效抑制自脉动特性, 提高激光器工作的稳定性, 并对实验现象进行了定性的分析.     

Stimulated Raman backscattering from an ultrashort laser interacting with underdense plasmas

We present experimental results of the stimulated Raman backscattering instability (BSRS) in an ultrashort intense (45fs, 5.7×10¹⁷Wcm^-2) laser pulse interacting with an optically ionized helium gas. We have studied the stimulated Raman backscattering reflectivity and the phenomenon of the transition from strongly coupled BSRS to weakly coupled BSRS. We have obtained a good agreement between our experimental results and the theory of BSRS.     

Lasing without inversion: counterintuitive population dynamics in the transient regime

We explore a three-level Lambda scheme to demonstrate that the phenomenon of lasing without inversion (LWI) can be observed in the transient regime. We demonstrate that the pure LWI contribution to the gain of a probe field is distinct from both the resonant absorption (or gain) and the coherent Raman gain (or absorption) by choosing specific initial populations in the dressed-state basis. The suppression of the non-LWI (resonant and Raman) processes is followed by the "rich get richer" (capitalistic) effect for the ground-state population dynamics: Initially, the more populated ground state becomes even more populated. The conditions for the observation of the effect are specified.     

Darling–Dennison resonance of thiourea adsorbed on the silver electrode revealed by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy

We report surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of Darling–Dennison resonance of thiourea on Ag electrode excited at 514.5 nm laser excitation. Darling–Dennison resonance indicates that two degenerate Raman modes interact with each other and their degenerate first‐order overtone modes obtain energy and appear in Raman spectra. Our study showed that the ratio of intensity of the Darling–Dennison resonance is up to 0.24 of its fundamental Raman intensity, when the applied electrode voltage is at –0.4 V versus the saturated calomel electrode. This phenomenon was also observed on the Ag island film surface at ambient condition. These observations demonstrated strong evidence for Darling–Dennison resonance band in SERS. The implications of these observations are also discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

不同波长激光激发下C6H12受激拉曼散射模式竞争

发现不同波长激光激发下C₆H₁₂的受激拉曼散射模式竞争现象. 在不同波长的激光激发下，不同拉曼模式的Stokes光占优势. 短波长(404，532nm)激光激发时小频移模式ω₁(802cm^-1)为弱增益模式，大频移模式ω₂(2852—3038cm^-1)为强增益模， 主要产生ω₂模式的Stokes光. 长波长(80 关键词： 模式竞争 6H₁₂')" href="#">C₆H₁₂ 受激拉曼散射     

IR absorption enhancement for ionized p -nitrobenzoic acid on silver island films epitaxially grown on the 7 × 7 reconstructed Si(111) surface

An enhanced infrared absorption is reported for p-nitrobenzoic acid (PNBA) adsorbed on molecular-beam-epitaxially grown silver films at room temperature on 7×7 reconstructed Si(111) substrates. Reflection high-energy electron diffraction reveals the formation of Ag(111) islands even for 82-monolayer-thick silver deposition on the substrate. The NO₂ symmetric stretch of the surface-ionized species (PNBA^-) is a maximum in intensity at a thickness of 64 monolayers and is one order of magnitude stronger than the same mode of PNBA deposited at a thickness of 5 nm on a Si wafer. Based on the change in film morphology and in light transmittance with silver film thickness, this absorption enhancement is ascribed to the excitation of transverse collective electron resonance of the silver islands. The thickness dependence of the enhancement and of the film morphology will be compared with those observed for silver films deposited on oxidized Si(111) substrates. PACS 61.14.Hg; 68.37.Hk; 78.30.-J