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通过美国标准和技术研究所开发的软件程序计算出了混合工质在不同配比下的物理性质;最终以要求的制冷量为标准,确定了混合工质的最佳配比;并通过分析计算,得出了一个三级自动复叠系统中各测点的状态参数;最后分析了压缩机高、低压对系统性能的影响。 相似文献
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针对目前R502主流替代工质R507和R404A存在的温室效应指数高、与矿物油互溶性差等缺点,提出了环保性能更好的三组近共沸混合工质R134a/R290、R134a/R1270和R134a/R290/R1270作为R502新型替代工质;并对其热物性、循环性能、安全性能和溶油性进行了计算分析。结果表明:除了压缩机排气温度偏高,这三组R134a/HCs混合工质的其它主要循环性能参数如压缩机压力比、容积制冷量和系统性能系数COP都优于R507和R404A,并且从理论上讲不存在可燃可爆的危险,同时可以与矿物油互溶,在替代R502方面更具有优势,其中R134a/R290/R1270在高热负荷下的综合性能最优良。 相似文献
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工业生产中存在大量的70~80℃的余热未被回收利用,如果利用热泵将这部分余热转化为高品质工业蒸汽则可大大降低工业能耗和污染物排放。本文研究一种回收废水余热制取蒸汽的高温热泵系统,在蒸发器侧水进出口温度80/70℃和冷凝器侧水进出口温度90/120℃设计工况下,针对该换热过程"大温差"和"高冷凝"的换热特点分析对比不同非共沸工质的循环性能。首先对比了多种二元混合工质的循环性能,得到性能较为优良的混合工质R124/R141b(0.45/0.55).为保证压缩机安全运行添加第三元组分以降低排气温度和压力,结果表明:三元工质R365mfc/R124/R141b(0.55/0.405/0.045)综合性能较佳,其COP达到4.9,并且单位容积制热量为4110 kJ/m3,同时排气温度125℃和冷凝压力为1595 kPa,综合性能优越并满足压缩机安全运行要求。 相似文献
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几种中高温热泵工质的循环性能实验研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
出于对工质自身环境特性和系统运行性能对环境的综合影响的考虑,对理论循环性能优良的HCFCs工质HCFIC124、HCFC142b,含有HCFCs的二元混合工质MB3B、 MB3C、 MB1B和三元混合工质MT1C,在冷凝温度为60~90℃的中高温热泵工况范围内,进行了循环性能对比实验研究.实验在水-水蒸汽压缩式热泵实验台上、以指定工质侧参数的实验方式进行.结果表明, 6种工质的实验循环性能优良.与ODP为0、具有在冷凝温度为80℃以上的工况范围应用潜力的代表性工质HFC245fa相比,在HFC245fa适用的实验工况范围内,6种工质的压缩机排气温度均高丁HFC245fa; MB1B.MT1C系统的COP明显高丁HFC245fa,其余4种工质系统的COP略高于HFC245fa;6种工质系统的制热量均明显高丁HFC245fa. 相似文献
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本文综合考虑了环保和中高温水源热泵对制冷剂的特殊要求,通过研究工质的热物理性质、材料相容性、油溶性,研发了一种臭氧层破坏潜能(ODP)为零的非共沸中高温热泵混合工质HTR04,并在中高温水源热泵试验台机组上进行了新工质的热工性能试验.实验结果表明该工质能够稳定产生80℃的热水,且有较高的性能系数,可与R134a压缩机兼容.该工质的实际工程应用前景良好. 相似文献
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Psychophysical studies were conducted on three prelingual and two postlingual cochlear implant patients. Auditory sensations were produced by electrical stimulation of the residual nerve fibers of the auditory nerve by means of a multiple-electrode cochlear implant. The psychophysical performance of the prelinguals was, in general, poorer than that of the postlinguals; prelingual performance was poorer for repetition rate and electrode position identification, gap detection, and durational and numerosity judgments. Improved performance with time, however, was consistently observed for the prelinguals in the above-mentioned psychophysical tasks. There were significant individual differences in the amount of improvement among the three prelinguals. Speech perception studies were also conducted on the three prelingual patients. The speech perception performance of the three prelingual patients was much poorer than that of postlingual patients in general, and was consistent with their poorer psychophysical performance described above. 相似文献
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Three experiments were conducted, with broad band noise and whole-body vibration used as stressors both separately and in combination. The three experiments related to three levels of vibration (0·6, 0·8 and 1·2 m/s2 r.m.s.). In each experiment the intensity of vibration was set at the specified value and the noise intensity for each subject was set at a value subjectively judged to be of equal intensity to the vibration offered. Subjects in each experiment performed an arithmetic task that was designed to minimize any direct mechanical interference from the stressors. The results are unusual in that significant reductions in performance were observed at quite low intensities of both noise and vibration. For the single stressor situations performance was reduced significantly compared with the control condition at the highest stressor level. At lower stressor levels, the effects were more varied and included some improvements in performance. However, there was a constancy in performance in the combined-stressor conditions such that performance did not vary significantly from that found in the control conditions. 相似文献
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为研究离散格式对离心泵性能预测精度的影响,本文以自吸式离心泵为计算模型,采用Realizableκ-ε湍流模式进行三维内流场的数值模拟研究,分析了从零流量到最大工作流量下的内部流动和水力性能。建立了考虑内部间隙影响的自吸式离心泵全三维计算模型,分析了动量方程对流项采用一阶差分和二阶差分格式对计算精度的影响,同时分析了压力项的Standard和PRESTO离散格式对计算精度的影响。结果表明,在小流量工况下,采用二阶迎风格式具有较高的计算精度,而在大流量工况下采用一阶迎风格式更为合适。该结果可为准确预测离心泵全工况外特性提供参考依据。 相似文献
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An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of the level of predictability of intermittent noise on performance on a visual vigilance task. Under a quiet condition and three intermittent noise conditions, subjects (Ss) carried out a 55-min task where they were required to detect a change in the brightness of one element of a visual display. The results indicated that Ss were less sensitive, less accurate, and more prone to response failures during intermittent noise, although responses were faster under noise conditions. Measures of response bias and response certainty were not significantly affected by the presentation of noise. Variation in the level of predictability of the noise affected only the accuracy of response measure during the final quarter of the vigilance task, with the group receiving the least predictable noise performing significantly worse than the other three groups. The results are discussed in relation to theories of noise and performance. 相似文献
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Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have achieved breakthrough performance on bird species identification using a spectrogram of bird vocalization. Aiming at the imbalance of the bird vocalization dataset, a single feature identification model (SFIM) with residual blocks and modified, weighted, cross-entropy function was proposed. To further improve the identification accuracy, two multi-channel fusion methods were built with three SFIMs. One of these fused the outputs of the feature extraction parts of three SFIMs (feature fusion mode), the other fused the outputs of the classifiers of three SFIMs (result fusion mode). The SFIMs were trained with three different kinds of spectrograms, which were calculated through short-time Fourier transform, mel-frequency cepstrum transform and chirplet transform, respectively. To overcome the shortage of the huge number of trainable model parameters, transfer learning was used in the multi-channel models. Using our own vocalization dataset as a sample set, it is found that the result fusion mode model outperforms the other proposed models, the best mean average precision (MAP) reaches 0.914. Choosing three durations of spectrograms, 100 ms, 300 ms and 500 ms for comparison, the results reveal that the 300 ms duration is the best for our own dataset. The duration is suggested to be determined based on the duration distribution of bird syllables. As for the performance with the training dataset of BirdCLEF2019, the highest classification mean average precision (cmAP) reached 0.135, which means the proposed model has certain generalization ability. 相似文献
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Using an adaptive strategy, the effects of mild sensorineural hearing loss and adult listeners' chronological age on speech recognition in babble were evaluated. The signal-to-babble ratio required to achieve 50% recognition was measured for three speech materials presented at soft to loud conversational speech levels. Four groups of subjects were tested: (1) normal-hearing listeners less than 44 years of age, (2) subjects less than 44 years old with mild sensorineural hearing loss and excellent speech recognition in quiet, (3) normal-hearing listeners greater than 65 with normal hearing, and (4) subjects greater than 65 years old with mild hearing loss and excellent performance in quiet. Groups 1 and 3, and groups 2 and 4 were matched on the basis of pure-tone thresholds, and thresholds for each of the three speech materials presented in quiet. In addition, groups 1 and 2 were similar in terms of mean age and age range, as were groups 3 and 4. Differences in performance in noise as a function of age were observed for both normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners despite equivalent performance in quiet. Subjects with mild hearing loss performed significantly worse than their normal-hearing counterparts. These results and their implications are discussed. 相似文献
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基于成像光谱技术的作物杂草识别研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
杂草识别是变量喷雾和物理方法精确除草的前提。利用自主设计的地面成像光谱系统在自然环境下获取了胡萝卜幼苗以及马齿苋、牛筋草和地锦等杂草在380~760 nm波长区间的高光谱数据,通过对数据归一化消除光照条件的影响之后,运用逐步法进行波段选择,采用Fisher线性判别方法对杂草与胡萝卜幼苗进行了识别。结果表明,当把每种杂草都作为一类加以精细区分时,运用选择的8个波段建立模型对杂草和胡萝卜幼苗的识别率达85%左右;当把杂草整体作为一类与胡萝卜幼苗进行区分时,运用选择的7个波段识别率高于91%。同时为了设计低成本的杂草识别系统,通过穷举法选择最优的2和3波段组合,其中最优3波段组合对杂草胡萝卜幼苗的识别能力与逐步法选择的5个波段相当,整体识别率达89%。此外发现,红边波段对杂草有着显著的识别能力。 相似文献
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针对微槽式芯片冷却器,建立三维仿真模型,分析其稳态工况下的传热情况,获得其温度和热应力分布.分析了五种不同结构形式芯片冷却器工作性能的影响,比较了纯铜和氮化硅复合物两种材质对散热性能的影响.结果表明,铜质冷却器散热性能较好,但内部热应力却高于复合材质冷却器.通过将原冷却通道分割成两个相同的小通道,可提高冷却性能,且应将... 相似文献