LaFe11.5Si1.5中的磁不稳定性

通过对LaFe_11.5Si_1.5化合物进行自旋极化和固定磁矩(FSM)的能带 计算，发现LaFe_11.5Si_1.5化合物具有磁不稳定性的特征，无磁态和铁磁 态的能量 差别很小，FSM计算表明LaFe_11.5Si_1.5化合物具有低自旋态和高 自旋态的双 磁性态特征，在一定条件下能够在两磁性态之间发生变磁转变.通过计算的结果，定性地分 析了实验上所观察的一些现象. 关键词： 磁不稳定性 变磁转变     

Large magnetic entropy change near room temperature in the LaFe11.5Si1.5H1.3 interstitial compound

The LaFe_11.5Si_1.5H_1.3 interstitial compound has been prepared. Its Curie temperature T_C (288 K) has been adjusted to around room temperature, and the maximal magnetic entropy change (|ΔS|～17.0 J·kg^-1·K^-1 at T_C) is larger than that of Gd (|ΔS|～9.8 J·kg^-1·K^-1 at T_C=293 K) by ～73.5% under a magnetic change from 0 to 5 T. The origin of the large magnetic entropy change is attributed to the first-order field-induced itinerant-electron metamagnetic transition. Moreover, the magnetic hysteresis of LaFe_11.5Si_1.5H_1.3 under the increase and decrease of the field is very small, which is favourable to magnetic refrigeration application. The present study suggests that the LaFe_11.5Si_1.5H_1.3 compound is a promising candidate as a room-temperature magnetic refrigerant.     

高温超导体脉冲磁化过程中的磁热不稳定性

该主要研究了高温超导体在脉冲磁场中的磁热稳定性，与传统低温超导体相比，ＨＴＳ所不同的是最不稳定的状态发生在磁通跳跃区，理论上借助Ｅ－ｊ曲线和有限热扩散方程推导了磁通跳跃场与变场速率的关系表达式：Ｂｊ＝Ｆ其规律基本与实验结果相符合，同时从实验中发现磁热不稳定性对永磁体脉冲磁化效果有巨大的影响。     

负磁剪切环形等离子体中的电子温度梯度不稳定性研究

本文用本征模积分方程研究了环形等离子体中磁剪切为负时由电子温度梯度驱动的不稳定性。考虑了电子的全部动力学效应，强调了稳定性阈值附近的模式行为及相应的湍性输运，给出了磁剪切为负的临界梯度的拟合公式。     

反磁剪切等离子体中的电阻交换模不稳定性

具有内部输运垒（ITB）的反磁剪切（RS）等离子体位形是在托卡马克中获得高参数的最具前景的途径之一。这种位形不仅改善等离子体约束,而且可以改进象气球模和新经典撕裂模等这类宏观模的稳定性。然而,反磁剪切区域的高压强可以驱动电阻交换模不稳定性,从而破坏中心区的等离子体高参数。为了研究电阻交换模不稳定性的性质,并确定其在RS等离子体中发展的区域,我们利用在HL－2A中使用中性束注入建立的RS位形来分析电阻交换模不稳定性。     

日冕磁流管中的离子回旋不稳定性与电子加速

本文结合数值计算,给出日冕条件下发生回旋不稳定性的条件。经分析得到离子回旋不稳定性较电子回旋不稳定性优先发生的结论,并讨论由离子回旋不稳定性所产生的电场和加速电子流。     

等离子体放电柱磁螺旋不稳定性的线性理论

在静电磁流体方程基础上,提出了柱状放电电弧等离子体磁螺旋不稳定性的一种新的线性分析方法.通过数量级分析得到的简化扰动能量方程研究了外轴向磁场中阻抗粘滞m=1慢模,解析地给出了全部解和不稳定性增长率.并讨论了外加轴向磁场、弧电流和弧柱半径与外管壁半径相对大小等对电弧不稳定性的影响 关键词：     

LaFe11.2Co0.7Si1.1合金在室温区的巨大磁熵变

在具有立方NaZn13型结构的稀土铁基化合物LaFe11.2Co0.7Si1.1中发现室温的巨大磁熵变，磁熵变的峰值位于居里温度Tc=274K处，5T外磁场下达到－20.3J/kg K约为相同的温区下金属Gd的2倍，LaFe11.2Co0.7Si1.1合金中强烈的磁弹性耦合，导致晶格在居里温度处出现巨大负膨胀，这是其巨大磁熵变的来源。     

色散阶梯式光纤中的调制不稳定性

从非线性薛定谔方程出发，研究了理想光纤，普通光纤，色散缓变光纤和色散阶梯式光纤的调制不稳定性，作为实际的应用，随着阶数的增加，色散阶梯式光纤几乎等价于色散缓变光纤。     

LaFe$lt;sub$gt;11.5$lt;/sub$gt;Si$lt;sub$gt;1.5$lt;/sub$gt;化合物氢化特性及稳定性的研究

系统研究了温度、时间、压力等因素对LaFe_11.5Si_1.5化合物吸氢过程的影响以及效果. 结果表明：吸氢处理会增大化合物的晶格常数,但不会改变其晶体结构. 在温度为423 K,氢气压力为0.0987 MPa时,可以制备出氢分布均匀的LaFe_11.5Si_1.5H_1.6间隙化合物. 氢化处理可以明显提高化合物的居里温度,降低热滞后,并且使磁熵变保持在较高值. LaFe_11.5Si_1.5H_1.6样品随着在空气中暴露时间的延长,居里温度和磁熵值的变化非常小,氢化合金的磁热性能具有良好的时间稳定性. 关键词： P-C-T关系曲线 居里温度 磁熵变 11.5Si_1.5氢化物')" href="#">LaFe_11.5Si_1.5氢化物     

Magnetovolume instability in FCC iron-nickel alloys

The possibility of magnetic and elastic instabilities is pointed out from the thermodynamic aspects of the magnetovolume properties of a ferromagnet, and the instabilities, Invar anomalies and martensitic transformations in fcc iron-nickel alloys are discussed.     

Hydrogen absorption of LaFe11.5Si1.5 compound under low hydrogen gas pressure

Hydrogen absorptions of LaFe11.5Si1.5 compound in 1-atm hydrogen gas at different temperatures are investigated. The hydrogen content in the hydrogenated sample does not increase with the increase of temperature of hydrogen absorption but changes complicatedly. The characteristic of first-order transition in LaFe11.5Si1.5 compound is weakened after hydrogen absorption. It leads the peaks of magnetic entropy to become wider and the hysteresis loss to reduce significantly, but relative cooling power (RCP) is not changed considerably.     

High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and bulk magnetometry study of LaFe11.5Si1.5 compound

This paper studies the microstructural and magnetic properties of LaFe11.5Si1.5 compound by means of high-resolution transmission electron microscope and bulk magnetometry measurements. The crystalline structure is accompanied with the noncrystalline and nanocrystalline structures. This characteristic is the reflection of the crystalline process held by quenching. The inverse susceptibilities diverge and deviate from Curie-Weiss law under low applied magnetic fields. This paper proposes the possible mechanism between the anomalous susceptibilities and microstructure, and offers a perspective on the magnetic properties of metastable intermetallic compounds.     

LaFe11.4 Al1.6中铁磁相与反铁磁相的双相共存

通过磁场下热磁曲线的测量,在LaFe11.4Al1.6化合物中发现了一个在一定温区内随温度稳定的铁磁相和反铁磁相的共存亚稳态.确定了这个亚稳态能够存在的磁场和温度范围,从而使LaFe11.4Al1.6化合物的磁相图更加完善.这个亚稳态的温度稳定性能够很好地解释磁性转变的临界场随温度的变化行为.这个双相共存亚稳态的存在,与LaFe11.4Al1.6中的磁性交换作用及晶格畸变所产生的边界相的稳定性有关.     

The studies of high-temperature and short-time annealing,phase transition process,and magnetic property for LaFe11.7Si1.3 compound

The high-temperature phase transition is analyzed according to the DSC of as-cast LaFe_11.7 Si_1.3 compound and the X-ray patterns of LaFe_11.7Si_1.3 compounds prepared by high-temperature and short-time annealing. Large amount of 1:13 phase begins to appear in LaFe_11.7Si_1.3 compound annealed near the melting point of LaFeSi phase (about 1422?K). When the annealing temperature is close to the temperature of peritectic reaction (about 1497?K), the speed of 1:13 phase formation is the fastest. The phase relation and microstructure of the LaFe_11.7Si_1.3 compounds annealed at 1523?K (5?h), 1373?K (2?h)?+?1523?K (5?h), and 1523?K (7?h) +1373?K (2?h) show that longer time annealing near peritectic reaction is helpful to decrease the impurity phases. For studying the influence of different high-temperature and short-time annealing on magnetic property, the Curie temperature, thermal, and magnetic hystereses, and the magnetocaloric effect of LaFe_11.7Si_1.3 compound annealed at three different temperatures are also investigated. Three compounds all keep the first order of magnetic transition behavior. The maximal magnetic entropy change ΔS_M (T, H) of the samples is 12.9, 16.04, and 23.8?J?kg^?1?K^?1 under a magnetic field of 0–2?T, respectively.     

间隙原子H,B,C对LaFe_(11.5)Al_(1.5)化合物磁性和磁热效应的影响

研究了金属化合物LaFe_(11.5)Al_(1.5)H_x(x=0,0.12,0.6,1.3),LaFe_(11.5)Al_(1.5)B_y(y=0.1,0.2,0.3)和LaFe_(11.5)Al_(1.5)C_z(z=0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5)的磁性、结构和磁热效应.金属化合物样品均形成了良好的NaZn_(13)型单相结构.基于固相-气相反应或者固相-固相反应引入间隙H,B,C原子后,磁性基态从反铁磁态变为铁磁态,饱和磁化强度(M_s)和居里温度(T_c)均呈升高趋势.值得注意的是:随着B和C含量的增加,化合物的相变性质由弱一级相变过渡至二级相变;而随着H含量的增加,相变性质却从二级相变过渡至弱一级相变.同时,化合物LaFe_(11.5)Al_(1.5)H_x,LaFe_(11.5)Al_(1.5)B_y和LaFe_(11.5)Al_(1.5)C_z均呈现出相当大的磁熵变.在0—5 T的外磁场作用下,LaFe_(11.5)Al_(1.5)H_(1.3),LaFe_(11.5)Al_(1.5)B_(0.1)和LaFe_(11.5)Al_(1.5)C_(0.2)的最大磁熵变分别达到12.3,9.6和10.8 J/kg·K.此外,在0—5 T的外磁场作用下,LaFe_(11.5)Al_(1.5)H_(0.6)的制冷能力达到259.2 J/kg,LaFe_(11.5)Al_(1.5)B_(0.1)的制冷能力达到116.4 J/kg,而LaFe_(11.5)Al_(1.5)C_(0.1)的制冷能力达到230.4 J/kg.