Liquid Flow in a Porous Channel with Electrokinetic Effects

In this paper, a fully developed laminar flow in a porous channel between two paralleled flat plates in the presence of a double layer electric field is analyzed. The linear Poisson-Boltzmann equation is suggested to model the double layer electric field near the solid-liquid interface. The equation of motion is extended by including the electrical body force generating from the double layer field and then solved analytically. Different from previous models, our proposed one is continuous in the whole flow field and matches commonly-accepted models in the field of fluid mechanics.Besides, the effects of various physical parameters such as the zeta potential, the electrokinetic separation distance, and the ratio of the streaming current to conduction current on the velocity, the pressure, the apparent viscosity of the fluid,as well as the streaming potential are discussed. Physical explanations on the changing trends of those physical quantities with various parameters are given.     

Liquid Flow in a Porous Channel with Electrokinetic Effects

In this paper, a fully developed laminar flow in a porous channel between two paralleled flat plates in the presence of a double layer electric field is analyzed. The linear Poisson-Boltzmann equation is suggested to model the double layer electric field near the solid-liquid interface. The equation of motion is extended by including the electrical body force generating from the double layer field and then solved analytically. Different from previous models, our proposed one is continuous in the whole flow field and matches commonly-accepted models in the field of fluid mechanics. Besides, the effects of various physical parameters such as the zeta potential, the electrokinetic separation distance, and the ratio of the streaming current to conduction current on the velocity, the pressure, the apparent viscosity of the fluid, as well as the streaming potential are discussed. Physical explanations on the changing trends of those physical quantities with various parameters are given.     

液态包层流动通道插件三维MHD效应数值模拟

用直接数值方法对高效液态锂铅包层内的金属流体三维MHD效应进行分析。用投影法对包含洛仑兹力源项的不可压Navier．Stokes方程求解,用相容守恒格式计算电磁力。研究了不同材料的流动通道插件（FCI）对金属磁流体流速、MHD压降和电流流线分布的影响。主要分析了以下三种情况：无FCI插件的通道内的流动状况;加入绝缘材料...     

Long Distance Quantum Communication Over a Noisy Channel

The creation of a quantum network is an important goal of quantum intormation processing. Long distance quantum communication with high fidelity is the main obstacle in achieving this goal. A scheme to transmit qubits without fidelity decrease over the noisy channel is presented. Using the idea of ＂ time-bin entanglement＂ , the scheme works without any auxiliary particles and there is no resources increase with the length of the channel. The scheme is feasible with the current experimental technology.     

竖直上升通道RP-3航空煤油不稳定流动换热特性及临界准则

针对空-油换热器的冷却换热问题,对竖直上升圆管内超临界压力RP-3航空煤油的不稳定流动换热开展了实验研究.探究了由稳定流动换热向不稳定流动换热的过渡过程,考察了测量参数的振荡特性和机理,阐述了质量流量、进口压力、进口温度对壁温振荡和不稳定边界的影响.提出了两个无量纲参数,建立了不稳定边界预测准则.结果表明:通道施加高热...     

Thermomechanically Excited Vortical Flow in a Hybrid-Oriented Nematic Channel

Physics of the Solid State - In this paper, we described numerically several scenarios of formation of vortex flows (VF) in microsized hybrid-oriented liquid crystal (HOLC) channels with...     

长腰内锥流量计的特性研究

内锥式流量计在多相流测量中的应用逐渐受到广大多相流研究工作者的重视。针对内锥式流量计在多相流测量中存在的一些问题,提出一种新型的环形通道式差压流量计—长腰内锥流量计。通过理论推导得出流量方程及永久压损与流量的关系式,并通过在水相、油相、气相条件下的标定实验,定量分析流出系数与永久压损等特性。结果表明:在长腰内锥体腰部取低压可以在保证差压信号幅值的情况下提高其稳定性、重复性;长腰内锥流量计节流件的轮廓及固定方式可以显著地减小永久压损。为后期开发新型多相流测量仪器提供理论依据与设计基础。     

带通道插件管道流磁流体动力学效应的数值模拟

采用二维完全发展流模型对聚变反应堆包层带通道插件和压力平衡槽隙的矩形磁流体管流的MHD效应进行数值模拟,分析速度分布,MHD压降随哈德曼数以及通道插件的电导率的变化规律.与无插件磁流体管流相比,带绝缘通道插件管流MHD压降显著降低,MHD压降随哈德曼数的增加而减小,通道插件材料的电导率增加MHD压降系数减小.压力平衡槽隙处的回流与通道插件的电导率有关.在宏观上计算结果与实验结果和简化理论结果一致.     

Critical Behavior of Liquid 3He

We investigate the liquid–gas second-order phase transition in liquid ³He using the variational calculations based on the cluster expansion of the energy functional. We also compute the critical point exponents of liquid ³He that are in agreement with experimental data.     

Pressure Oscillating Flow in Corrugated Parallel Channel

The approximate analytical solution of velocity is presented for incompressible and viscous fluid driven by the oscillation of the periodic pressure, between two slit parallel plates with corrugated walls by employing perturbation method. The corrugations of the two walls are described as periodic sinusoidal waves with small amplitude either in phase or half-period out of phase. Based on the analysis, we discuss the influence of the dimensionless parameters on velocity u^± and mean velocity parameter φ^± numerically, such as Reynolds number Re, nondimensional amplitude A of pressure gradient and wave number k.     

Turbulence Modulations in the Boundary Layer of a Horizontal Particle-Laden Channel Flow

Turbulence modulations are experimentally investigated using particle image velocimetry （PIV） in the lower boundary layer of a fully developed horizontal channel flow. A simultaneous two-phase PIV measurement technique is adopted to acquire the turbulent statistics quantities and to examine the coherent structures in the near-wall region. Polythene beads with diameters of 60 μm are used as dispersed phases, and the PIV measurements have been performed at three mass loadings varying from 2.5 ×10^-4 to 5 × 10^-3. All the experiments are performed at a wall shear Reynolds number of Reτ = 430. The results show that the presence of the particles suppresses the coherent structures, with shorter streamwise extent of the quasistrearnwise structures, and then, the wall-normal velocity fluctuations and shear Reynolds stresses are both decreased in the near-core region. In addition, as a result of the particle wake, the turbulence intensity and shear Reynolds stress both increase in the vicinity of the wall. Due to the drag effects of the particles on the gas, the streamwise velocity gradients decrease in the outer region and increase in the viscous sublayer, meanwhile the thickness of the viscous sublayer also decreases. These results cause the peak values of the streamwise velocity fluctuations adjacent to the wall to increase, and the peak positions shift to the wall. This is the reason for decreasing the near-wall region and increasing the near-core region of the streamwise velocity fluctuations in appearance.     

Pressure Oscillating Flow in Corrugated Parallel Channel

The approximate analytical solution of velocity is presented for incompressible and viscous fluid driven by the oscillation of the periodic pressure, between two slit parallel plates with corrugated walls by employing perturbation method. The corrugations of the two walls are described as periodic sinusoidal waves with small amplitude either in phase or half-period out of phase. Based on the analysis, we discuss the influence of the dimensionless parameters on velocity u±and mean velocity parameter φ±numerically, such as Reynolds number Re, nondimensional amplitude A of pressure gradient and wave number k.     

Unsteady Liquid Film Flow with a Prescribed Free-Surface Velocity

A liquid film flow over a flat plate is investigated by prescribing the unsteady interface velocity. With this prescribed surface velocity, the governing Navier–Stokes(NS) equations are transformed into a similarity ordinary differential equation, which is solved numerically. The flow characteristics is controlled by an unsteadiness parameter S and the flow direction parameter Λ. The results show that solutions only exist for a certain range of the unsteadiness parameter, i.e., S≤1 for Λ =-1 and S≤-2.815877 for Λ = 1. In the solution domain,the dimensionless liquid film thickness β decreases with S for both the cases. The wall shear stress increases with the decrease of S for Λ =-1. However, for Λ =-1 the shear stress magnitude first decreases and then increases with the decrease of S. There are no zero crossing points for the velocity profiles for both the cases. The profiles of velocity stay either positive or negative all the time, except for the wall zero velocity. Consequently,the vertical velocity becomes a monotonic function. To maintain the prescribed velocity, mass transpiration is generally needed, but for the shrinking film case it is possible to have an impermeable wall. The results are also an exact solution to the full NS equations.     

Mathematical Analysis for Peristaltic Flow of Two Phase Nanofluid in a Curved Channel

This paper describes the theoretical analysis for peristaltic motion of water base nanoBuid containing distinct types of the nanoparticles like Cu,TiO_2,and Al_2O_3.Equations of nano Quid are modelled and simplified by constructing the suppositions of low Reynolds number as well as long wave length.The reduced equations are solved exactly.Solutions are represented through graphs.Outcomes for the velocity,temperature,pressure rise and stream lines are analyzed graphically.The work presented here is based on the fictitious values,however some other values can be tested experimentally.     

Mathematical Analysis for Peristaltic Flow of Two Phase Nanofluid in a Curved Channel

This paper describes the theoretical analysis for peristaltic motion of water base nanofluid containing distinct types of the nanoparticles like Cu, TiO₂, and Al₂O₃. Equations of nano fluid are modelled and simplified by constructing the suppositions of low Reynolds number as well as long wave length. The reduced equations are solved exactly. Solutions are represented through graphs. Outcomes for the velocity, temperature, pressure rise and stream lines are analyzed graphically. The work presented here is based on the fictitious values, however some other values can be tested experimentally.     

Experimental Investigation of Subcooled Vertical Upward Flow Boiling in a Narrow Rectangular Channel

Accurate models for the onset of nucleate boiling, density of active nucleation sites (N_a), bubble departure size (D_d), and departure frequency (f_d) are essential to the success of computational fluid dynamics analysis of two-phase thermal-hydraulics involving subcooled flow boiling in nuclear reactor systems. This work presents an experimental study of subcooled flow boiling in a vertical upward narrow rectangular channel that mimics the flow passage in the plate fuel assembly of boiling water reactors. The experiments are conducted over a range of mass flux (G = 122–657 kg/m²s), inlet subcooling (ΔT_sub = 4.7–33.3?C), and heat flux (q″ = 1.7–28.9 W/cm²). Based on the experimental data, empirical correlations are developed for the prediction of onset of nucleate boiling, N_a, D_d, and f_d for given flow conditions. These correlations are valid in the nucleate boiling regime when the wall superheat is less than 12°C and can be incorporated in the computational fluid dynamics codes to enable more precise simulation of subcooled flow boiling heat transfer and two-phase flow in nuclear energy applications.