Some inequalities for symmetric functions and an application to orthogonal polynomials

We present some sharp inequalities for symmetric functions and give an application to orthogonal polynomials.     

Chain sequences and symmetric generalized orthogonal polynomials

In this paper, we derive an explicit expression for the parameter sequences of a chain sequence in terms of the corresponding orthogonal polynomials and their associated polynomials. We use this to study the orthogonal polynomials K_n^(λ,M,k) associated with the probability measure dφ(λ,M,k;x), which is the Gegenbauer measure of parameter λ+1 with two additional mass points at ±k. When k=1 we obtain information on the polynomials K_n^(λ,M) which are the symmetric Koornwinder polynomials. Monotonicity properties of the zeros of K_n^(λ,M,k) in relation to M and k are also given.     

Some isoperimetric inequalities and their application to problems on polynomials

We prove sharp inequalities for the product of the Lebesgue integral of certain power of a positive absolutely continuous and nondecreasing function (or a linear combination of such distinct powers) and the Lebesgue integral of the square of its derivative. These inequalities are related to some problems for polynomials having small Mahler measure. As an application, we give a lower bound for the logarithmic height of a noncyclotomic algebraic number in terms of its degree.     

Linearization of the product of symmetric orthogonal polynomials

A new constructive approach is given to the linearization formulas of symmetric orthogonal polynomials. We use the monic three-term recurrence relation of an orthogonal polynomial system to set up a partial difference equation problem for the product of two polynomials and solve it in terms of the initial data. To this end, an auxiliary function of four integer variables is introduced, which may be seen as a discrete analogue of Riemann's function. As an application, we derive the linearization formulas for the associated Hermite polynomials and for their continuousq-analogues. The linearization coefficients are represented here in terms of₃ F ₂ and₃Φ₂ (basic) hypergeometric functions, respectively. We also give some partial results in the case of the associated continuousq-ultraspherical polynomials.     

Orthonormal polynomials in one and two dimensions: application to calibration problems in high energy physics

Calibration problems in high energy physics lead to ill-posed inverse problems. The numerical generation of special polynomials which are orthonormal over discrete point sets is described. Such polynomials, when used as a functional basis, allow to reach an optimum (unit) condition number. Results from computer codes which generate orthonormal polynomials in one and two independent variables are reported and their applications to specific calibration problems are discussed.     

Nonlinear degenerate elliptic equations and axially symmetric problems

We consider semilinear elliptic equations with a principal part degenerating on a boundary hyperplane. Weak existence, uniqueness and regularity of solutions are established by variational methods and by reduction to uniformly elliptic equations. An important application arises in the mathematical treatment of the rotating star problem in general relativity, where the axial symmetry admits the reduction of one of the Einstein equations to a problem of the above form on a meridian half plane. Received February 12, 1997 / Accepted May 15, 1997     

An approach to solving axially symmetric problems for spherical orthotropic bodies

A series expansion method is developed in which the small parameter is the deviation of the spherically orthotropic properties of deformable bodies from their transversally isotropic properties. The problem is reduced to a rigorous analytic solution of inhomogeneous boundary value problems. The efficiency of the approximation technique developed here and its practical convergence are examined in a centrally symmetric problem for an orthotropic sphere which permits an exact analytic solution. Institute of Mechanics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev. Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Prikladnaya Mekhanika, No. 29, pp. 17–24, 1999.     

Laplace and Segal-Bargmann transforms on Hermitian symmetric spaces and orthogonal polynomials

Let be a complex bounded symmetric domain of tube type in a complex Jordan algebra V and let be its real form in a formally real Euclidean Jordan algebra J⊂V; is a bounded realization of the symmetric cone in J. We consider representations of H that are gotten by the generalized Segal-Bargmann transform from a unitary G-space of holomorphic functions on to an L²-space on . We prove that in the unbounded realization the inverse of the unitary part of the restriction map is actually the Laplace transform. We find the extension to of the spherical functions on and find their expansion in terms of the L-spherical polynomials on , which are Jack symmetric polynomials. We prove that the coefficients are orthogonal polynomials in an L²-space, the measure being the Harish-Chandra Plancherel measure multiplied by the symbol of the Berezin transform. We prove the difference equation and recurrence relation for those polynomials by considering the action of the Lie algebra and the Cayley transform on the polynomials on . Finally, we use the Laplace transform to study generalized Laguerre functions on symmetric cones.     

Generalized potentials and their application in solving problems of mathematical physics

We introduce the concept of potential for bounded bodies. We construct the potentials for a two-dimensional semi-infinite region. We solve the problems of determining the nonsteady state temperature fields in a semi-infinite plate with a straight-line cut situated perpendicularly to the boundary of the region under boundary conditions of the first or second kind on the boundary of the region and the edges of the cut.Translated fromMatematicheskie Metody i Fiziko-Mekhanicheskie Polya, Issue 28, 1988, pp. 52–58.     

The symmetric D ω -semi-classical orthogonal polynomials of class one

We give the system of Laguerre–Freud equations associated with the D _ω -semi-classical functionals of class one, where D _ω is the divided difference operator. This system is solved in the symmetric case. There are essentially two canonical cases. The corresponding integral representations are given.     

Graphical solution of axially symmetric problems of plastic flow

Résumé Une méthode graphique de solution des problèmes dans le cas de symétrie axiale a été proposée pour des corps rigides, parfaitement plastiques, obéissants au critère d'écoulement de Coulomb-Tresca et à l'hypothèse du potentiel plastique. Deux cas ont été considérés: d'une part des régimes de Haar-Kármán pour lesquels la contrainte circonférencielle est égale à l'une des contraintes principales contenues dans le plan axial, et d'autre part des régimes duor lesquels l'une des vitesses de déformation principales dans le plan axial est nulle.     

Symmetric Fock space and orthogonal symmetric polynomials associated with the Calogero model

Using a similarity transformation that maps the Calogero model into N decoupled quantum harmonic oscillators, we construct a set of mutually commuting conserved operators of the model and their simultaneous eigenfunctions.The simultaneous eigenfunction is a deformation of the symmetrized number state (bosonic state) and forms an orthogonal basis of the Hilbert (Fock) space of the model. This orthogonal basis is different from the known one that is a variant of the Jack polynomial, i.e., the Hi-Jack polynomial. This fact shows that the conserved operators derived by the similarity transformation and those derived by the Dunkl operator formulation do not commute. Thus we conclude that the Calogero model has two, algebraically inequivalent sets of mutually commuting conserved operators, as is the case with the hydrogen atom. We also confirm the same story for the B_N-Calogero model.     

ON THE MODIFICATIONS OF CLASSICAL ORTHOGONAL POLYNOMIALS: THE SYMMETRIC CASE

We consider the modifications of the monic Hermite and Gegenbauer polynomials via the addition of one point mass at the origin. Some properties of the resulting polynomials are studied ; three-term recurrence relation, differential equation, ratio asymptotics, hypergeometric representation as well as, for large n, the behaviour of their zeros.     

A basic class of symmetric orthogonal polynomials using the extended Sturm-Liouville theorem for symmetric functions

In this research, by applying the extended Sturm-Liouville theorem for symmetric functions, a basic class of symmetric orthogonal polynomials (BCSOP) with four free parameters is introduced and all its standard properties, such as a generic second order differential equation along with its explicit polynomial solution, a generic orthogonality relation, a generic three term recurrence relation and so on, are presented. Then, it is shown that four main sequences of symmetric orthogonal polynomials can essentially be extracted from the introduced class. They are respectively the generalized ultraspherical polynomials, generalized Hermite polynomials and two other sequences of symmetric polynomials, which are finitely orthogonal on (−∞,∞) and can be expressed in terms of the mentioned class directly. In this way, two half-trigonometric sequences of orthogonal polynomials, as special sub-cases of BCSOP, are also introduced.     

A new presentation of orthogonal polynomials with applications to their computation

In this paper a new presentation of orthogonal polynomials is given. It is based on the introduction of two auxiliary sequences of arbitrary monic polynomials and it leads to a very simple derivation of the usual determinantal formulae for orthogonal polynomials and of their recurrence relations either in the definite or in the indefinite case. New expressions for the coefficients of these recurrence relations are obtained and they are compared to the usual ones from the point of view of their numerical stability. The qd-algorithm is also recovered very easily.     

Constrained energy problems with applications to orthogonal polynomials of a discrete variable

Given a positive measure Σ with gs > 1, we write Με ℳ^Σ if Μ is a probability measure and Σ—Μ is a positive measure. Under some general assumptions on the constraining measure Σ and a weight functionw, we prove existence and uniqueness of a measure λ^Σ _w that minimizes the weighted logarithmic energy over the class ℳ^Σ. We also obtain a characterization theorem, a saturation result and a balayage representation for the measure λ^Σ _w As applications of our results, we determine the (normalized) limiting zero distribution for ray sequences of a class of orthogonal polynomials of a discrete variable. Explicit results are given for the class of Krawtchouk polynomials. The research done by this author is in partial fulfillment of the Ph.D. requirements at the University of South Florida. The research done by this author was supported, in part, by U.S. National Science Foundation under grant DMS-9501130.