87例逆行胰胆管造影失败原因分析

总结分析了87例逆行胰胆管造影检查失败原因，其中解剖走形异常、溃疡及炎性狭窄或出血、食道静脉曲线失败25例；乳头位位置异常、乳头充血、肿胀或增生样改变及十二指肠憩室缘内乳头而失败45例；毕氏Ⅱ式术后胃检查失败2例；护理因素、病人不合作或不能忍受失败5例。结合有关文献，探讨了逆行胰胆管造影检查术失败的原因及提高成功率的方法及注意事项，以提高检查成功率。     

亚健康问题与防治的研究

通过对亚健康、人体健康与疾病间的关系研究，以探讨亚健康产生的实质原因，首先从理论上阐述了其产生的机现及有关亚健康的表征与测断见解，同时提出从人体内微量元素的变化，揭示亚健康的信息以及防治亚健康的措施办法。     

光度分析示值不稳的原因及判断

提出了判断产生光度分析示值不稳故障的系统判断法和直接判断法，系统地论述了产生的原因及其判断的方法，对仪器检修和分析人员排除此类故障及某些其它故障具有指导作用。     

人工栽培灵芝的不同部位有机锗含量分析

选用回流下酸消化，分光光度比色法，对不同生长期的人工栽培灵芝的不同部位有机锗含量进行了分析，对分析方法的影响因素进行了探讨，取得了满意的结果。     

环番作为人工受体和人工酶的研究进展

本文综述了水溶液和有机溶液中环番作为人工受体包结有机分子的行为,重点综述了功能化环番作为人工酶的研究进展。     

387例病残儿死亡原因分析

为探讨病残儿死亡原因,提出干预措施,对1992—2005年在本院死亡的387例病残儿病例进行了回顾性分析。结果表明,入住本院的病残儿主要死亡原因前三位分别是出生缺陷、脑瘫和感染性疾病,死亡年龄以3岁以下病残儿为主,占87.59%。提示加强优生优育的健康教育,注意孕妇孕期和围产期保健,减少出生缺陷和脑瘫的发生率,是降低病残儿死亡率的关键。     

新型氨基甲酸乙酯人工抗原的分析表征方法研究

采用1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺方法合成氨基甲酸乙酯(Ethyl carbamate,EC)新型人工抗原.将衰减全反射红外光谱法(ATR-FTIR)应用于人工合成抗原的表征分析,并结合荧光光谱分析EC人工抗原的偶联效果以及载体蛋白质分子的二级结构变化;通过质谱结合紫外光谱、电泳方法进行人工抗原的系统表征,计算新型人工抗原中半抗原分子与载体蛋白质分子的偶联比.结果表明:合成路线合理,成功获得了氨基甲酸乙酯新型人工抗原.人工抗原分子的α-螺旋、β-折叠和β-转角结构与载体蛋白质分子相比含量发生变化,人工抗原的荧光相图满足线性型态变迁关系,符合“二态模型”.氨基甲酸乙酯人工抗原分析表征的红外衰减全反射方法、基质辅助激光解析飞行时间质谱法获得的检测结果与其它光谱方法、电泳方法表征结果一致,获得人工抗原的偶联比为15∶1～19∶1,EC新型人工抗原免疫小鼠抗血清的效价为1∶25600.     

半抗原的设计、修饰及人工抗原的制备

制备具有良好免疫原性的人工抗原是建立测定小分子化合物的免疫分析方法的最关键步骤.本文对半抗原的设计、修饰(修饰位点的选择、修饰物的制备、连接臂的选择)、载体的选择、半抗原与载体的偶联(偶联方式、偶联条件、最佳偶联率)、人工抗原的纯化与鉴定等方面作了详细的介绍.     

人工光合作用

光合作用将太阳能储存在化学反应中,是绿色高效的能量转换途径。模拟自然光合作用系统活性中心的结构和功能,实现小分子物质(H₂O、CO₂、N₂等)中惰性化学键的活化转化,对于解决能源和环境等问题具有重要意义。本文综述了人工光合作用在水分解、二氧化碳及氮气还原领域取得的重要进展,分析了相关光化学转换体系的设计思路和工作原理,并对人工光合作用面临的挑战和未来发展方向进行讨论。     

Afterglow Implant for Arterial Embolization and Intraoperative Imaging

Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is wildly used in clinical treatments. However, the online monitoring of the thrombosis formation is limited due to the challenges of the direct visualization of embolic agents and the real-time monitoring of dynamic blood flow. Thus, we developed a photochemical afterglow implant with strong afterglow intensity and a long lifetime for embolization and imaging. The liquid pre-implant injected into the abdominal aorta of mice was rapidly transformed into a hydrogel in situ to embolize the blood vessel. The vascular embolism position can be observed by the enhanced afterglow of the fixed implant, and the long lifetime of afterglow can also be used to monitor the effect of embolization. This provides an excellent candidate in bio-imaging to avoid the autofluorescence interference from continuous light excitation. The study suggests the potential usefulness of the implant as an embolic agent in TAE and artery imaging during a surgical procedure.     

Bioinspired Multi-Layer Biopolymer-Based Dental Implant Coating for Enhanced Osseointegration

The major drawbacks of metal-based implants are weak osseointegration and post-operational infections. These limitations restrict the long-term use of implants that may cause severe tissue damage and replacement of the implant. Recent strategies to enhance the osseointegration process require an elaborate fabrication process and suffer from post-operative complications. To address the current challenges taking inspiration from the extracellular matrix (ECM), the current study is designed to establish enhanced osseointegration with lowered risk of infection. Natural biopolymer pectin, peptide amphiphiles, and enzyme-mimicking fullerene moieties are governed to present an ECM-like environment around the implant surfaces. This multifunctional approach promotes osseointegration via inducing biomineralization and osteoblast differentiation. Application of the biopolymer-based composite to the metal surfaces significantly enhances cellular attachment, supports the mineral deposition, and upregulates osteoblast-specific gene expression. In addition to the osteoinductive properties of the constructed layers, the inherent antimicrobial properties of multilayer coating are also used to prevent infection possibility. The reported biopolymer-artificial enzyme composite demonstrates antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis as a multifunctional surface coating.     

IntelliDrug Implant for Medicine Delivery in Alzheimer's Disease Treatment

Summary : IntelliDrug it is a denture implant containing a reservoir with drug and making enable a galantamine transport via buccal mucosa by means of iontophoresis. The in vitro experimental studies on drug passive and iontophoretic transport through porcine buccal mucosa were carrying out in horizontal two-chamber permeation cell with silver electrodes. The drug mass flux was investigated. The influences of initial drug concentration and current density for transport velocity were defined.     

防龋健齿口胶中微量氟的测定

采用氧瓶燃烧法，利用氟离子选择电极测定了茶叶及防龋健齿口胶中氟离子的含量，并做了回收率实验，实验证明，本法准确度高，回收率好，简便易行。     

Evidence of Noncentrosymmetry of Human Tooth Hydroxyapatite Crystals

Herein, we investigate human single hydroxyapatite crystals (enamel and dentine) by convergent‐beam electron diffraction (CBED) and automated electron‐diffraction tomography (ADT). The CBED pattern shows the absence of the mirror plane perpendicular to the c axis leading to the P6₃ space group instead of the P6₃/m space group considered for larger‐scale crystals, this is confirmed by ADT. This experimental evidence is of prime importance for understanding the morphogenesis and the architectural organization of calcified tissues.     

一种长链叔胺pH敏感抗菌牙体修复材料的合成与抗菌性能

口腔粘结剂常被用于粘结复合树脂和牙本质或牙釉质,但由于残留细菌会导致继发龋病从而使得粘结剂修复体不能提供长期疗效,目前市场上使用的粘结剂均无法避免细菌滋生。本文采用两步法合成了一种甲基丙烯酸酯基封端的长链叔胺,通过柱层析进行纯化,其结构经¹H NMR和FT-IR表征,并对其抗菌性能进行了研究。结果表明：该材料可通过质子化作用提升口腔pH值抑制细菌滋生。     

Permeability of Human Tooth Surfaces Studied In Vitro by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

Electrochemical Faradaic impedance spectroscopy was applied to evaluate dependence of the electrical resistance on human teeth. The experiments were performed using iodide anions as a redox probe to model permeability of teeth for fluoride upon an iontophoresis process. Tooth molars were used – as these are teeth most affected by tooth decay processes in vivo. Teeth compared included sound molars – with no evidence of pit and fissure decay, teeth with pits and fissures regarded ‘clinically’ as showing signs of decay, and teeth with crowns removed to present exposed dentin surfaces. A difference of more than an order of magnitude in electrical resistance was observed between sound molars and those regarded as showing evidence of tooth decay processes. Sound dentin, as expected from structural considerations demonstrated significantly lower resistance when compared to sound molars. Importantly, the difference in tooth resistance measured between carious and sound molars was shown to be much more representative of their structural integrity than comparison of digitally processed images of the teeth. The results support the utility of electrochemical Faradaic impedance spectroscopy for the development of understanding on how tooth electrical resistance may vary according to structural changes. This understanding may be useful to continued refinements in the use of electrical resistance measures as caries diagnostics and support generically the potential for iontophoretic processes in in‐office fluoride treatments of teeth.     

门诊药房发生差错的原因及应对措施

为探讨门诊药房发生差错的原因及应对措施,结合作者多年的工作实践,对以往发生差错的类型及原因进行了分析总结。结果表明,发生差错的原因与医生的处方错误、药师的把关不严及审方不够细心密切相关。提示:严格执行审方制度及计算机网络管理、提高药师的专业素质水平是防止差错的关键所在。     

高效毛细管电泳－安培检测法测定牙膏中丙三醇和山梨醇

用高效毛细管电泳－安培检测装置，以２００μｍ铜圆盘电极为工作电极，在碱性介质中，建立了分离测定丙三醇和山梨醇的最佳实验条件。结果表明：平均理论塔板数为２．４×１０５／ｍ，丙三醇和山梨醇的浓度检测限分别为３００μｇ／Ｌ和２００μｇ／Ｌ，线性范围接近３个数量级。在５．００～５０．０ｍｇ／Ｌ内，丙三醇和山梨醇的相关系数分别为０．９９９７和０．９９９５。样品测定结果与用高效液相色谱法测定的结果基本一致，回收率在９２％～１０４％之间     

电极反应式书写混乱原因及对策

电极反应式的书写是高中学生学习化学的一个很大障碍点,由于很多学生所接受到的关于电极反应式书写的信息比较混乱,因此,在书写电极反应式时感到无所适从。本文分析了混乱产生的原因,并依据原因提出了相应的解决对策和建议,期望对教师的教学和学生的学习起到帮助作用。