共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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本文研究了以正丁基锂为引发剂,四氢呋喃为添加剂,环己烷为溶剂中的α-甲基苯乙烯阴离子平衡聚合动力学。讨论了体系中的反应活性种;提出了聚合机理;得到了聚合温度为20℃时的平衡单体浓度与活性种速率常数及添加剂浓度之间的关系式。 相似文献
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正丁基锂、四氢呋喃引发的丁苯共聚合(Ⅱ)——动力学及活性种的反应性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文提出了n·BuLi-THF引发的阴离子丁苯共聚体系中诸活性种之间的平衡及增长图式,导出了共聚组成方程,讨论了单体的表观竞聚率的含义。此外,还建立了表观增长速度常数kB和kS与[THF]的关系式,估算出一络合活性种对形成聚丁二烯链节中乙烯基结构的几率。 相似文献
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对氧和正丁基锂引发的阴离子活性聚合物反应的研究发展,反应产物中有基础分子量两倍的大分子物,而且大分子产物的含量与正丁基锂用量成正向关系,提出了可能的反应机理。 相似文献
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采用苯氧铜/正丁基锂(PhOCu/n-BuLi)体系引发MMA聚合, 通过GPC, 1H NMR对聚合物进行了表征. 实验结果表明, 该体系聚合反应速度较快, 温度、引发体系组成是影响聚合物分子量及其分布、单体转化率、引发剂引发效率、聚合物的立构规整性的主要因素; -40 ℃时分子量分布比较窄, 但引发效率也比较低(大约15%). 低引发效率、宽分子量分布与引发剂的聚集状态有关. 分子量与单体浓度、引发剂浓度的关系说明, 该体系具有一定程度的活性聚合特点. 相似文献
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丁二烯/甲苯/叔丁氧基钾-正丁基锂体系聚合反应的研究 Ⅱ.反应动力学 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文以叔丁氧基钾-正丁基锂作引发剂,甲苯作溶剂,在无极性添加剂及添加极性试剂二种情况下,研究了丁二烯阴离子聚合反应速率若干因素。在K/Li=1.1,A/Li=0,温度为0℃情况下,引发剂浓度与聚合反应速率R_p呈一级关系,表观增长速率常数k_(ap)不随引发剂浓度的增大而改变;在K/Li=0.5和1.1,A/Li=0,k′=2/100条件下,k_(ap)相差较大,但表观增长活化能E_(ap)均为45.2kJ/mol;K/Li<1.0时,Rp随K/Li增加不断增加,K/Li>1.0后,Rp逐步趋向不变。体系中添加极性给电子试剂,能够极大地提高聚合反应速率。 相似文献
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丁二烯/甲苯/叔丁氧基钾-正丁基锂体系聚合反应的研究 Ⅲ.链转移 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文以叔丁氧基钾-正丁基锂作引发剂,甲苯作溶剂及链转移剂,研究了丁二烯阴离子链转移反应若干影响因素。含不同反离子引发剂的聚合体系中,向甲苯的链转移常数C_(?)分别为:C_(?)(Li)=0.11×10~(-3),C_(?)(Na)=0.40×10~(-3),C_s(K)=1.43×10~(3-)(K/Li=1.1),C_(?)(K)=1.26×10~(-3)(K/Li=0.5)。温度每升高10℃,增长速率常数增加1.7倍左右,而转移速率常数则增大2.1倍,表观转移活化能为62.8kJ/mol。随着K/Li的增大,链转移常数相应增大,当K/Li从0增加到0.5时,C_(?)增大约10倍,当K/Li从0.5增加到1.1时,C_s的变化很小。体系中可能存在向单体的链转移反应。 相似文献
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The polymerization rate of butadiene in toluene initiated by n-butyllithium and tetramethyl ethy-lene diamine as well as the micro-structure and degree of association of polybutadiene were deter-mined. The effect of TMEDA/n-BuLi (abbr. A/Li) and temperature on the polymerization rate,molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and structure of polybutadiene was investigated. Ac-tivation energy of the propagation reaction and chain transfer reaction, together with the chain trans-fer reaction rate constant were estimated. Kinetic parameters and contribution of different reactivespecies to polymerization rate were calculated by Nonlinear Least-Squares Method. A kinetic equa-tion was proposed. The mechanism of anionic chain transfer reaction was discussed. 相似文献
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The molecular weight of polytetramethylene glycol (PTMG) prepared from tetrahydrofu-ran (THF) by using cocatalysts of BF3-etherate and epichlorohydrin (ECH) in the presence of butylene glycol(BG) increased sharply with the polymer conversion, but at yields higher than 80% but could be exactly controlled by the molar ratio of BG to BF3. The polyether obtained possessed around 70 mol% primaly hydrcxyl end-groups and a hydroxyl end-group functionality of two. The content of ECH derived units in each polymer chain containing 18.2 or 33.8THF derived units is around 1.60 or 2.16 respectively. 相似文献
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The yield of copolymerization of tetrahydrofuran and propylene oxide (THF:PO=100:5—15, by wt.) using a binary catalyst of fuming sulfuric acid (21% or 28%) and perchloric acid is around 50—60%, and the loss of THF in the reaction is below 10—15%. The average molecular weight of the product can be controlled in the range of 1000—2000 by varying the binary catalyst system. The present method, which is different from the usual copolymerization initiated by BF_3-diol or SbCl_5-diol system, shows the pecularities i.e. the yield of copolymerization with the low PO feed is not decreased, the hydroxyl functionality is equal to 2, and the end-groups are predominantly primary hydroxyls (around 65—70%). 相似文献
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Anionic polymerization of methyl methacrylate(MMA),n-butyl methacrylate(nBMA)and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)initiated by nBuCu(NCy_2)Li(1)in tetrahydrofuran(THF)at-50℃to-10℃was investigated.It was found that the polymerization of MMA and nBMA initiated by 1 proceeded quantitatively in THF to afford PMMA and PBMA with polydispersity index 1.15-1.30 and nearly 100%initiator efficiencies at-10℃.The molecular weights increased linearly with the ratio of[monomer]/[1].However,a post-polymerization experiment c... 相似文献
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本文以粘度法研究在苯溶剂中,ε-己内酯负离子开环聚合过程,增长链活性种烷氧基锂(—O~-Li~+)的缔合,发现己内酯活性种的缔合和一般非极性单体不同,前者在聚合过程中(单体消耗完以前)并不发生缔合。在单体消耗完以后,聚己内酯活性种才确实以缔合体的形式存在。这是由于内酯本身贡献了强的溶剂化作用。 相似文献