(S)-(4-溴-2-甲苯)(3-甲基吗啉)甲酮的合成

以(S)-2-氨基丙醇和氯乙酰氯为起始原料,经酰化和环合反应制得(S)-5-甲基吗啉-3-酮（4）; 4经还原制得(S)-3-甲基吗啉(5); 5与4-溴-2-甲基苯甲酸酰化缩合合成了(S)-(4-溴2-甲基苯基)(3-甲基吗啉)-甲酮,总收率57%,其结构经¹H NMR 和 ¹³C NMR确证。     

PAR-1拮抗剂E5555的全合成

以3-氟邻苯二酚和邻叔丁基苯酚为原料,经14步反应完全PAR-1拮抗剂--1-(3-叔丁基-5-吗啉4-甲氧基苯基)-2-(5,6-二乙氧基.7-氟-1-亚胺二氢异吲哚)乙酮氢溴酸盐(E5555)的全合成,总产率27.2%,其结构经<'1>H NMR确证.     

新型氮蒽酮类似物的合成

以2-氯苯甲酸和1-氨基萘为原料制备了7-氯苯并吖啶(3);3分别与吗啉,N-甲基哌嗪,金刚烷胺,2,4-二甲基-6-巯基咪唑,N,N-二甲基乙二胺和5-氨基-3-巯基-1,2,4-三氮唑反应,合成了6个新型的氮蒽酮类似物,其结构经1H NMR和IR表征。     

青蒿砜—氨基二硫代甲酸酯类化合物的合成

以双氢青蒿素(DHA)为原料,与草酰氯发生酰化反应,然后经硫代吗啉取代反应、双氧水氧化反应得到青蒿砜1,由1经过烷基化反应、脱硅保护基和碘代反应得到青蒿砜-碘代物2α;以三乙胺为催化剂,2α与哌嗪类化合物、CS_2在"一锅煮"条件下得到青蒿砜-氨基二硫代甲酸酯化合物(3a~3d)。所有目标化合物的结构均经~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR、IR和HR-ESI-MS得到确证。     

新型含均三氮唑Schiff碱吡唑基Mannich碱的合成

以N-(1-苯基-3-甲基-5-氯)吡唑甲酰肼基二硫代甲酸钾和水合肼为起始原料,经闭环反应制得4-氨基-5-(1-苯基-3-甲基-5-氯吡唑)-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮(2);2与对溴苯甲醛经缩合反应得4-(4-溴苯次甲亚胺)-5-(1-苯基-3-甲基-5-氯吡唑)-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮(3);以乙醇为溶剂,3在甲醛溶液中与吗啉于75℃反应4 h合成了新化合物——2-(吗啉亚甲基)-4-(4-溴苯次甲亚胺)-5-(1-苯基-3-甲基-5-氯吡唑)-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮,总收率37%,其结构经1H NMR,IR和元素分析表征。     

3",3"-二甲基吡喃[3',4']2,4,2'-三羟基查尔酮的首次全合成

以2,4---羟基苯乙酮和2,4-二羟基苯甲醛为起始原料,经过C-异戊烯基化、保护酚羟基、羟醛缩合、去保护基反应首次成功地完成了天然产物3",3"-二甲基吡喃[3’,4’]2,4,2’-三羟基查尔酮的全合成,总产率18.4％,其结构经1H NMR,IR和MS表征.中间体8未见文献报道.     

吗啉-2,5-二酮衍生物及其聚合物的研究进展

吗啉-2,5-二酮衍生物是一类制备可生物降解材料的环状单体,本文综述了吗啉-2,5-二酮衍生物及其聚合物的合成方法,以及其在生物医用领域的应用前景。首先介绍了吗啉-2,5-二酮衍生物的三种合成方法,以及采用吗啉-2,5-二酮衍生物均聚反应制备聚缩肽的方法,其次介绍了吗啉-2,5-二酮衍生物与ε-己内酯和丙交酯开环共聚制备基于氨基酸的共聚物。最后,总结了吗啉-2,5-二酮衍生物嵌段共聚物的制备,及其在药物释放和基因载体应用研究中的最新进展。     

新型3-吗啉-3-四取代氧化吲哚的合成

以3-卤氧化吲哚和吗啉(或硫代吗啉)为起始原料,碳酸钠为催化剂,于60℃发生3-叔胺基化反应,合成了10个新型的3-吗啉四取代氧化吲哚(3aa~3bh),收率86%~94%,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和HR-MS(ESI-TOF)表征。     

新型含2,4-二氯苯基-1,2,4-三唑Schiff碱Mannich碱衍生物的合成及生物活性

3-巯基-4-氨基-5-(2,4-二氯)苯基-1,2,4-三唑与取代苯甲醛经缩合反应制得中间体4-(取代苯次甲亚胺基)-5-(2,4-二氯苯基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮(3a~3d);3a~3d在甲醛溶液中分别与吗啉于75℃反应4 h合成了4个新型的含2,4-二氯苯基均三氮唑Schiff碱Mannich碱衍生物——4-(取代苯甲亚胺基)-5-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-(吗啉亚甲基)-2H-1,2,4-三唑-3-硫酮,收率69%~81%,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR及元素分析表征。初步生物活性测试结果表明:部分目标化合物在用药量为100 mg·L-1时对黄瓜霜霉病的抑制率达100%。     

新型多氧取代环己烯酮的合成

以莽草酸为起始原料,经酯化、丙酮叉保护顺式邻二羟基、叔丁基二甲硅烷保护羟基、还原、羟基酯化、脱保护基、保护反式邻二羟基、烯丙醇氧化,脱保护基共9步反应,合成了新型(5R,6S)-3-苯甲酰氧基亚甲基-5,6-二羟基-2-环己烯-1-酮,总产率19.3％,其结构经1H NMR,IR和HR-MS表征.     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.