结晶紫在纳米磷化镓粉体表面吸附的表面增强拉曼光谱分析

利用Raman光谱对结晶紫(Crystal Violet,CV)在纳米磷化镓(GaP)粉体表面的吸附状态进行了分析.结果表明:与普通拉曼散射谱(Normal Raman Scattering,NRS)相比,结晶紫表面增强拉曼散射(Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering,SERS)谱的4种振动模式,即:中央键的呼吸振动、环-C -环面外弯曲振动、环C-H面外弯曲振动以及N-环伸缩振动,在纳米GaP粉体表面得到增强;通过分析吸附前后结晶紫拉曼散射峰相对强度的变化,确定了结晶紫在纳米GaP粉体表面的吸附取向,并对其表面增强散射机理进行了探讨.     

碱性品红分子在纳米磷化镓粒子表面的吸附取向(英文)

利用表面增强拉曼光谱,初步确定了吸附于纳米磷化镓(GaP)粉体表面的碱性品红分子的取向。在295K时,将50 mg GaP粉体分别置于50 ml,4.7×10-3M和50 ml,4.74×10-6M碱性品红水溶液中。对由较高浓度溶液形成的吸附系统持续搅拌24小时;而对极稀溶液吸附系统则连续搅拌处理7天。在经过过滤、干燥处理后,吸附有染料分子的GaP粉体被直接用于碱性品红的表面拉曼光谱测试。通过对染料分子中央碳原子呼吸振动和氮-苯环伸缩振动模式的相对强度进行分析可知:在较高浓度的溶液中,染料分子主要以一种混合取向方式吸附于GaP粉体表面上,即“端基接触”和“平躺”两种方式;而在极稀溶液中,染料分子则仅以“端基接触”方式吸附于GaP粉体表面上。     

吴茱萸生物总碱的TLC-SERS研究

报道了将薄层色谱(TLC)与傅里叶变换表面增强拉曼散射(FT-SERS) 联用, 获得了中草药吴茱萸中六种生物碱分子光谱研究的新方法。薄层色谱将微克级吴茱萸生物总碱中吴茱萸碱(Evodiamine)、吴茱萸次碱(Rutaecarpine)、羟基吴茱萸碱(Hydroxyevodiamine)、吴茱萸酰胺(Evodiamide)、二氢吴茱萸次碱(Dihydrorutaecarpine)和1,4-甲酰基二氢吴茱萸次碱(1,4-formyldihydrorutaecarpine)六种生物碱完全分离,应用薄层原位的傅里叶变换表面增强拉曼散射(TLC-FT-SERS) 技术, 获得吴茱萸生物碱分子的特征振动谱带, 进而阐述了样品分子在银胶表面的吸附模式。五种吴茱萸生物碱分子以π电子与银晶体微粒相互作用,呈平面吸附;吴茱萸次碱以N原子的n电子与银晶体微粒作用。在薄层色谱原位,可明显观察到六种生物碱FT-SERS的光谱主要特征峰位。各生物碱分子拉曼散射获最大增强的是波数为1 600 cm-1表征苯环环伸缩振动的谱带;羟基吴茱萸碱谱图中可观察到波数为1 342 cm-1羟基变形振动谱带,明显区别于其他生物碱。采用此方法,不用标准品即获得六种生物碱的指纹光谱。研究结果表明了TLC-FT-SERS对中草药化学成分进行高灵敏度示踪指纹检测的可靠性和优越性。     

钩藤中异钩藤碱在TLC原位的FT-SERS研究

本文报道了将薄层色谱（TLC）与傅里叶变换表面增强拉曼散射（FT－SERS）联用，获得了中草药钩藤中的异钩藤碱光谱研究的新方法。研究表明，在薄层原位，2.5μg钩藤总碱可将异钩藤碱等8种生物碱完全分离。应用薄层原位的薄层色谱傅里叶变换表面增强拉曼散射（TLC－FT－SERS）技术，获得异钩藤碱分子的特征振动谱带，进而阐述了样品分子在银胶表面的吸附模式，异钩藤碱以分子中氧化吲哚基团上N原子的孤子电子对和吲哚环π电子共同吸附于银晶体微粒表面,1.615cm^-1与芳环骨架振动和氧化吲哚N－H变形振动相关的峰获得最大增强。说明TLC－FT－SERS对中草药化学成分进行高灵敏度示踪指纹检测的可靠性和优越性。     

基于L-Cys@Ag分析吲哚美辛的表面增强拉曼光谱

联合紫外、拉曼光谱及其在L-半胱氨酸/银传感器(L-Cys@Ag)的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)光谱表征吲哚美辛, 并与固体吲哚美辛的常规拉曼光谱(NRS)进行对比, 发现L-Cys@Ag对吲哚美辛有明显拉曼信号放大, 但其特征峰几乎不产生位移。研究不同酸碱环境下, L-Cys@Ag的吸附模型, 分析吲哚美辛在L-Cys@Ag上的拉曼光谱和SERS光谱, 归属拉曼特征峰。结果显示, L-半胱氨酸与银主要以Ag-S键的方式形成稳定吸附, 但是中性和碱性条件时-COO-也会吸附到银表面。结果表明: 半胱氨酸中的氨基与吲哚美辛中的羧基氧、苯环中的π电子发生吸附, 整体能量下降, 使结构更加稳定。加入牛血清白蛋白(BSA)后, pH为5时, SERS强度明显减弱。在pH为7和9时, N-H伸缩振动和酰胺Ⅱ振动明显增强, 吲哚美辛的苯环和吲哚环的特征峰振动消失。其原因是吲哚美辛的苯环和吲哚环进攻BSA后, 吲哚美辛特征振动消失, 但是吲哚美辛中的氮, 羰基与BSA中氨基吸附, 使得C-N和-COO-的SERS信号稳定。这为将来吲哚美辛以及相关非淄体消炎药的改良和新药的研究提供了可靠的鉴别和分析方法。     

不同晶粒尺寸SnO2纳米粒子的拉曼光谱研究

对晶粒尺寸在4—80nm范围的纯SnO₂纳米颗粒进行了拉曼散射研究.除了SnO₂本征拉曼振动峰外，还有几个新的拉曼振动峰和波长在700nm左右的一个发光很强而且峰宽很大的荧光峰被观察到.结果所示，当纳米颗粒尺寸减小时，纳米SnO₂颗粒的体相 特征拉曼峰变弱，而由缺陷，表面和颗粒尺寸引起的相关效应呈强势.晶粒尺寸在20nm左右是引起体相拉曼光谱变化的临界尺寸.晶粒尺寸在20nm以下，其体相拉曼峰的发生宽化和峰位移动，以及分别出现在位于571cm^-1 的表面振动峰，位于351cm-1 处的界面峰和与表面吸附水分子及氢氧基团的N系列拉曼峰是纳米SnO颗粒的主要特征.这些结果反映了纳米颗粒的微结构变化与颗粒尺寸和表面效应以及它们之间相互作用的信息. 关键词： ２')" href="#">纳米SnO_２ 拉曼光谱 荧光光谱 水分子的吸附     

表面增强拉曼光谱和电化学方法研究中性条件下咪唑对镍电极的缓蚀作用

利用表面增强拉曼光谱技术(SERS)研究了咪唑在镍电极表面的吸附机理和吸附方式,并分别比较了镍电极在加入咪唑前后溶液中的循环伏安曲线和极化曲线,计算了其缓蚀效率。结果表明,在镍电极表面,咪唑起到了较好的缓蚀效果;在研究电位区间内所得的SERS谱图中,面内振动峰占据了主导地位,咪唑是以垂直略带倾斜的方式吸附在镍电极表面的;而N—H面内弯曲振动峰(1 173 cm-1)的出现和pH值接近中性的研究体系证明了咪唑是以中性咪唑分子的形式存在;低波数区N—Ni伸缩振动峰(214 cm-1)的出现进一步验证了咪唑通过N原子与镍电极表面略带倾斜的吸附方式。     

不同晶粒尺寸SnO2纳米粒子的拉曼光谱研究

对晶粒尺寸在4-80 nm范围的纯SnO2纳米颗粒进行了拉曼散射研究.除了SnO2 本征拉曼振动峰外,还有几个新的拉曼振动峰和波长在700 nm左右的一个发光很强而且峰宽很大的荧光峰被观察到.结果所示,当纳米颗粒尺寸减小时,纳米SnO2 颗粒的体相特征拉曼峰变弱,而由缺陷,表面和颗粒尺寸引起的相关效应呈强势.晶粒尺寸在20 nm左右是引起体相拉曼光谱变化的临界尺寸. 晶粒尺寸在20 nm以下,其体相拉曼峰的发生宽化和峰位移动, 以及分别出现在位于571 cm-1 的表面振动峰,位于351 cm-1 处的界面峰和与表面吸附水分子及氢氧基团的N系列拉曼峰是纳米SnO颗粒的主要特征.这些结果反映了纳米颗粒的微结构变化与颗粒尺寸和表面效应以及它们之间相互作用的信息.     

氟虫氰表面增强拉曼光谱的密度泛函理论研究（英文）

2017年8月初,荷兰发现大范围鸡蛋受杀虫剂氟虫腈污染。用拉曼光谱检测的方法对解决氟虫腈检测问题做了一定的探索。为了获得氟虫腈分子的分子结构振动信息,根据密度泛函理论中的B3LYP杂化泛函和6-311G++(d,p)基组,对氟虫腈分子进行了几何结构优化和频率计算,得到了该分子的稳定构型和全部振动模式,计算了氟虫腈分子稳定构型的拉曼散射光谱。利用HORIBA公司的T64000型光栅共聚焦显微拉曼光谱仪采集了FP的拉曼光谱并配合使用Ag/Cu纳米基底采集了表面增强拉曼光谱,较强峰出现在211,308,350,867,1323和1432 cm-1处,次强峰出现在254,407,443,463,511,607,646,712,800,1065和1639 cm-1处。结果表明,理论计算得到的振动频率与实验测量值在全部较强峰处和部分次强峰处吻合的较好。并对FP分子200~2000 cm-1区间内各频率谱线对应的振动模式进行了归属指认,6个较强峰依由小到大的次序分别指认为21H-22H蜷曲振动,10F-11F变形振动和21H-22H面外摇摆振动,15N-22H蜷曲振动,6C伸缩振动和21H面内弯曲振动,苯环呼吸振动和9C伸缩振动,7H-8H面内弯曲振动。发现表面增强拉曼光谱相对于拉曼光谱整体有微小的频移,两者整体吻合较好,表面增强拉曼光谱中211,867,1400和1432 cm-1处的峰得到了选择性增强,根据表面增强拉曼光谱的选择定则,解释为相关振动峰的原子与银衬底表面或许为接近垂直的状态,并可能与银表面吸附。下一步计划将氟虫腈混入鸡蛋中,对氟虫腈在鸡蛋中不同浓度情况下进行指认研究。研究结果可为氟虫腈的拉曼光谱分析提供理论依据,将促进食品和农产品中氟虫腈残留的快速检测和在线检测研究。将拉曼光谱作为对传统化学检测方法的补充。     

基于密度泛函的伪麻黄碱拉曼光谱性质研究

研究伪麻黄碱的拉曼光谱和吸附在纳米银基底上的表面增强拉曼光谱(SERS),利用密度泛函理论B3LYP/6-311G++(d, p)方法对伪麻黄碱分子进行了计算,得到了分子构型信息和理论拉曼光谱,用Gaussview软件对分子振动模式进行了全面的归属,在伪麻黄碱的表面增强拉曼光谱中,采用了自组装方法获得了团簇银纳米表面增强基底,实现了很好的增强效应.实验结果表明：伪麻黄碱的拉曼光谱计算结果和实验结果基本一致,理论计算为伪麻黄碱分子振动峰位的归属提供了重要的依据,伪麻黄碱分子与银纳米表面化学吸附,苯环垂直于纳米基底表面,研究结果为伪麻黄碱的拉曼光谱检验分析提供了理论依据,也为苯丙胺类毒品的光谱分析研究提供了参考.     

FT‐IR,FT‐Raman,SERS spectra and computational calculations of 4‐ethyl‐N‐(2′‐hydroxy‐5′‐nitrophenyl)benzamide

Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) and FT‐Raman spectra of 4‐ethyl‐N‐(2′‐hydroxy‐5′‐nitrophenyl)benzamide were recorded and analyzed. A surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectrum was recorded in silver colloid. The vibrational wavenumbers and corresponding vibrational assignments were examined theoretically using the Gaussian03 set of quantum chemistry codes. The red shift of the NH stretching wavenumber in the infrared spectrum from the computational wavenumber indicates the weakening of the NH bond resulting in proton transfer to the neighboring oxygen atom. The simultaneous IR and Raman activation of the CO stretching mode gives the charge transfer interaction through a π‐conjugated path. The presence of methyl modes in the SERS spectrum indicates the nearness of the methyl group to the metal surface, which affects the orientation and metal molecule interaction. The first hyperpolarizability and predicted infrared intensities are reported. The calculated first hyperpolarizability is comparable with the reported values of similar derivatives and is an attractive subject for future studies of nonlinear optics. Optimized geometrical parameters of the title compound are in agreement with reported structures. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

纳米磷化镓粉体还原氦过程的Raman光谱分析

利用Raman光谱对还原氮后的纳米磷化镓(GaP)粉体进行了表征。结果表明：纳米GaP粉体表面含有Ga-O，P-O和H-O化学键。此外，进行氮还原过程后，在Raman位移约为1700～3300cm^-1范围内(相当于709～800nm或1．55～1．75eV)，纳米GaP的Raman光谱出现了一个宽、强荧光发射峰；而在未进行通氮处理的纳米GaP Raman光谱中，没有观察到该荧光峰的存在。本文对该荧光发射峰的起因作了初步分析。     

MoSi_2(001)表面的氧吸附行为

运用第一原理密度泛函理论方法,首先计算了MoSi_2各清洁表面的表面能,(001)Si-|-Si断面具有较低的表面能,是MoSi_2最可能的解理面;通过生成能及键布居分析研究了单氧原子、双氧原子及氧分子在(001)Si-|-Si断面的吸附行为,发现单氧原子在空位处吸附最稳定,此时O极易与Si结合,得到的Si-O-Si键长及键角与SiO_2的非常接近,表明低浓度下O极易与表面的Si结合生成SiO_2;双氧原子发生空位+顶位吸附时O原子除与Si有强作用外,可与Mo有一定相互作用;氧分子以平行的方式接近空位最有利于吸附,此时氧分子最易分解为氧原子,发生氧原子在空位的吸附.     

纳米磷化镓粉体还原氮过程的Raman光谱分析

利用Raman光谱对还原氮后的纳米磷化镓(GaP)粉体进行了表征。结果表明:纳米GaP粉体表面含有Ga-O,P-O和H-O化学键。此外,进行氮还原过程后,在Raman位移约为1700~3300cm-1范围内(相当于709~800nm或1.55~1.75eV),纳米GaP的Raman光谱出现了一个宽、强荧光发射峰;而在未进行通氮处理的纳米GaPRaman光谱中,没有观察到该荧光峰的存在。本文对该荧光发射峰的起因作了初步分析。     

The adsorption of cyclic hydrocarbons on Ru(001): II. Cyclohexane

The adsorption of cyclohexane on Ru(001) at 90 K has been investigated by thermal desorption mass spectrometry, EELS, UV photoemission and LEED. Thermal desorption indicates the adsorption of the undissociated molecule first in a chemisorbed monolayer (T_d = 200 K) with subsequent formation of multilayers (T_d = 165 K) at higher exposures. The vibrational spectrum obtained by EELS is characterized by a frequency shift of the C-H stretching mode from 2920 cm^?1 (multilayer) to 2560 cm^?1 for the chemisorbed monolayer. Off-specular EELS data indicate two different electron scattering mechanisms for the C-H stretching mode. Whereas for the C-H stretching mode of the multilayer, large angle electron impact scattering is observed, the C-H soft-mode of the monolayer is largely due to small angle dipolar scattering. The He I photoelectron spectra of cyclohexane multilayers are characteristic of the undissociated molecule. A new assignment of C(2s) and the lowest C(2p) level, based on a comparison with benzene, shows that the chemisorbed monolayer is characterized by the absence of emission or broadening of the 2a_1u level. This is attributed to C_3v symmetry of the chemisorbed layer and to a possible interaction of the 2a_Iu orbital with the metal surface.     

Probe into the reflection from GaP nanoparticles via different solutions of radiative transfer equation

The reflection and absorption spectra of gallium phosphide (GaP) nanoparticles were measured. The radiative transfer equation (RTE) for the medium with scattering and absorption is solved by three different solutions. The ratio of the absorption and scattering coefficients (E _a/E _s) of the GaP nanoparticles layer is calculated from the reflection spectrum via the three solutions, respectively, and the result derived with the three-flux model is closest to the exact solution given by Giovanelli. The E _a/E _s curves all exhibit the energy band gaps of GaP nanoparticles, which are consistent with the absorption spectrum measurement. The shape of the reflection spectrum is mainly determined by the absorption, and the scattering only influences its intensity. The energy band structure of the powder sample plays an important role in the reflection phenomenon, and the reflectance data can be used for quantitative analyses.     

CO2 motion in carbon dioxide deuterohydrate determined by applying maximum entropy method to neutron powder diffraction data

Crystal structures of carbon dioxide deuterohydrate were studied by neutron powder diffraction at temperatures from 10 to 200 K. Maps of scattering length density distribution were obtained using a maximum entropy method (MEM), which clarified the motion of CO₂ molecules in the hydrate. In small cages, the carbon atom of the CO₂ molecule is at the center of the cage, and the oxygen atoms of CO₂ revolve freely around the carbon atom. In large cages, the carbon atom also is at the center of the cage, but the oxygen atoms tend to revolve around the carbon atom along the plane parallel to the hexagonal facets of the cage.     

Analysis of the outermost atomic layer of a surface by low-energy ion scattering

Noble gas ion scattering is used to study the surface of solid targets. It is shown that this technique can be used to obtain a mass spectrum of the first atomic layer of the surface. Since the outermost atoms will largely determine the chemical reactivity and physical properties of the surface, this is an important property for an analytic tool to have. In addition to reflected ions, high-energy recoil ions are sometimes observed.Both the reflected and the recoil ions provide information about the atomic structure of the surface. The various possibilities of ion scattering are demonstrated for bromine, oxygen, sodium and potassium adsorbed on a Si(111) surface, for halogens adsorbed on Ni(100) and for GaP (110), (111) ($\text{111}$) surfaces. The influence of thermal vibrations of surface atoms and of electronic excitation on the spectra is discussed.     

Vibration spectroscopic study of the interaction of tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3) with potassium

The interaction between Alq₃ and potassium was studied by using Raman and infrared spectroscopies. Infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) spectra of Alq₃ films show significant changes after potassium deposition, such as the appearance of new bands and changes in relative intensity. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra obtained using the 413.1 nm line of a Kr⁺ laser reveal similar changes. Changes are even more obvious when the 530.9 nm line was used for excitation. Changes in the SERS for excitation with the 413.1 nm line are less obvious due to a strong photoluminescence. The vibrational pattern of potassium-doped Alq₃ cannot be explained by the formation of radical anion by simple charge transfer, indicating the excess electron is not delocalized over the molecule. The observed spectral change suggests that the potassium atom interacts with both nitrogen and oxygen atoms of Alq₃ molecule.     

Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering and fluorescence emission of gold nanoparticle–multiwalled carbon nanotube hybrids

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are grafted with gold (Au) nanoparticles of different sizes (1–12 and 1–20 nm) to form Au–MWCNT hybrids. The Au nanoparticles pile up at defect sites on the edges of MWCNTs in the form of chains. The micro‐Raman scattering studies of these hybrids were carried using visible to infrared wavelengths (514.5 and 1064 nm). Enhanced Raman scattering and fluorescence is observed at an excitation wavelength of 514.5 nm. It is found that the graphitic (G) mode intensity enhances by 10 times and down shifts by approximately 3 cm⁻¹ for Au–MWCNT hybrids in comparison with pristine carbon nanotubes. This enhancement in G mode due to surface‐enhanced Raman scattering effect is related to the interaction of MWCNTs with Au nanoparticles. The enhancement in Raman scattering and fluorescence for large size nanoparticles for Au–MWCNTs hybrids is corroborated with localized surface plasmon polaritons. The peak position of localized surface plasmons of Au nanoparticles shifts with the change in environment. Further, no enhancement in G mode was observed at an excitation wavelength of 1064 nm. However, the defect mode (D) mode intensity enhances, and peak position is shifted by approximately 40 cm⁻¹ to lower side at the same wavelength. The enhanced intensity of D mode at 1064 nm excitation wavelength is related to the double resonance phenomenon and shift in the particular mode occurs due to more electron phonon interactions near Fermi level. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.