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由三苯基氯化猪与烯或炔基膦酸盐反应,合成了8种新的三苯基锗烯基或炔基膦酸衍生物,利用元素分析,IR和HNMR表征了这些化合物的结构 相似文献
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炔烃的合成与转化一直是合成化学领域一个重要的研究内容,如何在有机分子中高效快速地引入炔基官能团一直备受关注.光氧化还原催化可利用绿色清洁的光能在较为温和的条件下产生高活性的自由基中间体,被广泛地应用于有机合成中.相对于传统过渡金属催化的Sonogashira反应,光氧化还原催化炔基化反应在最近十年取得了长足发展,且与前者形成了很好的互补之势.该类炔基化反应既可通过端炔与铜形成的炔铜中间体进行,又可通过非端炔的炔基自由基或炔基的自由基加成消除进行.此外,由于能用于该光催化炔基化反应的自由基源种类众多,使得传统Sonogashira反应类型得到了很好补充.根据炔基化反应成键的类型,对近年来可见光促进的炔基化反应进行了简要总结. 相似文献
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通过丙烯酰氯和1-乙炔基1-环己醇的酯化反应,制备了乙炔基功能化的丙烯酸酯功能单体1-乙炔基环己基丙烯酯(ECA)。以该单体与丙烯酸甲酯(MA)进行自由基聚合反应,合成了乙炔基功能化均聚物(PECA)和共聚物(PMA-co-PECA),用1 HNMR、FT-IR、GPC等对其结构进行了表征。结果表明:在自由基聚合过程中,ECA中的乙炔基得以保留,所得到的乙炔基功能化聚合物可溶于普通有机溶剂,如氯仿、二甲基亚砜、四氢呋喃、丙酮等。实时红外跟踪了PMA-co-PECA与三羟甲基丙烷三巯基丙酸酯经光引发的巯-炔反应,得到交联的聚合物网络,凝胶分数大于90%,表明聚合物链上保留的乙炔基与巯基的加成反应有较高的活性,可以通过硫醇-炔点击反应实现快速功能化。 相似文献
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烃基锡的膦(磷)酸衍生物具有较强的杀虫、杀菌及除草等生物活性, 受到人们的极大关注[1,2],尤其是三烃基锡(IV)二硫代磷酸酯的合成及应用研究已有较多报道[3,4],但三烃基锡(IV)膦酸衍生物的合成研究很少[5],而三烃基锡(IV)不饱和烃基膦酸衍生物R3SnOP(O)(OH)R'(R'为炔基或烯基)的研究尚未见文献报道.我们以三苄基氯化锡和炔基(烯基)膦酸单钠为原料,合成了6种三苄基锡(IV)炔基(烯基)膦酸类化合物.并用元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振、氢谱和锡谱、质谱及热重分析等手段表征了这些化合物. 相似文献
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炔烃的合成与转化一直是有机合成化学的一个重要研究内容. 其中, 炔丙位官能化是实现炔烃合成与转化的一个重要途径. 相对于经历阳离子中间体途径的炔丙位官能化反应, 自由基途径的炔丙位官能化反应在最近十年才得以发展, 且与前者也已形成互补之势. 该类炔丙基自由基既能够通过炔丙位的碳杂键断裂生成, 又可通过自由基对1,3-烯炔的加成生成. 同时, 由于炔丙基自由基存在自由基与炔烃的共轭结构, 使得该自由基既能够直接对金属物种加成参与炔丙位的官能化反应, 又能够异构成联烯自由基后对金属物种加成, 继而参与联烯化合物的合成. 此外, 炔丙基自由基还可以被进一步氧化成炔丙基阳离子后参与后续的有机转化. 本综述根据炔丙基自由基所参与的反应类型, 对近年来炔丙位自由基参与的有机反应进行了简要总结. 相似文献
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Stereospecific hydrohalogenation reactions of electron-deficient alkynes,i.e.,2-alkynoic acids,2-alkynoates,2-propynamides,2-propynenitrile,1-alkynyl phosphonates/phosphine oxides,1-alkynyl sulfoxides/triflones,and 1-alkynyl iodonium salts with lithium or sodium halides to afford Z-alkenyl derivatives and their applications in synthesis of important intermediates as well as natural products were reviewed. 相似文献
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Ochiai M Nagaoka T Sueda T Yan J Chen DW Miyamoto K 《Organic & biomolecular chemistry》2003,1(9):1517-1521
1-Alkynyl(phenyl)-lambda 3-iodanes undergo selective transfer of the alkynyl groups over the phenyl group onto diphenyl chalcogens. Exposure of 1-alkynyl(phenyl)-lambda 3-iodanes to diphenyl chalcogens (S, Se, and Te) in dichloromethane or 1,2-dichloroethane affords 1-alkynyl(diphenyl)sulfonium, -selenonium, and -telluronium salts in high yields. 相似文献
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A homo-Michael addition reaction of lithium selenolates with 1-(1-alkynyl)cyclopropyl ketones and the subsequent reaction with electrophiles such as PhSeBr, NFSI and NCS is reported. Based on the nature of electrophiles, this reaction may afford highly substituted 1,2-allenyl ketones or furans (E(+) = PhSe(+)) and 2-alkynyl ketones (E(+) = F(+), Cl(+), active halides) as the final products, respectively. 相似文献
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Copper‐Catalyzed Cyanomethylation of Allylic Alcohols with Concomitant 1,2‐Aryl Migration: Efficient Synthesis of Functionalized Ketones Containing an α‐Quaternary Center
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Dr. Ala Bunescu Dr. Qian Wang Prof. Dr. Jieping Zhu 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(10):3132-3135
A copper‐catalyzed alkylation of allylic alcohols by alkyl nitriles with concomitant 1,2‐aryl migration was developed. Formation of the alkyl nitrile radical was followed by its intermolecular addition to alkenes and the migration of a vicinal aryl group with the concomitant generation of a carbonyl functionality to complete the domino sequence. Mechanistic studies suggested that 1,2‐aryl migration proceeded through a radical pathway (neophyl rearrangement). The protocol provided an efficient route to functionalized ketones containing an α‐quaternary center. 相似文献
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H. D. Durst D. K. Rohrbaugh S. Munavalli 《Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements》2013,188(10):2680-2696
Microwave-assisted reaction of dimethyl H-phosphonate with cyclohexene-, 1,2-butene-, and 1,2-decene oxides furnishes 8, 5, and 17 compounds, respectively. The probable mechanism of the formation of the various compounds via free radical reactions and their GC-MS characterization are presented in this article. 相似文献
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By using carbophilic Lewis acids, In(OTf)3, NiCl2, and AuCl(PPh3)/AgNTf2, a concise and efficient synthesis of 1,3-disubstituted 1,2-dihydroisoquinolines has been achieved via tandem nucleophilic addition and cyclization of 2-(1-alkynyl)arylaldimines. Addition of proton sources such as water, CF3CH2OH, and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol was essential for the Lewis acid-catalyzed tandem reactions with organometallic reagents. By switching these catalysts, various types of nucleophiles such as allylstannanes, silyl enol ethers, alkenylboronic acids, and active methylene compounds could be introduced at the C1 position of 1,2-dihydroisoquinolines in this transformation. Furthermore, this method proved to be applicable to the synthesis of 1H-isochromene derivatives via the same tandem reaction of 2-(1-alkynyl)arylaldehydes. 相似文献
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烯丙醇类化合物是非常重要的有机合成砌块.近年来,自由基或阳离子对烯丙醇类化合物的加成引发的1,2-碳迁移反应迅速发展,被认为是合成含α-季碳中心的β-羰基化合物最有效的策略之一.目前,烯丙醇的官能团化/1,2-碳迁移反应取得了很好的成果,各种官能团化反应,比如卤化、三氟甲基化、硫化、膦化和芳基化等,已经顺利实现.但是,烯丙醇类化合物的胺化/1,2-碳迁移串联反应研究较少.这可能是由于竞争的亲核胺化反应存在导致的.因此,发展烯丙醇类化合物的胺化串联反应值得期待.我们及其他课题组以N-氟代双苯磺酰亚胺(NFSI)作为有效的自由基氮源,实现了烯烃或炔烃的自由基胺化官能团化反应.研究表明,在铜催化温和条件下即可生成金属稳定的氮中心自由基物种.据此,我们认为,在温和条件下有效产生氮中心自由基是实现烯丙醇自由基胺化/1,2-碳迁移串联反应的关键.在前期工作基础上,本文利用NFSI及其衍生物作为有效的自由基胺化试剂,实现了铜催化烯丙醇类化合物的自由基胺化/1,2-碳迁移串联反应,直接构建重要的含α-季碳中心的β-胺基酮骨架.本文合成了24个不同官能团取代的β-胺基酮衍生物.反应中芳环上取代基的电子效应和空间效应表现并不明显.当芳基对位连有卤素、烷氧基、芳基、烷基时,或者邻位和间位甲基取代的1-(1-芳基烯基)环丁醇均可以与NFSI顺利反应,以中等至较高的产率得到相应的含α-季碳中心的β-胺基酮.氧杂环丁醇、取代的环丁醇类化合物,5元、6元及非环状的苯基烯丙醇类化合物均适用于该反应,生成相应的目标化合物.同时,我们也扩展了胺化试剂的范围,除NFSI衍生物外,单取代的NFHSO2Ph类型氮源也可以有效发生自由基胺化/1,2-碳迁移串联反应,生成目标产物.另外,扩大反应物的量至5 mmol,反应不受影响,仍能以90%的产率生成β-胺基酮衍生物.最后,通过控制实验捕捉到反应中生成的苄基自由基中间体,表明该反应经历氮中心自由基对烯丙醇烯烃双键的区域选择性加成引发的1,2-碳迁移串联反应.总之,本文以N-F试剂作为自由基胺化试剂,利用铜催化体系发展了烯丙醇类化合物的自由基胺化/1,2-碳迁移串联反应,一步合成了重要的β-胺基酮类化合物.该反应条件温和,底物适用范围宽泛,官能团兼容性较好,合成了一系列链状、环状及螺环的含有α-季碳中心的β-胺基酮衍生物.据我们所知,这是首例将NHFSO_2Ph类型N-F试剂作为自由基氮源的反应. 相似文献
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An enantioselective 1,2-chlorine atom migration was observed in the tributyltin hydride reduction of various dihalogenated dihydrocinnamic acid derivatives. It is proposed that the reduction involves the formation of a chlorine-bridged radical intermediate, followed by hydrogen atom transfer to either the beta- or the alpha-carbon. The product distribution is affected by electron-withdrawing groups in that hydrogen atom transfer to the proximate carbon is favored. Presumably, this is due to the transition state of the hydrogen delivery step being electron rich, due to the relatively electropositive tin radical. These results demonstrate a 1,2-chlorine atom migration reaction governed by polar effects. 相似文献
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Synthesis of α‐Chiral Ketones and Chiral Alkanes Using Radical Polar Crossover Reactions of Vinyl Boron Ate Complexes
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Carolin Gerleve Marvin Kischkewitz Prof. Dr. Armido Studer 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2018,57(9):2441-2444
Vinyl boron ate complexes of enantioenriched secondary alkyl pinacolboronic esters undergo stereospecific radical‐induced 1,2‐migration in radical polar crossover reactions. In this three‐component process various commercially available alkyl iodides act as radical precursors and light is used for chain initiation. Subsequent oxidation and protodeborylation leads to valuable α‐chiral ketones and chiral alkanes, respectively, with excellent enantiopurity. 相似文献
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Copper(I) iodide catalyzed three-component reactions of 2-alkynyl benzaldehyde, amine, and diethyl phosphite provide a facile and efficient route to 2,3-disubstituted-1,2-dihydroisoquinolin-1-ylphosphonate. Palladium(II) chloride gives the similar results. An isoquinolinium intermediate may be involved in the reaction process. 相似文献