Synthesis of Single-Component Urethane Sealants

Single-component urethane sealing formulations with aldimines as cross-linking agents were developed. The temperature dependence of the curing time of the sealants was examined. The influence of the -CH = N-/-NCO ratio and of fillers (industrial carbon and chalk) on their physicochemical properties was studied.     

Preparation and Properties of Frost-Resistant Materials Based on Compounds of Oligoether Urethane Epoxides and Diglycidyl Urethane

A procedure was suggested for preparing epoxy ether urethane oligomers via intermediate oligodiisocyanates with increased content of the starting 2,4-toluene diisocyanate. The procedure allows preparation of epoxy-containing oligomers with appreciable fraction of low-molecular-mass diglycidyl urethane. The presence of diglycidyl urethane in the binder enhances not only the adhesion but also the strength of the cured material without significantly affecting the glass transition point of the binder. Elastic materials prepared by curing the compounds studied with cylcoaliphatic amines exhibit enhanced levels of strength and low-temperature elasticity.

     

Sealants based on polysulfide elastomers

Processes of vulcanization and adhesion of polysulfide sealants are reviewed and vulcanizing agents constituting polysulfide sealants are described.     

Specific Features of Molecular Structure and Viscosity Characteristics of Oligodiene Urethanes

Polycondensation of bifunctional hydroxyl-containing oligodienes with diisocyanates was studied by gel permeation chromatography, IR spectroscopy, and rheokinetic method. The kinetics of oligodiene urethane formation and the properties of the resulting oligomers, including the molecular-weight distribution and viscosity, were studied in relation to the ratio of the isocyanate and hydroxy groups.     

Characterization of Star Adhesive Sealants Based On PEG/Dextran Hydrogels

Swellable PEG amine/dextran aldehyde composite materials are emerging as a controlled, biocompatible tissue adhesive. We explain how preservation of natural tissue amines provides biocompatibility for PEG/dextran that exceeds the stringent, destructive cyanide‐based chemistry of cyanoacrylates, and adhere far better than fibrin glue. Strategic variations of material composition allow for the improvement of biocompatibility and adhesion strength. Material variations can be tailored to match the needs of specific tissue beds for an array of clinical applications. PEG/dextran cohesive properties are most responsive to variations in the PEG component (number of arms and solid content), while tissue/material adhesion strength is primarily determined by the number of aldehydes in the dextran.

     

Fast-Curing Silanized Polyetherurethane Sealants

The possibility of shortening the curing time of glue sealants based on silanized polyetherethanes has been studied. It is shown that fast-curing sealants with high physicomechanical characteristics can be obtained using the domestic commercially available SM-18 binder blended with a synthesized prepolymer based on oligoethers and diisocyanates.     

Polymerization of Perfluoro Epoxides

Abstract

Epoxidation of perfluoroolefins to perfluoroepoxides has made a new class of monomers available. Perfluoroepoxides undergo facile ring-opening reactions with nucleophiles which under the proper reaction conditions can lead either to poly-perfluoroethers or to other classes of fluorocarbons previously unavailable or available with great difficulty. The preparation of perfluoroepoxides is described.     

环氧乙烷/四氢呋喃共聚醚聚氨酯的热氧降解

羟基环氧乙烷/四氢呋喃共聚醚聚氨酯;核磁共振波谱;红外光谱;环氧乙烷/四氢呋喃共聚醚聚氨酯的热氧降解     

Urethane N-carboxyanhydrides from beta-amino acids

A general method has been developed for the synthesis of N-tert-butyloxycarbonyl N-carboxyanhydrides from beta-amino acids using Vilsmeier complex. These beta-UNCA are stable, and the reactivity with different nucleophiles (alcohol, amine, lithium enolate) was studied.     

硅改性密封剂的进展

简要地回顾了硅改性聚醚和硅改性聚氨酯密封剂的出现和发展 ,对硅改性聚醚和硅改性聚氨酯的制备作了简要的介绍 ,并对硅改性密封剂的配方、性能和应用作了进一步阐述。     

Organocatalytic Asymmetric Hydrolysis of Epoxides

The hydrolytic ring opening of epoxides is an important biosynthetic transformation and is also applied industrially. We report the first organocatalytic variant of this reaction, exploiting our recently discovered activation of carboxylic acids with chiral phosphoric acids via heterodimerization. The methodology mimics the enzymatic mechanism, which involves an enzyme‐bound carboxylate nucleophile. A newly designed phosphoric acid catalyst displays high stereocontrol in the desymmetrization of meso‐epoxides. The methodology shows wide generality with cyclic, acylic, aromatic, and aliphatic substrates. We also apply our method in the first highly enantioselective anti‐dihydroxylation of simple olefins.     

Effect of Temperature on the Cationic Photopolymerization of Epoxides

The effects of temperature on the photoinitiated cationic ring‐opening polymerizations of a number of different epoxide monomers were studied with the aid of a modified optical pyrometer instrument. Depending on the structures of the epoxide monomer, various behaviors were observed. The results were interpreted as due to steric and electronic features inherent in the structures of the monomers that affect the stabilization of the secondary oxonium ions, which are formed as intermediates in these polymerizations. At one extreme, cycloaliphatic epoxides such as cyclohexene oxide give highly reactive oxonium intermediates that exhibit high rates of polymerization even at subambient temperatures. At the other extreme, alkyl glycidyl ethers produce oxonium ion intermediates, which are so stable that they do not spontaneously react to form polymer at room temperature. By manipulation of the structure of the epoxide monomer, novel monomers with tailored reactivities can be prepared.     

Closed-Loop Recycling of Vinylogous Urethane Vitrimers

Devising energy-efficient strategies for the depolymerization of plastics and the recovery of their structural components in high yield and purity is key to a circular plastics economy. Here, we report a case study in which we demonstrate that vinylogous urethane ( VU ) vitrimers synthesized from bis-polyethylene glycol acetoacetates ( aPEG ) and tris(2-aminoethyl)amine can be degraded by water at moderate temperature with almost quantitative recovery (≈98 %) of aPEG . The rate of depolymerization can be controlled by the temperature, amount of water, molecular weight of aPEG , and composition of the starting material. These last two parameters also allow one to tailor the mechanical properties of the final materials, and this was used to access soft, tough, and brittle vitrimers, respectively. The straightforward preparation and depolymerization of the aPEG -based VU vitrimers are interesting elements for the design of polymer materials with enhanced closed-loop recycling characteristics.     

光固化氨酯改性丙烯酸系水性涂料

以丙烯酸丁酯,苯乙烯,丙烯酸及甲基丙烯酸－β－羟乙酯共聚合成了具有羟基和羧基侧基的丙烯酸共聚物,再用甲苯二异氰酸酯与甲基丙烯酸－β－羟乙酯的半加成物对上述丙烯酸树脂进行接枝改性,经胺中和后,水性化,可得较为稳定的自乳化光敏树脂水分散体系。     

环氧化合物羰基化反应研究新进展

通过催化的方法在有机化合物分子中引入羰基和其它基团而成为含氧化合物的羰基化反应,具有"原子经济性"反应的高选择性和对环境的友好性,可充分利用资源和保护环境,符合绿色化学发展趋势等优点,备受学术界及工业界青睐.综述了近年来羰基钴金属化合物催化的环氧化合物和一氧化碳羰基化反应研究的新进展,涉及的反应类型主要包括羰基化扩环、羰基化开环共聚以及羰基化开环,讨论了不同类型反应的相关机理,并展望了该领域的研究前景.     

Sealants with increased heat and cold resistances

Problems relevant to the development of new, and improvement of available, organosilicon sealants are set forth. Newly elaborated materials, which, in addition to enhanced heat and cold resistance, exhibit a number of other valuable properties and technological advantages, are described.