柱前衍生高效液相色谱法测定血清中克拉霉素的含量

建立了2，4-二硝基苯肼柱前衍生反相高效液相色谱紫外检测法测定血清中克拉霉素的含量，将在碱性条件下甲基叔丁基醚的血清萃取物，与2，4-二硝基苯肼在55％酸性条件下反应30min，然后用乙腈-0．05mol/LpH7．2磷酸盐缓冲液（48：52）在Alltima C18色谱柱上进行分离，在340nm检测衍生物。方法的线性范围为0．05～3．2mg／L（r=0．9993）；检出限为30μg/L，绝对回收率大于89％，相对标准差小于10％。本方法已用于克拉霉素在健康受试者中的药代动力学研究。     

气相色谱法测定胶粘剂中的游离甲醛

采用超声波萃取胶粘剂中游离甲醛,经2,4-二硝基苯肼衍生后用气相色谱一电子捕获检测器法测定．对提取方法、衍生化条件及色谱条件进行了研究,确定了甲醛检测的最佳条件．研究数据显示,该方法对甲醛的检出限为0．175μLg／g,在0．1～60．0μg／mL浓度范围内,线性相关系数R^2=0．9999;在1、2和8μg／mL3个添加水平下的添加回收率在98．97％-102．24％之间,5个实验室对同一样品中甲醛含量测定值的相对标准偏差为4．0％．结果表明本方法简便、快速、检测限低、回收率高、重现性好．     

高效液相色谱柱后衍生测定脱水蔬菜中的亚硫酸盐

建立了检测脱水蔬菜中亚硫酸盐的反相硅胶柱净化-柱后衍生-高效液相色谱方法.样品经甲醛提取,通过反相硅胶固相萃取小柱净化,采用Discover ODS-C18柱,流动相为0.005 mol/L氢氧化四丁基铵和乙腈,在碱性条件下以5,5’-二硫代双(2-硝基苯甲酸)为柱后衍生化试剂,445 nm检测.实验结果表明,在0.050～50.00 mg/L浓度范围内,相关系数为0.9987,方法的检出限和定量限分别为1 mg/kg和2 mg/kg,添加浓度在2～900mg/kg范围内,平均添加回收率为62％～88％,相对标准偏差不大于7.8％.该法能有效地避免脱水蔬菜中亚硫酸盐测定的假阳性结果,可满足实际检测工作的需要.     

柱前衍生-高效液相色谱法测定蔬菜中甲醛含量

建立了蔬菜中甲醛含量的高效液相色谱分析方法。样品用水提取、2,4-二硝基苯肼衍生及二氯甲烷萃取、浓缩后,采用Waters Sunfire C18色谱柱(250×4.6 mm,5μm)分离,流动相为乙腈-水(1∶1,V/V),在355nm波长处紫外检测。甲醛在0.1~2.0μg/mL浓度范围内呈线性关系,相关系数0.9989,方法检出限为1.0 mg/kg,在2~10mg/kg添加浓度范围内,甲醛平均回收率为78.1%~114.2%,相对标准偏差在0.8%~9.5%之间。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定食品中的甲醛

建立了用气相色谱-质谱-选择离子检测(GC-MS-SIM)测定食品中甲醛和次硫酸氢钠甲醛的新方法。改进了样品提取方法,考察了样品提取时间及衍生条件等因素的影响,确定最佳提取条件为超声波振荡4JDmin,衍生条件为2g／L的2,4-二硝基苯肼(DNPH)作衍生剂避光反应6h;采用选择离子m／z79和m／z210进行GC-MS检测。结果表明,本法可消除复杂基体的干扰,简便快速,准确可靠,灵敏度高,相对标准偏差小于7％;回收率在88．4％～93．8％;检出限为0．1mg／kg。该方法已应用于面粉、面条、啤酒、饮料等各类食品中甲醛和次硫酸氢钠甲醛的测定。     

固相萃取-柱后衍生-反相高效液相色谱法测定脱水蒜粉中的亚硫酸盐

建立了测定脱水蒜粉中亚硫酸盐含量的柱后衍生-反相高效液相色谱分析方法.样品用HCl/甘露醇缓冲溶液提取,经固相萃取(SPE)小柱净化本底并富集待测物后,与甲醛缓冲液反应生成稳定的化合物羟甲基磺酸盐,采用高效液相色谱柱及柱后衍生分离,紫外检测器检测,外标法定量.色谱柱为:Agila Venusil MP-C18(4.6 mm×250 mm),流动相为0.005 mol/L四丁基氢氧化铵离子溶液(pH 4),检测波长为450 nm,结果表明,检出限为2.0 mg/kg,在0.1～10.0 μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数R2=0.9998,样品添加回收率为86.5%～97.6%,RSD为2.2%～4.0%(n=5).     

气相色谱法快速测定橡皮擦中的甲醛北大核心CSCD

采用柱前衍生-气相色谱法测定橡皮擦中的甲醛。样品经粉碎,过0.180mm筛后,称取2.000 0g,用20mL水于70℃浸提20min,冷却后再超声提取30min,离心。10.0mL提取液中加入2,4-二硝基苯肼0.5mL,于70℃衍生反应15min,冷却后用5mL甲苯萃取2次,萃取液经DB-5色谱柱分离,采用电子捕获检测器对甲醛衍生物进行检测。甲醛的线性范围为0.105~10.5mg·L^(-1),检出限(3S/N)为0.01mg·L^(-1),加标回收率在88.6%~92.4%之间。测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.1%。应用该方法测得32种橡皮擦样品中的甲醛的质量比在0.135~48.5mg·kg^(-1)之间。     

HPLC法测定食用香菇中的甲醛

建立了用高效液相色谱测定食用香菇中甲醛的方法。将食用香菇用水提取,提取液经2,4-二硝基苯肼(DNPH)衍生后,用高效液相色谱法测定其中的甲醛。外标法定量测定时,甲醛标准溶液的峰面积与样品质量浓度在10．7～856μg／L范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性回归系数(r2)为0．9998,方法的检出限为8．2μg／L。所测定的6种香菇样品中甲醛的平均加标回收率为72％～93％;相对标准偏差为1％～8％。除了一种野生香菇样品未检出外,其它5种市售香菇样品中甲醛的质量分数为34～292mg／kg。     

气相色谱法快速测定橡皮擦中的甲醛

采用柱前衍生-气相色谱法测定橡皮擦中的甲醛。样品经粉碎,过0.180mm筛后,称取2.000 0g,用20mL水于70℃浸提20min,冷却后再超声提取30min,离心。10.0mL提取液中加入2,4-二硝基苯肼0.5mL,于70℃衍生反应15min,冷却后用5mL甲苯萃取2次,萃取液经DB-5色谱柱分离,采用电子捕获检测器对甲醛衍生物进行检测。甲醛的线性范围为0.105~10.5mg·L~(-1),检出限(3S/N)为0.01mg·L~(-1),加标回收率在88.6%~92.4%之间。测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为2.1%。应用该方法测得32种橡皮擦样品中的甲醛的质量比在0.135~48.5mg·kg~(-1)之间。     

RP-HPLC内标法测定土壤中甲磺隆和氯磺隆的残留量

采用反相高效液相色谱-内标法测定了土壤中甲磺隆和氯磺隆的含量．以苯甲醇为内标物,C18反相柱（250mm×4．6mm i．d．,5μm）为分析柱,甲醇／1％醋酸钠水溶液（Ф=50／50）为流动相,流速1．0mL/min;检测波长254nm,柱温30℃．在甲磺隆浓度3．92-39．2mg／L,氯磺隆浓度2．02～20．2mg／L范围内,各对照品与苯甲醇的色谱峰面积比呈良好的线性关系．该方法准确、快速、灵敏度高、重现性好．     

HPLC Determination of Trace Hydrazine Levels in Phenelzine Sulfate Drug Substance

Abstract

An HPLC procedure for the estimation of trace hydrazine levels in phenelzine sulfate drug substance has been developed. The hydrazine is derivatized at ambient temperature with salicylaldehyde, and the salazine derivative is measured using short wavelength UV (209 nm). The salazine is separated from unreacted salicylaldehyde and other compounds using a mobile phase consisting of 60:40 acetonitrile-water. The mobile phase was pumped at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min through a 150 mm × 4.6 mm i.d. reverse phase column (5 μm octadecylsilane, 30% carbon loading). The limit of detection of salazine produced when hydrazine sulfate reacts with salicylaldehyde in an analytical sample was found to be equivalent to 10 ppm of hydrazine (based upon 100 mg of phenelzine sulfate). Absorbance and hydrazine concentration are linear over the range of 10–1000 ppm of hydrazine, with an r² of 0.9998 (n=7) based on peak height. Five samples of phenelzine sulfate analyzed for hydrazine content with salicylaldehyde gave an interassay reproducibility of 2.1%.     

Hydrazine determination in sludge samples by high-performance liquid chromatography

A relatively simple and cost-effective method utilizing HPLC with UV detection was developed to detect and quantify hydrazine in sludge samples. The method was developed primarily for sludge samples, but it can also be applicable to soil and other environmental samples. The hydrazines in the matrices were derivatized to hydrazones with benzaldehyde. The hydrazones were separated using HPLC with an RP C-18 column in an isocratic mode with methanol-water (95:5 v/v) and detected with UV detection at 313 nm. The detection limit (25 microL injection) for the method is 0.02 microg/mL of hydrazine.     

高效液相色谱法测定番茄酱中辛硫磷残留

建立了高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定番茄酱中辛硫磷残留量的方法。番茄酱样品经乙腈提取盐析,弗罗里硅土固相萃取小柱净化,样液浓缩过滤膜后用乙腈溶解定容。采用C18色谱柱,流动相为体积比4∶1的乙腈∶0.15%甲酸水溶液,检测波长285nm,外标法定量。结果表明:在0.01～1mg/kg范围内辛硫磷的线性关系良好(r=0.9999)。方法检出限为0.01mg/kg,平均回收率为86.1%～102.7%,相对标准偏差为2.0%～6.5%。该法简便、快速、灵敏、准确,各项技术指标均满足农药残留检测的要求。     

高效液相色谱法测定全血中骨碱性磷酸酶的活力

 建立了测定全血中骨碱性磷酸酶(BALP)的高效液相色谱法(HPLC)。色谱柱为SpectraPhysicsODS反相柱,以V(0.01mol/L乙酸,pH4.8)∶V(甲醇)=70∶30的溶液为流动相,流速为0.8mL/min,检测波长为275nm。当BALP的质量浓度为8～200mg/L时,其活性对峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r=0.996),检测限为3ng。该方法简便、快速、可靠,可用于临床测定全血中的BALP。     

弱阳离子交换整体柱的制备及其对人血浆中硝苯地平的在线分析

以甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EDMA)为交联剂,以色谱柱管为模具,通过原位聚合法制备了弱阳离子交换整体柱。该柱能去除血浆中的内源性物质,对生物样品中的药物有富集作用。将其作为固相萃取柱与C18色谱柱联用,在线分析了人血浆中的硝苯地平。流动相为甲醇-水(体积比为70∶30),流速1.0 mL/min,检测波长235 nm。结果表明,硝苯地平在5.0～75.0 μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9993),方法的回收率为90.0%～99.0%,日内、日间相对标准偏差均小于5.0%。该方法精密度高,重现性良好,避免了繁琐的样品预处理过程,且弱离子整体柱可多次重复使用,为检测血浆中的痕量药物提供了一种快速、经济、有效的新方法。     

Development of a simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography method for determination of glucosamine in pharmaceutical formulations

A column high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the determination of glucosamine in dosage forms. Glucosamine was derivatized by addition of a solution containing orthophthaldialdehyde. The HPLC separation was achieved on a Spherimage 80 ODS2 column (250 x 4 mm id, 5 microm particle size) using an isocratic mobile phase containing phosphate buffer-methanol (90 + 10, v/v, pH 6.50) and methanol-tetrahydrofuran (97 + 3, v/v) in proportions of 85 + 15 at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, followed by fluorescence detection. The method was validated for specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantitation (LOQ). The detector response for glucosamine HCI was linear over the concentration range of 0.1-20 microg/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.9980. The accuracy was between 99.4 and 100.8%. The LOD and the LOQ were 0.009 and 0.027 microg/mL, respectively. The method was applied to determination of glucosamine in solid dosage forms.     

HPLC-ELSD法测定生物柴油中游离甘油含量

建立了高效液相色谱(HPLC)-蒸发光散射(ELSD)法测定生物柴油中游离甘油的方法。用水萃取生物柴油中的甘油,选用强酸型阳离子交换柱(Ultimate XB-SCX)分离甘油和杂质,流动相为乙腈-水(25:75,V:V),柱温35℃;ELSD漂移管温度30℃,载气压力360 kPa。结果表明:在7.12～307.31 mg/kg范围内,甘油峰面积和其浓度的对数具有良好的线性相关性,相关系数r为0.9929。甘油的回收率为96.3%～105.6%,RSD均小于2.0%(n=5)。最低检测限(LOD)和最低定量限(LOQ)分别为2.50 mg/kg、7.12 mg/kg。该研究为生物柴油中游离甘油的提取和检测提供了一种快速高效的方法。     

HPLC-UV method development and validation for the determination of low level formaldehyde in a drug substance

A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method (HPLC) with diode-array detection is developed and validated for the quantitative determination of formaldehyde in a drug substance. Formaldehyde (HCHO) is reacted with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) to form a Schiff base (HCHO-DNPH derivatization product), which has an absorbing maximum (lambda max) at 360 nm. The HPLC method employs a C8, 3-microm particle size analytical column (150 mm x 4.6 mm), 15-microL injection volume, column temperature controlled at 30 degrees C, detection at 360 nm, and a water-acetonitrile (55:45, v/v) mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. These conditions resolve the HCHO-DNPH product from unreacted DNPH, the drug substance and related impurities, as well as diluent peaks within 20 min. The retention time of the HCHO-DNPH product is approximately 6.4 min. The method is linear, accurate in the specified range (0.33-333 ppm), and robust based on analyte (HCHO-DNPH derivatization product) stability in standard and sample. Detection limit is 0.03 ng (0.1 ppm).     

高效液相色谱-荧光检测法测定牛奶中氯霉素的残留量

建立了对牛奶中氯霉素的残留量进行检测的高效液相色谱-荧光检测方法。氯霉素还原后在温和条件下与荧光胺发生衍生化反应,采用十八烷基键合硅胶固定相,以乙腈/四氢呋喃/0.02 mol/L醋酸钠-醋酸缓冲液(pH 6.0)(体积比为16∶8∶76)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温40 ℃,荧光检测激发波长为410 nm,发射波长为508 nm。在上述实验条件下,氯霉素检测的线性范围为0.4~800 μg/L (r2=0.9999),检出限为0.2　μg/L。当空白样品中氯霉素添加水平为2~40 μg/L时,该方法的回收率为66.6%~92.8%,相对标准偏差为4.5%~9.4%。该方法适用于牛奶中氯霉素痕量残留的监测,具有干扰小、选择性好、灵敏度高等优点。     

Determination of brassinosteroids in the sub-femtomolar range using dansyl-3-aminophenylboronate derivatization and electrospray mass spectrometry

A selective and sensitive electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry based method for detection of brassinosteroids (BS) in plant samples was developed. The limit of detection (LOD) was dramatically reduced over existing analytical methods using a microbore (1.00 mm) C18 column and chemical derivatization of free BS to dansyl-3-aminophenylboronates. The LOD in the selected-ion monitoring (SIM) mode for derivatized BS was 125 attomole (signal-to-noise ratio 3). The practical utility of the method is documented in Arabidopsis thaliana plant transformation of castasterone to brassinolide using a deuterium-labeled precursor. The method could be very useful for the detection of native BS in plant tissue and biosynthetic studies.