Sum Rule in a Consistent Relativistic Random-Phase Approximation

A fully consistent relativistic random-phase approximation (RRPA) is studied in the sense that the relativistic mean-field (RMF) wavefunction of nucleus and the particlehole residual interactions in the RRPA are calculated from the same effective Lagrangian. A consistent treatment of RRPA within the RMF approximation, i.e., no sea approximation, has to include also the pairs formed from the Dirac states and occupied Fermi states, which is essential for satisfying the current conservation. The inverse energy-weighted sum rule for the isoscalar giant monopole mode is investigated in the constrained RMF. It is found that the sum rule is fulfilled only in the case where the Dirac state contributions are included.     

相对论小分量波函数对原子光电离截面的影响

利用相对论平均自洽场理论,　研究了相对论波函数的小分量对原子光电离截面的影响。原子核尺寸效应将使波函数小分量对原子光电离截面的影响减弱。由于波函数沿径向空间被压缩,　电子离核的平均半径较小,　波函数小分量对高离化态离子光电离截面的影响比对一般原子要强得多。波函数小分量反映了相对论效应的基本特征,　从而也定性地说明了光电离过程中相对论效应的强弱。The effects of relativistic small radial component on atomic photoionization cross sections have been studied within relativistic average self consistent field theory. Relativistic effects are relatively unimportant for low photon energy, along with a review of high energy photoionization the relativistic effects are quite important. The effects of relativistic small radial component on photoionization process should show breakdown when the nuclear finite size effects is taken into account. The compression of wavefunction into the space near nucleus is so strong in highly charged ions that the electronic radius greatly decreases, and the effects of relativistic small radial component on photoionization cross sections turn to stronger than ordinary atoms. Since relativistic effects are extremely sensitive to the behavior of small radial component, the results are in good agreement with relativistic effects on photoionization cross section.     

核的巨单极激发的求和规则和核物质的不可压缩性系数

采用近来在研究核基态中极为成功的相对论模型研究有限核的同位旋巨单极共振 ,从而给出核物质的不可压缩性系数 .讨论了建立在相对论平均场基态上的相对论无规位相近似的自洽处理 .自洽要求基态和巨共振激发态的研究从同一个有效拉氏量出发 .与相对论平均场的无海近似自洽 ,相对论无规位相近似不仅要包含正能态的粒子 -空穴激发 ,还必须考虑 Fermi海核子态和 Dirac海核子态激发的贡献 .用约束的相对论平均场方法得到核的巨单极共振的能量逆权重的求和规则 ,验证 Dirac海核子态的贡献 .比较理论计算和实验测量的巨单极共振的能量得到核物质的不可压缩性系数为 2 5 0 - 2 70 MeV. The isoscalar giant monopole resonance for finite nuclei and the nuclear matter incompressibility are studied in a consistent relativistic approach, which achieves a great success in describing the properties of nuclear ground states. The consistency in the relativistic random phase approximation (RRPA) built on the relativistic mean field (RMF) ground states are investigated. The RMF wave function of nucleus and the particle-hole residual interactions in RRPA are calculated from...     

Photoionization calculation for 3d and 3p subshells of mercury in the decoupled relativistic random-phase approximation

Photoionization cross section, branching ratio, and photoelectron angular distribution for 3d and 3p subshells of mercury are calculated in the channel decoupled relativistic random-phase approximation (RRPA). It is found that the results for such deep subshells are close to the results of more elaborate calculations in the (coupled) RRPA.     

相对论无规位相近似

讨论了建立在相对论平均场基态的相对论无规位相近似研究中的一致性问题. 研究表明考虑费米海和Dirac海的粒子 空穴激发对核的同位旋标量巨共振的能量有很大的影响. The fully consistent relativistic random phase approximation (RRPA) built on the relativist mean field (RMF) ground state is presented. The fully consistent RRPA requires that the nuclear RMF wave function and the RRPA renormalization are calculated in a same effective Lagrangian. A theoretically complete treatment of the RRPA at the mean field level with no sea approximation must include not only the usual particle hole states, but also the pairs formed from the occupied Fermi states and Dirac states. Effects of inclusion of Dirac sea states in various multipole excitations are investigated. Considerable effects on the isoscalar giant multipole resonances are observed.     

Alq+(q=0—12)的光电离截面和Bethe系数

使用Hartree-Fock加相对论修正(HFR)近似计算Al^q+(q=0—12)的光电离截面和Bethe系数,其中Bethe系数将光电离截面与电子碰撞电离截面联系起来,并且决定电子碰撞电离截面的高能行为.分析了光电离截面和Bethe系数随电离度q的变化规律,还与其他数据进行比较,结果表明其数据是可靠的 关键词： 光电离 截面 Bethe系数     

原子(离子)光电离过程中多级效应的理论研究

在相对论理论框架下,通过对氢及类氢离子光电离截面的理论研究,探讨了多极效应的变化规律和电偶极跃迁的适用范围.结果表明:光电离过程中的多极效应与入射光子的能量、电子离核的平均半径等密切相关.入射光子的能量对多极效应的影响在通常情况下更具普遍意义,当其能量较大时,光电离截面的理论计算必须考虑多极效应.     

原子核对光电离截面的影响

利用Dirac-Slater相对论平均自洽场理论,研究了不同原子体系光电离截面在不同核模型下的差异.考虑原子核大小时,核的尺寸效应使电子所感受到的有效核电荷减小,并进而影响到电子的概率分布及光电离截面等;对没有考虑原子核大小的点模型,由于不存在核的尺寸效应,出射光电子的波函数有较大相移,从而有可能出现Cooper极小.当入射光子的能量远大于相关电子的电离能时,不同核模型下电子束缚能及平均半径等的差异将相对减小,从而使光电离截面随入射光子能量的变化趋于一致.     

Measurement of the correlation between electron spin and photon linear polarization in atomic-field bremsstrahlung

Atomic-field bremsstrahlung has been studied with a longitudinally polarized electron beam. The correlation between the initial orientation of the electron spin and the angle of photon polarization has been measured at the photon high energy tip region. In the time reversal this corresponds to a so-far unobserved phenomenon of production of longitudinally polarized electrons by photoionization of unpolarized atoms with linearly polarized photons. The results confirm the fully relativistic calculations for radiative recombination and suggest a new method for electron beam polarimetry.     

Photoionization cross section of Ne-like Cu XX with J=1

Relativistic calculations of photoionization cross sections of Ne-like Cu XX using the Breit–Pauli R-matrix method in close-coupling approximation and fully relativistic distorted-wave method are reported. In the present work, the relativistic distorted-wave method is employed to calculate the fine-structure energy levels and radial functions, and the Breit–Pauli R-matrix method is employed to calculate photoionizaton cross section for photon energy from 124.2 Ryd to 208 Ryd. Resonance structure in the photoionization of Ne-like Cu XX for ejection of 2p or 2s electron from the ground 2s²2p^{6 1}S₀ has been studied.     

高离化态离子及其光电离过程基本特征的理论研究

在Dirac-Slater相对论理论框架下,研究了HCI（高离化态离子）的基本性质及其光电离过程的基本特征. 通常HCI的电场非常强,其电子波函数沿靠近核的径向空间被压缩,这极大地改变了相应的物质的性质,使HCI的光电离过程与一般的原子（离子）的相比较有很大的不同：原子核的尺寸效应和相对论效应变得更加重要,而多极效应对光电离截面的影响却趋于减弱.     

高离化态离子及其光电离过程基本特征的理论研究

在Dirac-Slater相对论理论框架下,研究了HCI(高离化态离子)的基本性质及其光电离过程的基本特征.通常HCI的电场非常强,其电子波函数沿靠近核的径向空间被压缩,这极大地改变了相应的物质的性质,使HCI的光电离过程与一般的原子(离子)的相比较有很大的不同:原子核的尺寸效应和相对论效应变得更加重要,而多极效应对光电离截面的影响却趋于减弱.     

In-medium relativistic kinetic theory and nucleon-meson systems

Within theσ —ω model of coupled nucleonmeson systems, a generalized relativistic Lennard-Balescu-equation is presented resulting from a relativistic random phase approximation (RRPA). This provides a systematic derivation of relativistic transport equations in the frame of nonequilibrium Green's function technique including medium effects as well as fluctuation effects. It contains all possible processes due to one-meson exchange and special attention is kept to the off-shell character of the particles. As a new feature of many-particle effects, processes are possible, which can be interpreted as particle creation and annihilation due to in-medium onemeson exchange. In-medium cross sections are obtained from the generalized derivation of collision integrals, which possess complete crossing symmetries.     

交换势对光电离截面的影响

利用相对论平均自洽场理论,研究了光电离截面在不同交换势下的差异,在对这种差异进行分析的基础上,对其变化规律做了较详细的理论说明.计算结果表明:光电离截面随交换系数的增大而增大;电子所感受到的平均核势场越小,交换势所起的作用则相对地有所增加,从而对光电离截面的影响更大.     

Calculation of the photoionization cross sections for the ions of the rubidium isoelectronic sequence by the Dirac-Fock method

The photoionization cross sections for the ground and some excited states of 11 ions of the rubidium isoelectronic sequence from Rb through Ag¹⁰⁺ are calculated by the relativistic Dirac-Fock self-consistent field method. The energy dependence of the photoionization cross sections and the changes in the threshold values along the isoelectronic sequence are considered. The influence of the exchange effect and the choice of gauge on the calculated values of photoionization cross sections is examined. For practical use, the calculated cross sections are approximated by an analytical expression. Along with the total photoionization cross sections, the asymmetry parameter in the angular distribution of photoelectrons and the degree of their polarization are also calculated.     

Bi80+辐射复合过程的计算

基于Dirac-Slater自洽场方法，计算了Bi⁷⁹⁺离子从低能到高能的光电离截面以及其逆过程Bi⁸⁰⁺的辐射复合截面; 分析了Kramers公式的适用性；考察了多极效应 、相对论效应在不同能区对辐射复合截面的影响；计算了Bi⁸⁰⁺离子在电离阈值附近 的辐射 复合截面和辐射复合速率系数，考察了自由电子分布函数及电子的温度变化对速率系数的影 响，并将计算结果同高精度的储存环合并束实验进行了对比. 关键词： 多极计算 辐射复合 光电离     

Measurement of K shell fluorescence cross-section of Ca and K compounds

The cross-section for Ca and K compounds were determined by measuring the KX-ray yields from targets excited 5.96 keV photons and using theoretical K shell photoionization cross-section. By comparing the experimental results with relativistic Hartree-Fock calculation, a good agreement has been obtained considering the experimental errors.     

Importance of Relativistic Effects for Intermediate-Z Elements： Photoionization Process of Excited Na

Using a modified R-matrix code, the fine-structure-resolved partial photoionization cross sections of excited Na （Z = 11） are calculated within the Breit-Pauli approximation. Our calculated energy levels of Na＋ and Na are in good agreement with the experimental values within 1% and the branching ratios of the J-resolved partial cross sections are consistent with the recent measurements within the experimental uncertainties. The agreements are impossible to be obtained without adequately taking into account the relativistic effects and the electron correlations together. Therefore, even for the intermediate-Z elements （e.g. Na with Z = 11）, the relativistic effects （mainly the spin-orbit interactions） should not be neglected.