新型微量元素制剂——复合蛋白锌的基础研究与临床应用

报道了复合蛋白锌基础研究与临床应用，进行了理化性质的研究，试验结果证明本品系锌与氨基酸、蛋白质形成的复合物，属有机锌。药理学研究表明，对小鼠精神神经系统、心血管系统及呼吸系统等均无明显影响，进行了毒理研究、急性毒性试验，相当于临床用量的１２５倍，动物健康生存，无毒性反应；长期毒性试验，连续６个月服用复合蛋白锌，剂理相当于用量的２５．５倍及５１倍，未观察到的动物死亡及毒性反应；经检查血常规、血液生化     

Ni－海泡石催化剂的热稳定性和抗毒性

Ｎｉ－海泡石催化剂的热稳定性和抗毒性曹声春，杨礼嫦，彭峰，周军，郭栋材（湖南大学化工系，长沙４１００８２）关键词镍，海泡石，负载型催化剂，耐热性，抗毒性，苯，环己烷国内外现行的苯加氢过程主要采用Ｎｉ－ＡＩ。Ｏ。催化剂．但它存在耐热性差、易中毒、活性温...     

稀土改善锌基合金抗蚀性的实验研究

研究了稀土元素对锌基合金在95℃水蒸汽和NaCl水溶液中抗蚀性的影响。结果表明,稀土元素能明显提高锌基合金的抗蚀能力,而它和钛的复合加入可大幅度提高其抗蚀能力,并可基本上抑制合金在使用过程中的“失效”现象。     

黄芩苷和栀子苷抗炎活性和抗炎机理的理论研究

药理实验研究表明，黄芩-栀子药对主要成分黄芩苷和栀子苷配伍可抗脑缺血炎性损伤，其作用机制可能与抑制COX-2的表达和活性有关。在此基础上，本文运用密度泛函理论和分子对接方法，以黄芩苷和栀子苷为研究对象，以环氧合酶COX-2为靶点，从分子水平上揭示黄芩苷和栀子苷的结构与抗炎活性之间的关系，探讨黄芩苷-栀子苷配伍治疗脑缺血炎性损伤的作用机制。综合研究结果可知，黄芩苷对COX-2的抑制作用大于栀子苷对COX-2的抑制作用，黄芩苷的抗炎活性强于栀子苷，从而为黄芩苷和栀子苷的抗炎活性和作用研究提供了实验基础和理论依据。     

EDTA滴定法联合测定高炉煤气除尘中锌钙镁

本公司高炉炼铁时，原料中的一些物质，因氧化、挥发而形成粉尘，这些粉尘随高炉煤气经重力除尘、布袋除尘形成除尘灰，其主要成分为碳、铁、硅、锌、钙、镁和铝的氧化物及少量钛、锰的氧化物。其中锌的氧化物因除尘灰的循环使用逐渐富集，含量增高，容易结瘤而堵塞管道。因此，测定除尘灰成分     

稀土与栎精的配合物及其抗炎性

金属离子与栎精(C_(15)H_(10)O_7常写成H_5Q·2H_2O)配合物近年来有广泛地研究。但有关稀土与栎精形成的配合物尚未见报道。栎精属于黄酮类化合物,具有一定的抗炎性和抗癌功能,稀土亦如此。由于毒性等原因,使二者的药性应用受到限制。本文在研究稀土和栎精配合物的同时,对其药性也进行了研究。发现其配合物的毒性低于栎精和稀土,而抗炎性则优于二者。     

钒配合物的药理作用和理性药物设计

自19世纪90年代以来,钒配合物的药物发现及其基础研究有了很大的进展,但仍然存在很多亟待解决的问题.本文综述了钒配合物的抗肿瘤、抗糖尿病作用和分子机制,及其潜在新作用——抗阿尔茨海默症的作用,也介绍了钒配合物的毒性作用及其机制研究.另外,本文在阐明其药理作用和毒性作用分子机理的基础上,综述了钒配合物的理性药物设计,包括基于与靶蛋白作用的钒配合物、基于BMOV先导化合物的钒配合物和基于抗氧化策略的钒配合物等.未来抗糖尿病钒配合物的理性药物设计的关键仍是如何平衡其潜在毒性与抗糖尿病药理活性,而通过抗氧化策略的钒配合物设计或许是解决这一关键问题的有效途径.     

水系锌二次电池MnO2正极的晶体结构、反应机理及其改性策略

水系锌二次电池凭借其安全性高、环境友好、成本低廉、能量密度较高等诸多优势,有望应用于下一代大规模储能系统。电池的发展依赖于电极材料,二氧化锰由于其高丰度、低成本、毒性小等优势,在水系锌二次电池领域得到广泛应用。本文将从二氧化锰的晶体结构、反应机理及电化学性能出发,对其在水系锌二次电池中的研究进展进行系统综述。特别地,针对其容量低、循环稳定性差等问题,本文从储能机理(包括嵌入-脱嵌机制和溶解-沉积机制)角度出发,总结相对应的优化策略,为先进水系锌锰二次电池的设计开发提供参考。     

钨钛磷稀土杂多酸盐的合成及其抗艾滋病病毒活性的研究

合成了通式为ＬｎｘＨ「ＰＴｉ２Ｗ１０Ｏ４０」．ｘＨ２Ｏ的稀土杂多配合物，通过ＩＲ，ＵＶ，＾３１ＷＮＭＲ谱对其结构进行了表征。配合物抗艾滋病病毒活性的研究表明，此类配合物具有较低的细胞毒性及较高的抗艾滋病病毒活性。     

雷公藤的药效及毒性与微量元素的研究

雷公藤是一种药效大、毒性也大的中药。研究了雷公藤的28种无机元素，发现其有益元素铁、锰、锌、硒含量较高．其有害元素铅、砷、镉含量也较高，与其药效和毒性一一相对应。雷公藤对风湿性关节炎、肾病、肝脏病、皮肤病的疗效．与铁、锰、锌、硒在人体中生物学机理一致。雷公藤对消比道、心血管、肝脏、泌尿系统、造血系统的毒害作用，与铅、砷、镉在人体中的生物学效应一致。所以在使用雷公藤时，应考虑到微量元素作用．可提高雷公藤的疗效，降低其毒性。     

The Hydrogenolysis of Organic Halides with Zinc Dust in Micelle

A simple and useful synthetic procedure for hydrogenolysis of organic halides with zinc dust in micellar media is described.     

电感耦合等离子体光谱法测定铜冶炼烟尘中锌

本实验介绍了电感耦合等离子体光谱法测定铜冶炼烟尘中锌含量的分析方法。针对样品碳,硅含量高的特点,有针对性的研究了样品的消解方法,确定采用盐酸、硝酸、氢氟酸、高氯酸对铜冶炼烟尘样品进行消解。同时进行了干扰试验,确定样品中高含量的铜,铅,砷等对样品测定结果没有影响。并对仪器的工作参数进行了优化。方法检出限为为0.011 mg/L,测定下限为0.019 mg/L,3个样品的相对标准偏差在0.54%~0.92%之间,加标回收率在96%~101.14%之间。该方法样品消解完全,流程短,操作简单,快速,测定准确度高,可以满足铜冶炼烟尘中锌含量的测定。     

Efficient and Novel Synthesis of Benzoxazole Derivatives in the Presence of Zinc Dust Under Solvent-Free Conditions

A mild and efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of 2-cyclic amine-substituted benzoxazole derivatives using zinc dust under microwave irradiation in the absence of solvent is described. A comparative study was performed under conventional and microwave heating conditions. Zinc dust can be reused several times after reactivation. The significant feature of this method is the isolation of the pure product by simple workup in a short reaction time with high purity.     

EDTA滴定法测定除尘灰中锌含量

采用灰化后再溶解试样的方法,成功解决了除尘灰因碳含量过高而难于溶解的问题;将灰化后的试样以HCl-HNO3-HF-HClO4混酸溶解,在氯酸钾存在下,以铁盐作载体,用氨水沉淀分离大部分铁、铝、铅等元素,以硫脲-氟化物、硫代硫酸钠、抗坏血酸作掩蔽剂,掩蔽剩余少量铜、锡、铁等干扰元素,在pH=5.5~6条件下,以二甲酚橙为指示剂,用EDTA标准溶液滴定得到锌的含量。方法的相对标准偏差在0.75%~2.8%,加标回收率在98.0%~102%。方法操作简便,且分析结果准确度、重现性较好,可以满足生产检验的需要。     

Efficient Synthesis of Aryl Hydroxylactams by Reducing Imides With Activated Zinc Dust

A series of aryl hydroxylactams (2a, 2b, 2d–2g, 2i–2k, 2m, and 2n) was synthesized by partially reducing aryl cyclic imides in moderate to excellent yields with activated zinc dust alone in acetic acid. This method was regiospecific and can be employed as an alternative for reported methods to partially reduce aryl cyclic imides.     

In Situ–Generated Zinc Bromide–Catalyzed α‐Bromination of Alkanones in Water

α‐Bromination of alkanones with bromine catalyzed by in situ–generated zinc bromide from zinc dust and bromine in water is investigated. Bromination with dioxane‐dibromide as a source of bromine does not require zinc dust and provides selectively α‐mono and α,α‐dibromo products in excellent yields when water is used as solvent.     

城市灰尘的元素地球化学特征

根据湖州市吴兴区采样数据,分析了城市灰尘元素中亲铁元素、亲铜元素、亲石元素和常量元素的含量和累积状况,并探讨这些元素与土壤背景的关系.结果表明,湖州市城市灰尘四类元素含量差异较大,但与土壤背景变化趋势基本一致;同种元素在不同功能区的富集等级基本相同,但同类元素间存在明显的累积差异;各功能区灰尘元素与土壤背景的关联度都较...     

Integrated Dust Analysis by Physical Methods

Environmental analyses show that the air which we breathe, and which is so essential to life, is in general a mixture of gaseous, liquid, and solid components. The solid airborne particles, whose concentration, homogeneity, chemical composition, size, and shape can vary over wide ranges, and whose origin may be “natural” or “artificial” are referred to as “dust”. Dust particles can act, inter alia, as condensation nuclei, catalysts, and directly as hazardous materials. Unfortunately, we still know far too little about dust. Dust analysis is extremely difficult and challenging, even for modern analytical chemistry; it is still far from being fully automated. The simultaneous determination of as many “dust parameters” as possible, and particularly the synoptic consideration of all available data against a background of physicochemical and technological knowledge on the development, transformation, and effects of dust, are summarized as “integrated dust analysis”.     

淀粉接枝共聚丙烯酸-丙烯酰胺煤尘抑尘剂的合成及应用

以淀粉为亲水主链,丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺为接枝单体,利用加聚反应合成了新型煤尘抑尘剂.从保湿、凝聚和固结机理出发,测试了其水溶性、吸水保水能力、黏度,以及对煤尘的渗透性和润湿性、凝聚能力、固结能力,评价了其应用性能.结果表明,所合成的煤尘抑尘剂对煤尘具有长效抑尘作用.     

Distribution of Platinum and Palladium between Dissolved,Nanoparticulate, and Microparticulate Fractions of Road Dust

Ageing processes of vehicle catalytic converters inevitably lead to the release of Pt and Pd into the environment, road dust being the main sink. Though Pt and Pd are contained in catalytic converters in nanoparticulate metallic form, under environmental conditions, they can be transformed into toxic dissolved species. In the present work, the distribution of Pt and Pd between dissolved, nanoparticulate, and microparticulate fractions of Moscow road dust is assessed. The total concentrations of Pt and Pd in dust vary in the ranges 9–142 ng (mean 35) and 155–456 (mean 235) ng g⁻¹, respectively. The nanoparticulate and dissolved species of Pt and Pd in dust were studied using single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The median sizes of nanoparticulate Pt and Pd were 7 and 13 nm, respectively. The nanoparticulate fraction of Pt and Pd in Moscow dust is only about 1.6–1.8%. The average contents of dissolved fraction of Pt and Pd are 10.4% and 4.1%, respectively. The major fractions of Pt and Pd (88–94%) in road dust are associated with microparticles. Although the microparticulate fractions of Pt and Pd are relatively stable, they may become dissolved under changing environmental conditions and, hence, transformed into toxic species.