EXISTENCE AND UNIQUENESS FOR THIRD ORDER NONLINEAR BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS

Abstract. In this Paper, the existence and uniqueness of solutions for boundary valueproblem     

On the boundedness of solutions of nonlinear differential equations in Hilbert spaces

LetH be a complex Hilbert space and letB be the space of all bounded linear operators fromH intoH with the strong operator topology. We will give a boundedness result for the solutions of the differential equationx′=A(t)x+f(t,x) whereA: I=[t ₀, ∞)→B is continuous,f: I×H→H is also continuous and for every bounded setS⊂I×H there exists a constantM(S)>0 such that |f(t,x)−f(t,y)|≤M(S)|x−y|,(t,x), (t,y)∈S.

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Sunto SiaH uno spazio di Hilbert complesso e siaB lo spazio degli operatori lineari limitati daH inH, con la topologia forte. In questo lavoro si prova un risultato di limitatezza per le soluzioni dell'equazione differenzialex′=A(t)x+f(t,x), doveA: I=[t ₀, ∞)→B è continua,f: I×H→H è continua e per ogni insieme limitatoS⊂I×H esiste una costanteM(S)>0 tale che |f(t,x)−f(t,y)|≤M(S)|x−y| per ogni(t,x), (t,y)∈S.

     

Existence of solutions with turning points for nonlinear singularly perturbed boundary-value problems

We consider the following singularly perturbed boundary-value problem:

Existence of Positive Solutions for Singular Second-order<Emphasis Type="Italic">m</Emphasis>-Point Boundary Value Problems

Abstract   The singular second-order m-point boundary value problem

Theoremes de Viabilite Pour les Inclusions Differentielles du Second Ordre

This paper gives conditions ensuring the existence for an initial value (x ₀,v ₀) of a solution to the second order differential inclusionx″(t) ∈F[x(t),x′(t)],x(0)=x ₀,x′(0)=v ₀ such thatx(t) ∈K for allt whereK is a nonempty given subset ofR ⁿ .      

An extension of Ezeilo's result

Summary In a recent paper[1] Ezeilo considered the nonlinear third order differential equation x‴ + ω(x′)x″ + ω(x)x′ + ϑ(x, x′, x″)=p(t). He proved the ultimate boundedness of the solutions on rather general conditions for the nonlinear terms ϕ, ϕ, ϑ. These conditions (in a little weaker form) are also sufficient in order to prove the existence of forced oscillations in the case when the excitation is ω-periodic. For this purpose the Lerag-Schauder principle in a form suggested by G. Güssefeldt[2] is applicable. Dedicated to ProfessorKarl Klotter on his 70th birthday Entrata in Redazione il 21 ottobre 1971.     

Asymptotic stability and boundedness for functional differential equations

We study a system(D)x′=F(t,x _t) of functional differential equations, together with a scalar equation(S)x′=−a(t)f(x)+b(t)g(x(t−h)) as well as perturbed forms. A Liapunov functional is constructed which has a derivative of a nature that has been widely discussed in the literature. On the basis of this example we prove results for (D) on asymptotic stability and equi-boundedness. Supported in part by NSF of China, Key Project # 19331060     

Barrier strips and positive solutions of first order singular and regular initial value problems

We use the barrier strip method to prove sufficient conditions for the global solvability of the initial value problem f(t, x, x′) = 0, x(0) = A, including the case in which the function (t, x, y) → f(t, x, y) has a singularity at x = A.     

Periodic solutions of a third order nonlinear differential equation

Summary The differential equation x‴ + ϕ(x′)x″ + ϕ(x)x′ + f(x)=p(t) is considered where the forcing term p is an ω-periodic function of t. In the special cases ϕ(x)=k² respectively ϕ(x′)=a the existence of periodic solutions is proved on the basis of the Lerag-Schauder fixed point technique. The conditions imposed on the nonlinear terms do not include the ultimate boundedness of all solutions. Entrata in Redazione il 18 settembre 1971.     

A Cauchy problem for the heat equation

Summary Let u(x, t) satisfy the heat equation in 0<x<1, 0<t≤T. Let u(x, 0)=0 for 0<x<1 and let |u(0, t)|<ε, | u_x(0, t) |<ε, and | u(1, t) |<M for 0≤t≤T. Then, , where M₁ and β(x) are given explicitly by simple formulas. The application of the a priori bound to obtain error estimates for a numerical solution of the Cauchy problem for the heat equation with u(x, 0)=h(x), u(0, t)=f(t), and u_x(0, t)=g(t) is discussed. Work performed under the auspices of the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission.     

Penultimate limiting forms in extreme value theory

Summary Let {X _n}_n≧1 be a sequence of independent, identically distributed random variables. If the distribution function (d.f.) ofM _n=max (X ₁,…,X _n), suitably normalized with attraction coefficients {α_n}_n≧1(α_n>0) and {b _n}_n≧1, converges to a non-degenerate d.f.G(x), asn→∞, it is of interest to study the rate of convergence to that limit law and if the convergence is slow, to find other d.f.'s which better approximate the d.f. of(M _n−b_n)/a_n thanG(x), for moderaten. We thus consider differences of the formF ⁿ(a_nx+b_n)−G(x), whereG(x) is a type I d.f. of largest values, i.e.,G(x)≡Λ(x)=exp (-exp(−x)), and show that for a broad class of d.f.'sF in the domain of attraction of Λ, there is a penultimate form of approximation which is a type II [Ф _α(x)=exp (−x^−α), x>0] or a type III [Ψ _α(x)= exp (−(−x)^α), x<0] d.f. of largest values, much closer toF ⁿ(a_nx+b_n) than the ultimate itself.     

A Note on the Mean Value of Numbersof the Solutions of x^α≡ 1（modn）

Let T = T(p, q, α) be the number of solutions of the congruence x^α ≡ 1 (mod p^ηq^θ). Let A and B be sets of primes satisfying x₁ < p ≤ x₂ and y₁ < q ≤ y₂, respectively. A mean value estimation of is given. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 19971024) and Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 199047)     

On the equationx″+f(x)h(x′)x′+g(x)=e(t)

Summary We consider the equation x″+f(x)h(x′)x′+g(x)=e(t) in which f, g, and h are continuous, e is sectionally continuous and absolutely integrable, h(u)>0, xg(x)>0 if x ≠ 0, and f(x)≥0. Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for boundedness of all solutions and their derivatives. When f(0)>(0) we give necessary and sufficient conditions for all solutions and their derivatives to converge to zero. Entrata in Redazione il 14 giugno 1969.     

Nearly flat almost monotone measures are big pieces of lipschitz graphs

A concentrated (ξ, m) almost monotone measure inR ⁿ is a Radon measure Φ satisfying the two following conditions: (1) Θ ^m (Φ,x)≥1 for every x ∈spt (Φ) and (2) for everyx ∈R ⁿ the ratioexp [ξ(r)]r^−mΦ(B(x,r)) is increasing as a function of r>0. Here ξ is an increasing function such thatlim _r→0-ξ(r)=0. We prove that there is a relatively open dense setReg (Φ) ∋spt (Φ) such that at each x∈Reg(Φ) the support of Φ has the following regularity property: given ε>0 and λ>0 there is an m dimensional spaceW ⊂R ⁿ and a λ-Lipschitz function f from x+W into x+W^‖ so that (100-ε)% ofspt(Φ) ∩B (x, r) coincides with the graph of f, at some scale r>0 depending on x, ε, and λ.     

On a problem of D.H. Lehmer and pseudorandom binary sequences

Let p be an odd prime, and f(x), g(x) ∈ [x]. Define

On convergence of a generalized Pál interpolation process

Let f∈C _[−1,1] ^″ (r≥1) and R_n(f,α,β,x) be the generalized Pál interpolation polynomials satisfying the conditions R_n(f,α,β,x_k)=f(x_k),R_n ^′(f,α,β,x_k)=f′(x_k)(k=1,2,…,n), where {x_k} are the roots of n-th Jacobi polynomial P_n(α,β,x),α,β>−1 and {x _k ^″ } are the roots of (1−x²)P_n″(α,β,x). In this paper, we prove that holds uniformly on [0,1]. In Memory of Professor M. T. Cheng Supported by the Science Foundation of CSBTB and the Natural Science Foundatioin of Zhejiang.     

Fundamental solution of the cauchy problem corresponding to the one-speed linear Boltzman equation for anisotropic media

We consider the fundamental solution E (t,x,s;s ₀) of the Cauchy problem for the one-speed linear Boltzman equation (∂/∂t+c(s,grad _x)+γ)E(t,x,s;s ₀)=γν∫ f((s, s′))E(t,x,s′; s₀)ds′+Ωδ(t)δ(x)δ (s−s ₀) that is assumed to be valid for any (t,x)∈Rⁿ⁺¹; morevoer, for t<0 the condition E(t,x,s; s₀)=0 holds. By using the Fourier-laplace transform in space-time arguments, the problem reduces to the study of an integral equation in the variables. For 0<ν≤1, the uniqueness and existence of the solution of the original problem are proved for any fixeds in the space of tempered distributions with supports in the front space-time cone. If the scattering media are of isotropic type (f(.)=1), the solution of the integral equation is given in explicit form. In the approximation of “small mean-free paths,” various weak limits of the solution are obtained with the help of a Tauberian-type theorem, for distributions. Bibliography: 4 titles. Translated fromZapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Vol. 250, 1998, pp. 319–332. Translated by Yu. B. Yanushanets.     

Existence of positive solutions of nonlinear fractional differential equations

Existence of positive solutions for the nonlinear fractional differential equation D^su(x)=f(x,u(x)), 0<s<1, has been studied (S. Zhang, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 252 (2000) 804-812), where D^s denotes Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative. In the present work we study existence of positive solutions in case of the nonlinear fractional differential equation:

L(D)u=f(x,u),u(0)=0,0<x<1,     

La riflessione analitica delle funzioni biarmoniche attorno a un cerchio ed alcuni problemi di elasticità piana

Sunto Due funzionif(x, y) e ϕ(x, y), biarmoniche (e cioè soddisfacenti all'equazione ΔΔ=0), rispettivamente definite nei semipianix>0 edx<0, le cui derivate seconde si annullano all'infinito, e tali che nei punti dell'assey risultif=ϕ e∂f/∂x=∂ϕ/∂x, si dicono l'una ? riflessa ? dell'altra attorno all'assey. Da ognuna delle due funzionif e ϕ l'altra si ottiene con sole operazioni di sostituzione e derivazione (indicando, precisamente, con{f}, {∂f/∂x} e{Δf} le funzioni che si ottengono daf, ∂f/∂x eΔf ponendo, in queste, in luogo dix il suo contrario −x, si ha ϕ={f}+2x{∂f/∂x}+x ² {Δf} e, reciprocamente,f={ϕ}+2x{∂ϕ/∂x}+x ²{Δϕ}). In modo analogo si definisce una operazione di riflessione analitica attorno a un cerchio. La retta potendosi riguardare come cerchio degenere (di raggio infinito) l'operazione di rifiessione analitica attorno alla retta viene ottenuta, nel testo, come caso limite di quella di riflessione attorno al cerchio. L'operazione di riflessione analitica trova applicazione in alcuni problemi di elasticità piana (perturbazione prodotta da un foro circolare nella sollecitazione di un sistema piano; determinazione degli sforzi in un semipiano elastico sollecitato da una forza applicata in un punto interno).     

Asymptotic Behaviors of the Solutions to Scalar Viscous Conservation Laws on Bounded Interval

Abstract This paper concerns the asymptotic behaviors of the solutions to the initial-boundary value prob-lem for scalar viscous conservations laws u_t+f(u)_x=u_(xx) on[0,1],with the boundary condition u(0,t) =u_,u(1,t)=u_+ and the initial data u(x,0)=u_0(x,0)=u_0(x),where u_≠u_+ and f is a given function satisfyingf'(u)>0 for u under consideration.By means of energy estimates method and under some more regular condi-tions on the initial data,both the global existence and the asymptotic behavior are obtained.When u_u_+, which corresponds to shock waves in inviscid conservation laws, it is established for weak shockwaves,which means that │u_-u_+│is small.Moreover,exponential decay rates are both given.